Vascular Exam 5- Multiple Choice

The small saphenous vein usually (in most patients) drains into which of the following veins?
1. Femoral
2. Common Femoral
3. Gastrocnemius
4. Popliteal
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The small saphenous vein usually (in most patients) drains into which of the following veins?
1. Femoral
2. Common Femoral
3. Gastrocnemius
4. Popliteal
4. Popliteal
The calf muscle veins that drain into the posterior tibial or peroneal veins are known as:
1. Soleal veins
2. Small Saphenous veins
3. Gastrocnemius veins
4. Perforator veins
1. Soleal Veins
Which is the name for the perforating veins found in the medial side of the lower calf?
1. Sherman's
2. Dodd's
3. Hunterian
4. Cockett's
4. Cockett's
What paired veins lie closest to the fibula?
1. Plantar
2. Anterior tibial
3. Posterior Tibial
4. Peroneal
4. Peroneal
What is the main impediment to blood return from the legs to the heart when sitting?
1. Small vein diameter
2. Right-sided heart pressure
3. Extrinsic compression of the popliteal vein
4. Hydrostatic pressure
4. Hydrostatic pressure
Return blood flow from the legs decreases during inspiration due to which of the following?
1. A decrease in intra-abdominal pressure
2. An increase in intra-abdominal pressure
3. An increase in right side heart pressure
4. A decrease in intra thoracic pressure
2. A increase in the intra-abdominal pressure
The gastrocnemius veins drain into what vein?
1. Soleal
2. Posterior tibial veins
3. Popliteal veins
4. Femoral veins
3. Popliteal veins
In 20-30% of the population, the Giacomini vein aka intrasaphenous vein courses between what two vein segments.
1. Small saphenous to great saphenous
2. Small saphenous to above popliteal
3. Great saphenous to accessory saphenous
4. Gastrocnemius to soleal
2. Small saphenous to popliteal
Cardiac pulsatility in the subclavian vein flow is a sign of?
1. Thrombosis of the brachiocephalic vein
2. Thrombosis of the axillary vein
3. normalcy
4. congestive heart failure
3. normalcy
Deep vein thrombosis can result whenever there is...
1. Arterial trauma, venous hyper coagulability
2. Venous stasis, arterial trauma, venous hyper coagulability
3. Venous stasis, vein trauma hypertension
4. Venous stasis, vein trauma, venous hyper coagulability.
4. Venous stasis, vein trauma, venous hyper coagulability
Pitting edema of both lower extremities is likely related to: 1. Congestive heart failure 2. DVT 3. Secondary varicose veins 4. Primary varicose veins1. Congestive heart failureWhen valves no longer maintain unidirectional movement of the blood., and the calf muscle pump no longer forces blood cephald toward the heart or from the superficial system into the deep is known as: 1. normal venous evaluation 2. inadequate calf muscle pump function 3. superficial thromphlebitis 4. valvular incompetence4. valvular incompetenceThe clinical diagnosis of acute DVT may include all of the following except: 1. white or pallor skin 2. warmth 3. pain 4. swelling1. white or pallor skinThis is a condition in which the veins have a problem sending blood back to the heart from the legs. Associated with incompetent valves and varicose veins. 1. venous insufficiency 2. claudication 3. superficial thrombophlebitis 4. acute DVT1. venous insufficiencyDifferential diagnosis in patients with clinically suspected DVT include all of the following except. 1. Baker's cysts 2. Varicosities 3. Cellulitis 4. Muscle tear 5. Heart failure2. VaricositiesRisk factors for DVT include all except which of the following? 1. Baker's cyst 2. oral contraceptive use 3. orthopedic surgery 4. pregnancy1. Baker's cystWhich of the following regarding hydrostatic pressure are true: 1. When sitting it raises to approx 150 mmHG 2. Pressure will decrease if extremity is raised above heart 3. is related to density and the pressure from the heart 4. pressure in the vertical position is around 0 mmHG2. pressure will decrease if extremity is raised above heartVirchow's triad is best described as the following: 1. Circulatory stasis, hyper coagulability, and intimal injury 2. Circulatory stasis, hypo coagulability with intimal injury 3. High cardiac output and intimal injury 4. Intimal injury, hyper coagulability, and poor stroke volume1. Circulatory stasis, hyper coagulability, and intimal injuryA condition resulting in a grossly swollen and cyanotic leg that is caused by iliofemoral venous thrombosis is knows as: 1. lymph edema 2. homan's sign 3. phlegmasia cerulea dolens 4. stasis dermitis3. phlegmasis cerulea dolensThrombosis of the left iliac vein by extrinsic compression of the right iliac artery is known as: 1. Nutcracker Syndrome 2. May-Thurner Syndrome 3. Marfan's Syndrome 4. Arcuate ligament syndrome2. May-Thurner SyndromeWhat is another name for an abnormal popliteal stricture? 1. Ganglion Cyst 2. Hematoma 3. Lymph Node 4. Baker's Cyst4. Baker's cystWhat superficial vessel carries approximately 15% of the venous blood volume in the leg? 1. common femoral vein 2. great saphenous vein 3. femoral vein 4. soleal sinuses2. great saphenous veinThe soleal veins or the soleal sinuses lie in the deeper soleal muscle and drain into the: 1. anterior tibial veins 2. peroneal veins 3. posterior tibial veins 4. 2&3 5. small saphenous vein4. 