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AP Lang & Comp Synthesis Test

Terms in this set (49)

Affectedly emotional, maudlin
Sentimental
Joyful, happy
Elated
Joking, humorous
Jocular
Annoyed, agitated
Vexed
Arrogant, overbearing, impudent
Insolent
Bold, insolent
Audacious
Not believing
Incredulous
Scornful, disdainful, disrespectful, irrelevant
Contemptuous
Lacking proper respect or seriousness
Flippant
Dismal, mournful
Lugubrious
Arrogant, self-important
Pompous
Haughtily contemptuous
Supercilious
Kindly
Benevolent
Instructive
Didactic
Frank, truthful
Candid
Emotional feeling of a word
Connotation
Visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work
Imagery
Specific attention to small details in the piece
Choice of detail
The arrangement of words in a sentence
Syntax
Word choice
Diction
, . ? !
Punctuation
Purposely orders the details, appeals, lines of reasoning, anticipation of objections, refutations, humor, evidence, transitional words and phrases, and any other rhetorical choices to guide readers through the development of the piece.
Arrangement, organization, and structure
The writer adopts a tone, persona, authority, purposeful language, and a style for a particular audience in order to convey a message, achieve a purpose, or create an effect or develop a point.
Tone, style, diction
An artful deviation from the normal or ordinary man at of expression: imagery, metaphors, hyperbole, personification, oxymoron, allusions, alliteration, and/or other stylistic choices.
Figurative language
Providing relevant context enhances understanding. Can be historical, contemporary, factual, cultural, and so on.
Contextual background information
Storytelling or recounting of a series of relevant experiences, observations, or events to support an argument. Emphasizes the senses and establishes the mood to persuade readers to see or feel so they will empathize with the argument.
Narrates, describes, or provides anecdotes
Essential to make sure that the writer and the audience are using the same language.
Defines
Sorting materials into categories so that readers can make connections between items that might otherwise seem unrelated.
Divides, classifies, categorizes, and characterizes
Highlighting similarities and differences to reveal insights.
Compares, contests, juxtaposes
Providing a series of examples, facts, specific cases, or instances makes an argument clearer, providing logical proof of the evidence needed to develop points.
Provides examples
Drawing conclusions or formulating plausible insight into an outcome or result. Writer creates a logical chain of how a cause leads to an effect.
Correlates, affects, casual effect, consequences
Explains how to solve an undesirable situation by creating a more desirable situation by creating a more desirable situation.
Describes a problem and provides a solution
Frames the pros-and-cons as a list of two alternative (a dichotomy), creating a sense of analyzing the best possible choice.
Frames advantages and disadvantages
Explains how something works, how to do something, or how something is done. Clarity, transitions, and logic are key to writing effective steps, stages, or phases of a process.
Explains a process
Explain how the voices included in the test contribute to the message.
References to voices
Describes the ways that the author uses words-the authors word choice, sentence structure, figurative language, and sentence arrangement all work together to establish mood, images, and meaning in the text.
Style
What does Syntax involve?
Parallelism, omission, reversal, repetition, balance, punctuation, sentence types, long complex sentences, short empathetic sentences, active voice, and passive voice
Two or more phrases or clauses in a sentence that have the same grammatical structure
Parallelism
The leaving out of particular nonessential details that can be assumed by the reader
Omission
OSV instead of SVO sentence structure (i.e. A pie baked Mary)
Reversal
A sentence made up on two parts that are roughly equal in length, importance, and grammatical structure
Balance
The subject of a sentence performs an action on an object (i.e. the dog runs after the ball)
Active voice
The subject is acted upon by an object (i.e. the dog ran after the ball)
Passive voice
An implicit, implied, or hidden comparison between two things that are unrelated, but which share some common characteristics
Metaphors
Exaggeration
Hyperbole
When something that is not human is given human characteristics
Personification
Which two seemingly opposing and contradictory elements are juxtaposed
Oxymoron
Where two or or more words in a phrase or line of poetry share the same beginning consonant sounds
Alliteration
A literary technique in which two or more ideas, places, characters, and their actions are placed side by side in a narrative or a poem, for the purpose of developing compassions and contrasts
Juxtaposition
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