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Science- Newsela main idea quiz

Terms in this set (27)

estimated amount of cells in human body
75-100 trillion
about how many types of cells
100
cell size range
1-100 micrometers
micrometers in an inch
25,000
2 main cell types
eukaryotic and prokaryotic
Which one has a nucleus
Eukaryotic
What does the nucleus store
genetic information
What kingdoms are eukaryotic?
Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
What kingdoms are prokaryotic?
Bacteria and Archaea
Earliest life
prokaryotes
single celled
Prokaryotic
Bacteria cells in the human body
95%
bacteria helps with
digestion
bacteria is found where in the human body
digestive tract, on skin
cells contain
DNA and RNA
Where prokaryotic store DNA
nucleoid
Eukaryotic stores DNA
nucleus protected by membrane
DNA structure
chromosomes
Eukaryotic Organelles
The nucleus controls the cell's growth and how it reproduces Mitochondria provide energy for the cell.

The endoplasmic reticulum creates carbohydrates, like sugar, and fats.

Ribosomes help create proteins.

The Golgi complex packages and ships the proteins and fats produced by the cell.

Lysosomes help with digesting substances inside the cell.
Prokaryotic Organelles
ribosomes
Prokaryotic Reproduction
- Binary fission: "dividing in half"
- singular circular DNA molecule that is much smaller than those of eukaryotes
Eukaryotic Reproduction
mitosis (asexual) and meiosis (sexual)
Tissues
Groups of cells with a common structure and function.
Cell life span
Certain cells in the digestive tract live for only a few days, while some of the cells in the immune system can live up to six weeks. The immune system is the group of cells and organs that defend the body from small organisms that can harm it. Brain cells can live for a whole lifetime.
cell suicide
apoptosis
meiosis
Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms
binary fission
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