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Test review for chapters 5,6, and 7 made by VISH KID

Terms in this set (28)

Conquistadors
Spanish explorers
( Gold, Glory, and God )
Cortes
In 1519 he landed in present day Mexico ( Tenochitlan which is now present day Mexicop city). He conqured the Aztecs in a close battle and built towns and farms/ranches on the present day Mexico city frontier. he travled along the southern coast of Florida and all the way to south Mexico.
Pineda
He saw Texas in 1519 and is believed to be the first conquistador to see Texas. He traveled and mapped the coastline from Florida to Mexico. he died in 1520 due to Native Americans.
( Esteban the slave ) De Vaca
He was washed to the shore of Galveston. The kind Karankawa helped the Spaniards but soon contracted deathly diseases. he heard about the seven cities of gold. His slave is forced to find the Seven Cities Of Gold and is killed on the way there.
Coronado
Discovered the Grand Canyon in search of the fabled Cities of Gold. He was led by an untrustworthy Native American ( The Turk ) who only lead them to The Seven Cities of Gold ( he actually is no city of gold ) to get them away from his tribe. When he heard this he killed his guide. He traveled from Southern Mexico to The panhandle of Texas. He was given credit for finding a large area of The New World but he is considered a failure to Spain. His expedition went from 1540-1542.
Onate
He was a cruel conquistador who was born in Mexico. In 1598 he brought families ( This was different then most expeditions at the time because most of them didn't bring any families ) in a huge colonizing party going from North Mexico through El Paso and near the Rio Grande.
De Soto and Moscoso
Explored the Mississippi River. He died durning the expedition but is still given credit for the places that his partner explored. They traveled from North Mexico to New Mexico. This expedition happened in 1542-1543.
The Turk
named by Spaniards because of his appearance, was a captive of Indians at Cicúique, an Indian town near the site of contemporary Pecos, New Mexico. He described to Coronado a region toward the east known as Quivira, which possessed much gold, silver, and rich fabrics ( The Seven Cities Of Gold). Quivira, however, contained only buffaloes and cornfields of the Wichita Indians. Because the guide had lied about the wealth of the land and conspired with the Quivirans to kill the Spaniards and their horses, Coronado reluctantly returned to New Mexico.
La Salle expedition
An expedition led by a French explorer to establish a colony on the Texas coast. He was a (born November 22, 1643, Rouen, France—died March 19, 1687, near Brazos River [now in Texas, U.S.]), French explorer in North America, who ACCIDENTALLY led an expedition down the Illinois and Mississippi rivers and claimed all the region watered by the Mississippi and its tributaries for Louis XIV of France, naming the region "Louisiana." A few years later, in a luckless AND ACCIDENTAL expedition seeking the mouth of the Mississippi, he was murdered by his men.
Privateer
armed private ship licensed to attack merchant ships
Missions
religious settlements in Spanish colonial Texas. These were created to colonize Texas, covert native Americans to the Catholic faith, produce products that Spain could tax. The daily routine of morning prayer, school, and routine jobs. The priest supervised the mission. They were square compounds enclosed by four walls. Lots of times diseases would kill the Native Americans and more often then not, the missions were hard to maintain because of their great expenses.
Presidios
Spanish military bases built to protect the missions from attacks and the livestock being stolen; walled forts. The soldiers were often treated unfairly and were given low pay and they had to pay for their own equipment which you can imagine can become quite expensive.
St. Denis
He built the trading post of Natchitoches on the Red River in Louisiana. He was appointed by the French government.
de Rubi
inspection tour of the land and presidios. Presidios were struggling and Spain didn't have the wealth or power to keep up with the missions. In the end Spain decided these things...
1.) Spain should abandon all missions
and presidios in Texas except those
at La Bahía and San Antonio.
2.) The Spanish in East Texas should
be moved to San Antonio to
strengthen the defenses of the
missions and settlement there.
3.)The Spanish should befriend the
Comanche and use their help in
fighting the Apache.
Mestizos
Person of mixed ancestry
Criollos
Spaniards born in the New World
Adams-Onis treaty
After the Louisiana purchase was made Thomas Jefferson argued that Florida was included in Louisiana and much of the United States believed that Florida would eventually become apart of the U.S. In 1818 Adams and president James Monroe resumed efforts to acquire Florida and the Western boundary of the Louisiana Purchase. In 1819 the agreement was signed by John Quincy ADAMS and Luis de ONIS.
1. Spain Seded Florida to the U.S.
2. U.S. paid Spain $5 million
3. U.S. promised no more Western expansion ( As you know that was a TOTAl lie )
4. Red R. Is Texas Northern boarder
5. Sabine R. Is Texas's Eastern boarder
Philip Nolan
A filibuster from the U.S. that was sent to Texas with Spanish approval but Spain was suspicious of the U.S. taking control of Texas. He led one of the first Anglo intrusions into Spanish Texas.
Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
priest who led the first major Mexican revolt against Spanish rule in 1810. He saw many Mestizos working extremely hard on farming and ranching and noticed that despite their hard work, they remained poor. He made the speech The Cry of Dolores (also known as Grito De Dolores).
Gutierrez Expedition
The expedition of 1812-13 was an early filibustering expedition against Spanish Texas. It took place during a time of unrest in Mexico against Spanish rule. In January 1811 Juan Bautista de las Casas led a rebellion movement against the royalists in San Antonio, seizing Spanish Governor Manuel Maria de Salcedo and his military staff. In March, royalists led a counter-attack, captured Casas, and killed him.
Battle of Medina
Fought on August 18, 1813 along the Medina River south of San Antonio between the republican forces of the Gutierrez-Magee expedition and the Spanish Royal army. The battle is known as the bloodiest battle ever fought on Texas soil. Mexico and Latin America were in revolt against Spain, whose king was Joseph Bonaparte, brother of Napoleon, who was on a rampage in Europe.
Jean Lafitte
French pirate and slave smuggler who aided the United States in the War of 1812 at the Battle of New Orleans. He was given a pardon for his crimes because he helped fight the British in the war of 1812. He had a hideout of Gavlveston island. He raided Spanish ships from 1817-1820. He claimed he was helping Mexico gain independence but most believed he was pirating. He was driven away by the U.S. navy when he attacked American ships.
James Long
He believed that Texas should be it's own independent country. He led an unsuccessful attempt in Nacogdoches in 1819 with a small group of men to declare Texas independence from Spain. He was captured by Spanish soldiers and murdered before his trial.
Treaty of Cordoba
The treaty that officially recognized Mexico as an independent nation and it ended the 11 year long war. This treaty was signed in August 24, 1821.
Lariats
a long rope with a noose at one end used to round up cattle
Vaqueros
skilled riders who herded cattle on ranches in Mexico, California, and the Southwest (Mexican Cowboys).
That weird pyramid thingy she showed us on Friday but never told us what its was called order from top to bottom
King ( Right beneath God ), Viceroy ( Below the king and agrees with whatever the king says ), Peninsulares ( Spanish Born but moved to "The New World" ) Crillos ( Spanish but born in the new world ), Mestizos ( essentially peasants and they make up the majority of the population. These are the people who worked very hard on their farms/ranches and had almost nothing to show for it. That is why the mestizos liked The Cry of Dolores. These people were of mixed ancestry ), and the Native Americans/Indians (basically the lowest you can be at).
Enlightenment ( upper case E )
People who began to use science and reason. These people often questioned if the king truly gets his power from God.
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