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History Final

Terms in this set (74)

Opium War
a conflict between Britain and China, lasting from 1839 to 1842, over Britain's opium trade in China
Treaty of Nanjing (1842)
Treaty which ended the first Opium War and limited Chinese sovereignty because of the concessions to England - Hong Kong, money, low tariffs, open five ports to trade, and access for foreigners
Boxer Rebellion
1899 rebellion in Beijing, China started by a secret society of Chinese who opposed the "foreign devils". The rebellion was ended by British troops.
European spheres of influence in China
European areas in which the foreign nation controlled trade and investment
Meiji Restoration
The political program that followed the destruction of the Tokugawa Shogunate in 1868, in which a collection of young leaders set Japan on the path of centralization, industrialization, and imperialism.
westernization of Japan
Japan turned into a European-style nation with modernized army and vastly improved technology
Sepoy Rebellion
The revolt of Indian soldiers in 1857 against certain practices that violated religious customs; also known as the Sepoy Mutiny.
New Imperialism
Historians' term for the late-nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century wave of conquests by European powers, the United States, and Japan, which were followed by the development and exploitation of the newly conquered territories.
Colonialism
Attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory.
Berlin Conference
A meeting from 1884-1885 at which representatives of European nations agreed on rules colonization of Africa
Scramble for Africa
Sudden wave of conquests in Africa by European powers in the 1880s and 1890s. Britain obtained most of eastern Africa, France most of northwestern Africa. Other countries (Germany, Belgium, Portugal, Italy, and Spain) acquired lesser amounts.
King Leopold
King of Belgium who began imperialistic trade inside of Africa which resulted in the Scramble for Africa.
Cecil Rhodes
Born in 1853, played a major political and economic role in colonial South Africa. He was a financier, statesman, and empire builder with a philosophy of mystical imperialism.
South African War
1899-1902 war between british and Boers, may be caused by the rise of Africaker nationalism, British claim over Orange free state and Transvaal paved the way to single south african state in 1910
Social Darwinism
The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle.
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