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Block 7 Toxicology

Terms in this set (45)

Nitrates: Source
Certain plants and weeds
Nitrates: Mechanism
Oxidizes ferrous iron (Fe2+) in hemoglobin to ferric iron (Fe3+), which is methemoglobin. This destroys the oxygen-carrying capacity
Nitrates: Lesion
Chocolate-colored blood and brownish cat to tissues
Nitrates: Clinical Signs
Weakness, ataxia, dyspnea, depression, tremors, collapse, sudden death
Nitrates: Treatment
Methylene blue
Ionophores: Source
Total Mixed Ration
Ionophores: Mechanism
Form lipid-soluble complexes with ions and transport ions across biologic membranes leading to functional damage to cells caused by ion imbalances
Ionophores: Lesion
Somewhat species dependent, but can include pale streaking of the ventricular myocardium, heart damage and skeletal muscle damage
Ionophores: Clinical Signs
Weakness, ataxia, tremors, stumbling, dyspnea, hypotension, sudden death
Ionophores: Treatment
Vitamin E and selenium to help minimize secondary oxidative tissue damage
Lead: Source
Weights, paints, solder, automotive batteries, etc
Lead: Mechanism
Binding of cellular and enzymatic sulfhydryl groups, competition with calcium ions, inhibition of membrane-associated enzymes, and alteration of vitamin B metabolism
Lead: Lesion
Non-specific degenerative changes in the nervous system and kidneys
Lead: Clinical Signs
Sudden death, CNS dysfunction, peripheral neuropathy, depression, muscle tremors, ataxia, seizures
Lead: Treatment
Ca-EDTA or succimer
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