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Research Methods Chapter 5

Terms in this set (42)

Assignment at Random
Random assignment of subjects to experimental and control groups.
Causal Relationship
A connection between two entities that occurs because one produces, or brings about, the other with complete or great regularity.
Classical Experimental Design
An experiment with the random assignment of subjects to experimental and control groups with a pre-test and post-test for both groups.
Cohort
A group of people who all experience a significant event in roughly the same time frame.
Control Group
A group of subjects who do not receive the experimental treatment or test stimulus.
Cross-Sectional Design
A research design in which measurements of incurring differences in the independent variable are used to create quasi-experimental and quasi-control groups; extraneous factors are controlled for by statistical means.
Demand Characteristics
Aspects of the research situation that cause participants to guess the purpose or rationale of the study and adjust their behavior or opinions accordingly.
Experimental Effect
Effect, usually measured numerically, of the independent variable on the dependent variable.
Experimental Group
A group of subjects who receive the experimental treatment or test stimulus.
Experimental Mortality
A differential loss of subjects from experimental and control groups that affects the equivalency of groups; threat to internal validity.
Experimentation
A research design in which the researcher controls exposure to the test factor or independent variable, the assignment of subjects to groups, and the measurement of responses.
External Validity
The ability to generalize from one set of research findings to other situations.
Extraneous Factors
Factors besides the independent variable that may cause change in the dependent variable.
Factorial Design
Experimental design used to measure the effect of two or more independent variables singly and in combination.
Field Experiments
Experimental designs applied in a natural setting.
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