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BIO 211 Exam 2 Study Guide

Terms in this set (31)

1. Valley fever is a disease in humans caused by a fungus called Coccidioides present in California and Arizona. It exhibits two types of lifestyles. In the soil, it takes nutrients from decaying plant material, but once inhaled it causes severe flu-like symptoms. In the soil, Coccidioides is a ________ and in the lungs it is a ________.


A. Saprophyte, parasite

B. Yeast, parasite

C. Decomposer, mutualist

D. Symbiont, predator
A. Saprophyte, parasite
2. Since this exam was (is) so strenuous, you treat yourself to In n Out on your way home. You order a #3: a double-double and fries. What parts of a plant are you eating when you consume your 1. Fries, 2. Onions, 3. Lettuce)?



A. 1. Roots; 2. Shoots; 3. Leaves

B. 1. Stems; 2. Leaves; 3. Leaves

C. 1. Roots; 2. Leaves; 3. Stems

D. 1. Shoots; 2. Roots; 3. Leaves

E. 1. Stems; 2. Roots; 3. Leaves
B. 1. Stems; 2. Leaves; 3. Leaves
3. Which of the following is a difference between a fern and a gymnosperm?



A fern lacks vascular tissue, while a conifer possesses vascular tissue.

B. The sporophyte of fern is not photosynthetic, while the sporophyte of a conifer is photosynthetic.

C. The fern life cycle is gametophyte-dominant, while that of a conifer is sporophyte-dominant.

D. Gymnosperms are heterosporous, while ferns are homosporous.
D. Gymnosperms are heterosporous, while ferns are homosporous.
4. Which reflects the correct relationship of water potentials for a typical tree on a sunny day?



A. leaf Ψ < trunk Ψ < soil Ψ

B. outside air Ψ > leaf mesophyll Ψ < root Ψ

C. leaf Ψ > trunk Ψ > soil Ψ

D. soil Ψ < root Ψ > leaf Ψ
A. leaf Ψ < trunk Ψ < soil Ψ
5. You find a green organism in a pond near your house and think it is probably a land plant, not an alga. The mystery organism is most likely a land plant if it _____.


A. Is surrounded by a cuticle

B. Contains chloroplasts

C. Is multicellular

D. Has cell walls that are comprised largely of cellulose

E. Does not contain vascular tissue
A. Is surrounded by a cuticle
6. Carnivorous plants trap and consume insects in order to:



A. supplement the limited energy they get from the sun.

B. supplement the limited carbon available from the soil.

C. supplement inorganic nutrients that have low availability in the soil.

D. reduce pollination of nearby competing plant species.
C. supplement inorganic nutrients that have low availability in the soil.
8. Some fungi cause serious human disease. Which of the following is the reason that fungal diseases are more difficult to treat than bacterial diseases?


A. Fungi have strong cell walls, but bacteria cell walls are weak.

B. Fungi reproduce and mutate faster than bacteria.

C. As eukaryotes, fungi are more evolutionarily advanced than bacteria, thus, more resistant to drugs.

D. drugs that kill fungi are likely to be more toxic to humans than those that kill bacteria.
D. drugs that kill fungi are likely to be more toxic to humans than those that kill bacteria.
7. Where do eggs and sperm develop in a bryophyte?


A. Eggs: archegonium; Sperm: antheridium

B. Eggs: megasporangium; Sperm: anther

C. Eggs: archegonium; Sperm: microsporangium

D. Eggs: ovule; Sperm: microsporangium
A. Eggs: archegonium; Sperm: antheridium
9. Plant meristems perform which of the following functions?


A. Offer structural support to reproductive organs

B. Generate new cells for growth and control the developmental phases of plants

C. Are only located at the young growing tips of branches

D. Are the cells adjacent to the stomata
B. Generate new cells for growth and control the developmental phases of plants
10. The basis of the pull generated by transpiration in the xylem is ____.


A. positive root pressure from differences in solute potential between soil and root.

B. negative pressure at the air-water interface in the leaf.

C. pressure created by proton pumping of stomatal guard cells.

D. adhesion of water molecules to xylem cell walls.
B. negative pressure at the air-water interface in the leaf.
11. Which of the following adaptations allows for transport of water in woody stems?


