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Abnormal Final Exam (Interventions & Legal Issues #5)

Terms in this set (21)

Insight-oriented therapy approaches
- Psychoanalysis
- Modern psychodynamic therapy
- Humanistic-existential therapies
Psychoanalysis
Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
Humanistic-existential therapies
Stress selfactualization, self-concept, free will, personal responsibility, understanding client's (person centered therapy, gestalt therapy)
Modern psychodynamic therapy
Therapists more active in sessions; restrict number of sessions with client; put more emphasis on current than past events/factors
Action-oriented therapy approaches
- Classical conditioning techniques
- Operant conditioning technique
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Classical conditioning techniques (and their descriptions)
- Systematic desensitization (used for anxiety) relaxation or relaxation + fear
- Flooding and implosion (to extinguish fear) where they are put into anxiety provoking situation at full intensity
- Aversive conditioning pairs undesirable behavior with unpleasant stimulus to suppress the behavior
Operant conditioning technique (and their descriptions)
- Token economy : treatment program rewards
patients with tokens for appropriate behaviors (tokens may be exchanged for hospital privileges, food, etc.)
- Punishment : Used to treat autism and schizophrenia when less drastic methods do not work (controversial)
- Observational learning (modeling) : Acquisition of new behaviors by watching them being performed
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
- Psychopathology stems from irrational, faulty, negative, distorted thinking/self-statements

- Common elements, rational-emotive therapy, cognitive triad

- Rational-emotive therapy (Albert Ellis) - challenges "irrational" thinking

- Cognitive triad (Aaron Beck) - challenges negative thinking about self/future/world
Family therapy
- Group therapy to modify relationships within family to achieve harmony/better functioning
- Communication vs systems approach
Couples therapy
Treatment to help couples understand/clarify their communication, role relationships, unfulfilled needs, and unrealistic/unmet expectations
Integrative therapy
No one theory/approach is sufficient to explain and treat complex human organism
Prevention of Psychopathology
- Primary (universal)
- Secondary (elective)
- Tertiary (indicated)
Primary (universal) prevention
- Strengthening/adding to resources that promote mental health
- Eliminating community characteristics that threaten mental health; targets everyone
Secondary (elective) prevention
Attempts to shorten duration of mental disorders and reduce their impact; targets those showing early signs of disorder
Tertiary (indicated) prevention
Facilitates readjustment of individuals to community life after hospital treatment for mental disorders; targets those diagnosed with disorders
Confidentiality & privileged communication (legal & ethical issues)
protects clients from disclosure of information without consent; legal obligation to protect client's privacy
Privileged communication exemptions (legal & ethical issues)
danger to self/others, civil/criminal commitment or competency to stand trial, introduce mental condition as defense/claim in civil action, etc.
Duty-to-warn principle - therapists may be liable (legal & ethical issues)
Fail to diagnose/predict dangerousness, warn potential victims, or commit dangerous individuals, or prematurely discharge clients from hospital
Family educational rights and privacy act (legal & ethical issues)
FERPA helps ensure the privacy of educational records such as IEPs.
Other ethical or legal considerations (legal & ethical issues)
- Incompetence or malpractice
- Sexual misconduct
Cultural competence (legal & ethical issues)
- Need training and expertise in multicultural psychology
- Be aware and deal with biases, stereotypes and assumptions
- Be aware of culturally different clients' values and worldview
- taking into account social, cultural, historical, & environmental influences
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