2&3The difference between the pressure exerted on the venous walls from within the veins and from outside the veins is called the: 1. intraluminal pressure 2. hydrostatic pressure 3. transmural pressure 4. interstitial pressure3. transmural pressureA vein that appears large and circular in shape is most likely having the following: 1. lower transmural pressure 2. lower blood volume 3. higher interstitial pressure 4. higher intraluminal pressure4. higher intraluminal pressureAll of the following is true of the popliteal vein except: 1. Bifurcates in the ATV, tibioperoneal trunk 2. continuation of the femoral artery 3. lies deep to the artery from a posterior view 4. A DVT can develop within the popliteal2. continuation of the femoral arteryA 30 year old female complains about pain behind her knee that extends into her calf. There is a slight bulge behind her knee that does not have a *heartbeat*. Sonographically there is an irregular cystic mass with some internal echoes. Based on these findings you should assume. 1. Cellulitis 2. Aneurysm 3. DVT 4. Baker's cystBaker's cystThe great clinical danger in cases of DVT is that: 1. the thrombus may break loose 2. the leg temperature may drop too fast causing sever circulation constriction. 3. May cause a pulmonary embolism 4. Both 1 and 23. May cause a pulmonary embolismIf an entire thrombus breaks loose within the femoral vein and starts traveling toward the heart the first and most common place it may lodge would be: 1. The heart causing a MI 2. The ICA causing visual problems 3. The brain causing a stroke 4. The lung causing a PE4. The lung causing a PEWhen a patient inhales venous blood flow in the legs will? 1. stop 2. decrease 3. no change 4. increase2. decreaseWhen a patient exhales venous blood flow in the legs will? 1. stop 2. decrease 3. no change 4. increase4. increaseSymptoms of superficial thrombophlebitis include all of the following except: 1. persistent calf or leg swelling 2. local erythemia 3. local tenderness/pain 4. palpable subcutaneous "cord"1. persistent calf or leg swllingSymptoms of acute DVT include all of the following: 1. Persistent leg swelling 2. Persistent leg pain with acute onset 3. Red and hot legs 4. 1,2,5 5. Calf pain/tenderness4. 1,2,5Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens include all of the following symptoms except: 1. Ilio-femoral outflow obstruction 2. ankle ulcers 3. limb cyanosis 4. massive thigh and calf swelling2. ankle ulcersPatency criteria for all veins include all of the following except: 1. Complete coaptability of the veins walls with compression. 2. Continous non-phasic flow in the CFV 3. Visualization of blood flow throughout the lumen with color doppler 4. Normal venous doppler signals of spontaneity and phasicity 5. Absence of visible intraluminal thrombus on B-mode in transverse and longitudinal planes2. continuous non-phasic flow in the CFVIf a patient does not display respiratory variations in the proximal veins (CFV, FV); and this can be demonstrated bilaterally, which of the choices below is the most likely. 1. DVT in popliteal vein suspected 2. Refer the patient for a venous angiogram 3. Normal variation for this patient 4. Procede to investigate a calf DVT protocol.3. Normal variation for this patientDoppler venous flow patterns proximal to a thrombus ________: 1. May have respiratory changes 2. Will never have respiratory changes 3. Are too unreliable to determine 4. are never evaluated1. may have respiratory changesIn a chronic DVT, all of the following criteria may be exhibited except 1. the thrombus is at least several months old 2. vein is distended 3. vein is contracted and often the same size as the adjacent artery 4. thrombus has increased echogenicity2. vein is distendedThe following criteria may be present when a thrombus undergoes recannalization 1. partial lumen restoration 2. veins walls may become thickened 3. residual fibrous bands within lumen 4. calcium deposits within the old thrombus 5. all of the above5. all of the aboveRespiratory phasicity may not be present due to all of the following except: 1. Shallow breathers 2. patients who are lying prone 3. patients who have their arms over their heads 4. proximal DVT or extrinsic venous compression2. Patients who are lying proneWhich of the following vessels are most likely to have six or more valves? 1. Perforators 2. Axillary vein 3. Internal jugular vein 4. common femoral vein 5. posterior tibial vein5. posterior tibial veinVenous valves maintain the __________ movement in the blood. 1. bi-directional 2. uni-directional 3. stationary 4. distal2. uni-directionalInspiration________ intrathoracic pressure but ________ intra-abdominal pressure as the diaphragm descends. 1. increase, increases 2.increases, decreases 3.decreases, increases 4.none of the above3. decreases, increasesAs the patient performs a Valsalva maneuver by taking in a deep breath and then bearing down, intra-abdominal pressure ___________ significantly and all venous return is __________. 1. decrease, halted 2. increase, halted 3. decrease, increased 4.increase, increased2. increase, haltedVenous stasis, the secondary category of Virchow's triad, can be caused by all of the following except: 1. bed rest or immobility 2. congestive heart failure 3. obesity 4. pregnancy 5. all of the above3. obesityHyper-coagulabilty, the third condition of Virchow's triad can be associated with: 1. Pregnancy 2. Cancer 3. Oral contraceptives 4. All of the above4. All of the above