A. vessel elements

B. the pericycle

C. pneumatophores

D. sieve-tube elements E. bundle-sheath cells
A. vessel elements
12. Which is true about the adaptive radiation of angiosperms?



A. Antagonistic coevolution slowed the angiosperm adaptive radiation.

B. The angiosperm adaptive radiation capitalized on the presence of animals.

C. Wind dispersal was a new innovation that evolved during the angiosperm adaptive radiation.

D. The angiosperm adaptive radiation did not lead to novel seed dispersal mechanisms.
B. The angiosperm adaptive radiation capitalized on the presence of animals.
13. The increase in girth of woody plants is mainly due to the production of more _____.


A. phloem
B. xylem
C. pith
D. cortex
E. bark
B. xylem
14. If a potato tuber sends sugar to the rest of the plant during spring but receives sugar from the rest of the plant during summer, it moves from being _____.



A. a source to a sink

B. a store of salts to lacking them

C. a below-ground structure to an above-ground structure

D. a vegetative organ to a fruit
A. a source to a sink
15. The structures that fungi have for taking in nutrients are called _______ and are composed of individual filaments called _______.


A. roots, rhizoids
B. phloem, stem cells
C. mycelia, hyphae
D. vascular tissue, xylem
C. mycelia, hyphae
16. Carnivorous plants trap and consume insects in order to:



A. supplement the limited energy they get from the sun.

B. supplement the limited carbon available from the soil.

C. supplement inorganic nutrients that have low availability in the soil.

D. reduce pollination of nearby competing plant species.
C. supplement inorganic nutrients that have low availability in the soil.
17. Gymnosperms and angiosperms are similar in that both exhibit ______________. Also, both contain ______________. One major difference between the two is that angiosperms develop ______________.



A. heterospory, Stamen, Fruit

B. anisogamy, Pollen, Flowers

C. homospory, Carpel, Wood

D. homospory, Pollen, Fruit
B. anisogamy, Pollen, Flowers
18. If you wanted to engineer a plant for more efficient capture of light energy, which of the following would be best to alter?




A. Casparian strip effectiveness

B. phyllotaxy

C. mesophyll cell wall thickness

D. xylem cell length

E. sphloem plasmodesmata number
B. phyllotaxy
19. Which of the following represents the correct sequence of evolution of traits among the land plants?



A. Roots → Cuticle → Seeds → Flowers

B. Vascular tissue → Stomata → Wood → Seeds

C. Leaves→ Stomata → Tracheids→ Heterospory

D. Cuticle→ Roots→ Heterospory → Pollen

E. Stomata→ Heterospory→ Vascular tissue→ Fruit
D. Cuticle→ Roots→ Heterospory → Pollen
20. "Butress" is a type of ____adaptation



A. Leaf
B. Stem
C. Root
D. Dermal tissue
E. Ground tissue
C. Root
21. Tendrils are a type of ____ adaptation



A. Leaf
B. Stem
C. Root
D. Dermal tissue
E. Ground tissue
A. Leaf
22. Stolons are a type of _____adaptation



A. Leaf
B. Stem
C. Root
D. Dermal tissue
E. Ground tissue
B. Stem
23. Spines are a type of ____adaptation



A. Leaf
B. Stem
C. Root
D. Dermal tissue
E. Ground tissue
A. Leaf
24. Flower petals are a type of ____adaptation



A. Leaf
B. Stem
C. Root
D. Dermal tissue
E. Ground tissue
A. Leaf
25. The Pith is derived from ______tissue.



A. Leaf
B. Stem
C. Root
D. Dermal tissue
E. Ground tissue
E. Ground tissue
26. The cuticle is derived from_____tissue.



A. Leaf
B. Stem
C. Root
D. Dermal tissue
E. Ground tissue
D. Dermal tissue
27. Guard cells are derived from _____tissue.



A. Leaf
B. Stem
C. Root
D. Dermal tissue
E. Ground tissue
D. Dermal tissue
28. The cortex is derived from _____tissue.



A. Leaf
B. Stem
C. Root
D. Dermal tissue
E. Ground tissue
E. Ground tissue
Water travels in the:


A: Xylem
B: Pholem
C: Both
C: Both
Glucose travels in the:



A: Xylem
B: Pholem
C: Both
B: Pholem
Minerals travels in the:



A: Xylem
B: Pholem
C: Both
A: Xylem
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