Meterology

AerosolsTiny liquid droplets or solids that are suspended in the airAverage Sea Level14.7 pounds per sq in, 1013.25 millibars, 1013.25 hectoPascals, 29.92 in of mercury4 layers of atmosphereTroposhere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphereTroposphereAtmospheric layer that contains all the weatherStratosphereThe atmospheric layer that contains the most naturally occurring ozone found in Earth's atmosphereOzoneImportant because it blocks the suns ultraviolent rays that are harmful2 Primary Reasons inner planets are rocky and smallThey are composed of silicates and metals, the star was hot and caused condensation of metals and rocky materialsAbundant gas on Venus and Marscarbon dioxideMoon PhasesThe sun and moon orbits earth and it rotates on its axis at the same rate that it orbits earthAerosol sourcesFog, ice crystals smoke, sea salt crystals, dust, and volcanic emissionsPressure change with higher elevationthe pressure lessensSurvival in the stratosphereWouldn't be able to survive without a breathing apparatus because it's cold and the air is thinAverage Global Temperature59 degrees F 15 degrees CAverage room temperature68 degrees F 20 degrees CTemperatureA measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substanceHeatMeasure of the total molecular energy of substanceLatent HeatWater absorbs energy or released by water means energy being transferredRadiationProcess by which heat is transferred, sunlight releases the earth via radiationConductionOccurs when energy is passed directly from one item to anotherConvectionDepends on if fluids expand when heated and undergoes a decrease in densityHow is energy created in the sun4 protons of hydrogen form to create helium, the temperature and pressure is so intense that nuclear reactions take placeorder of regions of electromagnetic spectrumultraviolet, visible light, infrared wavesRules of radiation1. All things with a temperature above absolute zero emit radiation 2. The higher the temperature of the object, the shorter the wavelength of radiation emitted 3. The higher the temperature of the object, the greater total radiation emittedSun emits peak energyvisible lightEarth emits peak energyInfraredWhy do the sun and earth emit peak energies in different wavelength regionsearth does not emit any visible lightReflectionVaries with the type of material that covers itScatteringThe small gas atoms and molecules that make up the atmosphere preferentially scatter the shorter wavelengths of lightAbsorptionVery short wavelengths of energy are absorbed high in the atmosphere, most of the energy absorbed at the surface is in visible and longer wavelengthsWhy is the sky blueBecause of scattering. The small gas atoms and molecules that make up the atmosphere preferentially scatter the shorter wavelengths of light and blue has short wavelengthsPhases of waterEvaporation, sublimation, condensation, deposition, melting, freezingWhen water changes phases, energyHeat taken from the environment to go from solid to gas, heat added to environment when gas to solidWhy are there seasonsThe tilt of the axis is the reason for the intensity and the intensity of the sunlight is what makes the differences in the seasonsObliquityThe axial tilt where the inclination angle of a planet's rotational axis in relation to a perpendicular to its orbital placeSignificance of arctic circle, tropic of cancer, equator, tropic of capricorn, and antartic circleThey are all named because of the role they play in the geometrical relationship with the Earth and the SunEquinoxThe sun is directly overhead at the equator. Everyplace experiences 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkSolsticeThe sun is directly overhead at a latitude of 23.5 degrees south. The south pole experiences 24 hours of daylightRadiation budgetAbsorbed by atmosphere, absorbed by earth's surface, absorbed by clouds, reflected by earth's surfaces, reflected by clouds, reflected by atmosphere, net emissions from earth's surfaces, emission from clouds, net emissions from carbon dioxideMost abundant greenhouse gasesWater vapor and carbon dioxide4 controls on temperatureLatitude, land, ocean, elevationSolar radiation intensityLatitude determines the solar radiation intensityHighest temp in US134 degrees F Death valleyHighest temp in OK120 degrees FHeat indexHumidity and temperatureHyperthermiaBeing too hotLowest temp in OK-31 degrees FWind ChillWind and temperatureKilowatt hourAmount of electricity required to light a 100 watt light bulb for 10 hoursEnergy source for 50% of energyCoal-fired power plantsSolar radiation used forLighting, heating, desalinization of ocean waterRegion of US that has most potential to produce solar eneergySouth easternHow