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PT chapter 12

Terms in this set (57)

anthropometrics
body metrics/composition
where's the most dangerous place to carry fat
abdomen
why do fitness assesments
BASELINE...
1. to develop program from
2. to compare progress over time
3. to give objective feedback to clients
orthorexia
obsession with healthy eating
correct order for sequence of assessments
1. HRrest
2. BPrest
3. body composition
4. cardiovascular assessment
5. muscular fitness
6. flexibility
ergometer
stationary bike
beta blockers
can affect HRrest and HR response to exercise
**they're medication for high BP/HR and end in -olol
what type of HR is an excellent indicator of CRF
HRrecovery
why can't you take pulse on the carotid artery
due to baroreceptors in the neck that detect pressure and will affect the results
how do you measure HR
either on radial or brachial artery, manual palpation, count for 30 seconds multiply by 2
SBP
systolic blood pressure
what do your SBP and DBP do with exercise
SBP should increase
DBP should stay the same or slightly increase
what does SBP indicate
the overall functioning of the left ventricle and is an important indicator of CV function during exercise
hypertension
high SBP or DBP or both
140 or higher SBP and/or 90 or higher DBP
hypotension
abnormally low blood pressure
NO standard values for this
**s/sx are dizziness, lightheadedness, syncope
prehypertension
stage between normal and hypertension
120/80 and above
korotkoff sounds
sounds heard while taking the blood pressure
how many korotkoff sounds are there
five
what is the first korotkoff sound
phase 1 SBP: clear, repetitive tapping
what is the fifth korotkoff sound
phase 5 clinical DBP: complete disappearance of sound
body composition
relative proportion of fat and fat free tissue in the body- % body fat
why assess body composition
strong correlation between obesity and increased risk of chronic diseases like CAD, diabetes, HTN, CA
three body types
ectomorph, mesomorph, endomorph
5 ways to assess body composition
1. Ht and Wt
2. BMI
3. WHR
4. Skinfolds
5. BIA
what is the other name for BMI
quetelet's index
equation for BMI
weight(lbs)*703/height(in)^2
what is the best representation of body weight distribution
waist to hip ratio
waist
smallest circumference, typically 1 inch above navel
hip
largest circumference around buttocks above gluteal fold
WHR equation
waist circumference/ hip circumference
health risk for WHR
men > 0.95
women > 0.86
> 1.0 is a significant CVD risk
HIGH waist circumference risks
women > 35 in
men > 40 in
LOW waist circumference risks
women < 27.5 in
men < 31.5 in
skinfold measurement procedure
R side of body
firmly grasp skinfold site
use two fingers 3 in. apart
place calipers on skinfold, release grip
record 1-2 sec after releasing
measure each site twice
sum the average of each site
what is the name of three-site skinfold test
Jackson-pollock three-site skinfold test
where are the sites for the jackson-pollock test
men= chest, abdomen, thigh
women= triceps, supraillium, thigh
bioelectrical impedance (BIA)
measures total body water and uses calculations for % body fat using assumptions about hydration levels of individuals and the water content of tissues
pretest conditions for BIA
1. no eating/drinking w/in 4 hours of test
2. no exercise w/in 12 hours of test
3. urinate completely w/in 30 min of test
4. no alcohol w/in previous 48 hours of test
what does not following the pretest conditions do to the results?
invalidates the results and you have to redo the test
fat weight equation
body weight * (% body fat/100)
LBM equation
body weight - fat weight
ideal body weight equation
lean body mass / (1.0 - (desired % body fat/100))
cardiorespiratory fitness CRF
ability to perform large muscle, dynamic, moderate to high-intensity exercise for prolonged time
other 6 terms that mean cardiorespiratory fitness
1. maximal aerobic capacity
2. physical work capacity
3. CV endurance/fitness
4. functional capacity
5. VO2 max
6. cardiopulmonary fitness
cardiovascular assessment is used for...
exercise prescription
feedback and motivation
medical condition predictions
6 pretest conditions for CRF tests
1. no eating >4 hours
2. no strenuous exercise >24 hours
3. no caffeine ingestion >12-24 hours
4. no nicotine >3 hours
5. no alcohol >24 hours
6. medication considerations
three tests to estimate VO2 max
cooper 1.5 mile run test
rockport 1 mile walk test
queens college step test
cooper 1.5 mile run test
run as fast as possible for 1.5 miles, contraindication for beginners/those with heart diseases
queens college step test
step up/down on 16.25" step for 3 min, cadence varies for men/women, after the 3 min HRrecovery is immediately recorded on radial pulse for 15 secondsX4
lower body muscular strength assessment
1RM leg press: assesses quad strength
upper body muscular strength assessment
1RM bench press: assesses triceps, pec major, and anterior deltoid
muscular endurance assessment
pushup test
flexibility assessment
sit and reach test: assesses hamstrings, hips, lower back
how long is the average time for changes to be noticable
between 4-12 weeks
neural tension
when normal movement of nerves is limited, tightness in nerves, nerves "stick" instead of gliding between muscles
submaximal cycle ergometer test
astrand-rhyming test: 6 min submax exercise on stationary bike, plots client's HR response on nomogram
9 sites for skinfold measurements
1. Triceps: The back of the upper arm
2. Biceps: The front of the upper arm
3. Pectoral: the mid-chest, just forward of the armpit
4. Subscapular: Beneath the edge of the shoulder blade
5. Midaxilla: Midline of the side of the torso
6. Abdomen: Next to the belly button
7. Suprailiac: Just above the iliac crest of the hip bone
8. Quadriceps: Middle of the upper thigh
9. Medial calf: Medial side of upper calf
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