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Unit 10: Personality

Terms in this set (36)

Conscious
Preconscious
Unconscious
In Sigmund Freud's metaphor using an iceberg, what were the three labeled pieces of the iceberg?
Like an iceberg, which is mostly under water, Freud said that our mind was mostly unconscious.
What was the purpose of the iceberg in Freud's metaphor
Conscious = What you are currently thinking
Preconscious = What you are not thinking, but could be (e.g. memories)
Unconscious = What you are not capable of thinking about, but control your actions (e.g. Hatred for a parent, secret love for a person)
What is the difference between conscious, preconscious, and unconscious thoughts?
Id
Ego
Superego
What are the three functions driving our behaviors and thoughts according to Freud?
Id = devil on your shoulder - unfiltered, animalistic desires (evil)
Ego = mediator - does what is realistic, listenes to the Id and the Superego
Superego = angel on your shoulder - morality, (what Jesus would do)
What is the difference between the Id, Ego, and Superego
Oral (<18 mo)
Anal (18-36 mo)
Phallic (3-6 y/o)
Latent (6 - puberty)
Genital (after puberty)
In order, what are Freud's psychosexual stages of development?
Fixation
What was the term used when a person gets stuck in one of Freud's psychosexual stages, and it manifests itself later in life?
Anal Retentive - A person who is excessively tidy and/or hates messes
Anal Expulsive - Messy, disorganized and/or rebellious
What are the two stages of fixation related to the anal stage - and what do they mean generally?
Repression
The defense mechanism where an individual completely blocks out from memory a traumatic experience
When a person reverts back to an earlier stage in development to deal with emotional trauma (e.g. sucking their thumb)
Regression
Reaction Formation
Acting opposite the way a person really feels
Example: Acting mean towards a person that you really like
Projection
Taking traits of ones' own self and placing them on others
Example: A selfish person is quick to see selfish traits in other people
Rationalization
Making excuses for bad situations
Example: You didn't get into the college you wanted, so you say you didn't want to go there anyway.
Displacement
Taking your emotions out on an object or person unrelated to what caused your emotions
Example: You have a bad day at school, so you yell at your little brother when you get home.
Sublimation
Using an upsetting situation as energy to do something productive and good
Example: Your girlfriend breaks up with you, which makes you angry, but you use that to run faster in the track meet.
Denial
Refusal to accept reality
Example:Your boyfriend breaks up with you. However, when asked you say, No he didn't mean it, he'll be back, we have a date tomorrow night.
6
At what age did Freud say that our personality traits were made fairly permanent
Collective Unconscious
According to Carl Jung, out entire society has a sort of shared set of traits, knowledge and experience. He called this:
Neo-Freudians
What is the name of the psychoanalysts that came after Freud
To uncover or project the unconscious.
What is the purpose of projective tests
Thematic Apperception Test
The projective test with two people engaged in an ambiguous situation
Rorschach
The last name of the man that came up with the "Inkblot" projective test
Free Association
The projective test where you just start talking... and don't stop until you are talking about the unconscious things that are bothering you.
Dream Interpretation
The projective test where a Freudian therapist will "interpret" your dreams
The Interpretation of Dreams
The book, written by Sigmund Freud in 1899, which was the catalyst for Freud's success, and made him famous.
Oedipus Complex
Sigmund Freud's controversial belief that boys typically have an unconscious attraction to their own mothers, named after a Greek play.
Collective Unconscious
Carl Jung's believed that unconscious experiences and thoughts could exist in a shared, group level, in addition to individually - this is called
Myers-Briggs
The personality test, started by Carl Jung, which gives a score of four letters ("I/E", "S/N", "T/F", "J/P")
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
The test whose primary purpose is to identify abnormal personality traits (e.g. "neuroticism", "psychosis", etc...)
CANOE (Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Openness, Extraversion)
The acronym for the "Big 5" personality test's results
Reciprocal Determinism
The theory that a person's personality and their environment are co-dependent. That is, a person chooses their environment ("friends") because of their personality, but the environment also shapes their personality
External Locus of Control
The belief that your circumstances are generally OUTSIDE of your control (e.g. "luck", "fate")
Internal Locus of Control
The belief that your circumstances are generally INSIDE your control (e.g. "trying hard", "bootstrap")
Spotlight Effect
The tendency to be hyper-aware of people watching you, or how much people care about your actions
Electra Complex
The controversial counterpart to the Oedipus Complex, proposed by Carl Jung, that girls have an unconscious attraction to their fathers
Introjection
Defense mechanism where you take traits about other people and see them in yourself
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