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Terms in this set (56)

Paleo-Indians
the first Americans who crossed from Asia into North America sometime between 38,000 and 10,000 BC
Archaic Indians
Mainly hunters but farming and gathering became more a way of life as the Late Archaic period arrived. Shellfish and snails also played an important part in the diets of Archaic peoples.
3 crops
were pioneered in Meso America by natives. Maize, squashes and beans became major components in horticulture 3000 years ago
pueblos
towns
Cahokia
an ancient settlement of southern Indians, located near present day St. Louis, it served as a trading center for 40,000 at its peak in A.D. 1200.
reconquista
Beginning in the eleventh century, military campaigns by various Iberian Christian states to recapture territory taken by Muslims. In 1492 the last Muslim ruler was defeated, and Spain and Portugal emerged as united kingdoms.
hidalgos
The sons of poor nobles.
Christopher Columbus
He mistakenly discovered the Americas in 1492 while searching for a faster route to India.
Amerigo Vespucci
A mapmaker and explorer who said that America was a new continent, so America was named after him.
Columbian Exchange
The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages.
coquistador
Spanish explorer
Hernan Cortes
Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico (1485-1547)
Fransisco Pizarro
Spanish explorer who led the conquest of the Inca Empire of Peru in 1531-1533.
Encomienda
A grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it
Mestizos
A person of mixed Native American and European ancestory
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