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Pathology Labs - Text/notes

Terms in this set (27)

which type of thyroiditis more commonly ends in atrophy?
hashimoto
which type of thyroiditis causes a more progressive destruction?
hashimoto
the most common manifestation of thyroid dz?
goitre
residual thyroid tiss in hasimoto appears (eosinophilic/basophilic)? and that's bc?
eosinophilic
hurthle cell change-abundant mitochondria
in hypothyroidism/iodine deficiency, when the effect of TSH disappears in a certain area, the follicles appear?
"colloid nodule" = colloid > cells
dilated follicles & cells will become flattened
<area will not become hyperplastic>

"multinodular goitre" = colloid nodules + other hyperplastic areas
a multinodular goitre is "toxic" when?
the hyperplastic nodules become independent of TSH
in graves, colloid most close to epithelial cells have a characteristic structure which is? why?
scalloped/moth eaten colloid
high turnover rate
anaplastic features
Anaplasia...severe pleomorphism, bizarre nuclei, too many mitoses, abnormal mitoses
what distinguishes a parathyroid adenoma from hyperplasia histologically?
an adenoma compresses the surrounding rim
cell arrangement in parathyroid adenoma?
solid sheets
or follicles
pit adenoma vs normal
adenoma:
monomorphous prolif
loss of reticulin framework
Craniopharyngiomas are remnants of what?
Rathke's pouch
(a suprasellar mass)
craniopharyngioma age distribution?
bimodal -> children & >60 yo
cranipharyngioma mainly presents with?
visual disturbanes due to compression of the optic chiasm (bitemporal hemianopsia)
craniopharyngioma can cause _____________ in children
growth retardation (low GH & hypopituitarism)
2 main types of craniopharyngioma?
adamantin o matous (children)
papillary (adults)
extra note: meaning of "adamantine"
firm zy diamonds, incapable of being broken
thussssssssssssssssssssssss calcification is common & there's some wet keratin that the papillary type lacks :o
adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma features
-calcification common
-cysts w/ cholesterol-rich yellowish material resembling machine oil (seen grossly)
-compact lamellar wet keratin (seen microscopically)
papillary cranipharyngioma features
-calcification uncommon
-lacks keratin
craniopharyngioma by definition is (benign/malignant)
benign
craniopharyngioma malignant transformation
SCCa (v rare tho; associated w/ irradiation)
lab 2
-------
islet cell tumour nuclei characteristics?
salt n pepper (similar to carcinoid)
normal adr gl
golden cortex
dark medulla
atrophic adrenals causes:
exogenous steroids (low ACTH)
addison's (chronic adr insuff.)
hypertrophic adrenals causes:
ACTH oversecretion ie cushing dz
adrenocortical carcinoma is dicovered at a(n) _______ stage? bc?
an advanced stage
retroperitoneal space permits great enlargement
note: an adenoma cannot enlarge as much
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