much electricity in US generated by solar energy1%One advantage and disadvantage of solar energy30 days of sunshine have the equivalency of the total of all the planet's fossil fuels but sun does not shine consistentlyAbundant gas on Venus and Marscarbon dioxideMoon PhasesThe sun and moon orbits earth and it rotates on its axis at the same rate that it orbits earthAerosol sourcesFog, ice crystals smoke, sea salt crystals, dust, and volcanic emissionsPressure change with higher elevationthe pressure lessensSurvival in the stratosphereWouldn't be able to survive without a breathing apparatus because it's cold and the air is thinAverage Global Temperature59 degrees F 15 degrees CAverage room temperature68 degrees F 20 degrees CTemperatureA measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substanceHeatMeasure of the total molecular energy of substanceLatent HeatWater absorbs energy or released by water means energy being transferredRadiationProcess by which heat is transferred, sunlight releases the earth via radiationConductionOccurs when energy is passed directly from one item to anotherConvectionDepends on if fluids expand when heated and undergoes a decrease in densityHow is energy created in the sun4 protons of hydrogen form to create helium, the temperature and pressure is so intense that nuclear reactions take placeorder of regions of electromagnetic spectrumultraviolet, visible light, infrared wavesRules of radiation1. All things with a temperature above absolute zero emit radiation 2. The higher the temperature of the object, the shorter the wavelength of radiation emitted 3. The higher the temperature of the object, the greater total radiation emittedSun emits peak energyvisible lightEarth emits peak energyInfraredWhy do the sun and earth emit peak energies in different wavelength regionsearth does not emit any visible lightReflectionVaries with the type of material that covers itScatteringThe small gas atoms and molecules that make up the atmosphere preferentially scatter the shorter wavelengths of lightAbsortionVery short wavelengths of energy are absorbed high in the atmosphere, most of the energy absorbed at the surface is in visible and longer wavelengthsWhy is the sky blueBecause of scattering. The small gas atoms and molecules that make up the atmosphere preferentially scatter the shorter wavelengths of light and blue has short wavelengthsPhases of waterEvaporation, sublimation, condensation, deposition, melting, freezingWhen water changes phases, energyHeat taken from the environment to go from solid to gas, heat added to environment when gas to solidWhy are there seasonsThe tilt of the axis is the reason for the intensity and the intensity of the sunlight is what makes the differences in the seasonsObliquityThe axial tilt where the inclination angle of a planet's rotational axis in relation to a perpendicular to its orbital placeSignificance of arctic circle, tropic of cancer, equator, tropic of capricorn, and antartic circleThey are all named because of the role they play in the geometrical relationship with the Earth and the SunEquinoxThe sun is directly overhead at the equator. Everyplace experiences 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkSolsticeThe sun is directly overhead at a latitude of 23.5 degrees south. The south pole experiences 24 hours of daylightRadiation budgetAbsorbed by atmosphere, absorbed by earth's surface, absorbed by clouds, reflected by earth's surfaces, reflected by clouds, reflected by atmosphere, net emissions from earth's surfaces, emission from clouds, net emissions from carbon dioxideMost abundant greenhouse gasesWater vapor and carbon dioxide4 controls on temperatureLatitude, land, ocean, elevationSolar radiation intensityLatitude determines the solar radiation intensityHighest temp in US134 degrees F Death valleyHighest temp in OK120 degrees FHeat indexHumidity and temperatureHyperthermiaBeing too hotLowest temp in OK-31 degrees FWind ChillWind and temperatureKilowatt hourAmount of electricity required to light a 100 watt light bulb for 10 hoursEnergy source for 50% of energyCoal-fired power plantsSolar radiation used forLighting, heating, desalinization of ocean waterRegion of US that has most potential to produce solar eneergySouth easternHow much electricity in US generated by solar energy1%One advantage and disadvantage of solar energy30 days of sunshine have the equivalency of the total of all the planet's fossil fuels but sun does not shine consistently4 steps in solar system formation1. clouds of gas and dust exist through out solar system 2. some event triggers collapse of cloud 3. as cloud collapses it spins faster and faster 4. strong stellar winds help clear remaining gas between planets