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EXPHYSII Quiz 2

Terms in this set (24)

muscular strength
max force muscle or MG can generate (1RM)
muscular endurance
ability to make repeated contractions against submax load
strength training
%gain inversely proportional to initial strength. high resistance (2-10RM) training: gain strength. low resistance training (20+ RM): gain endurance.
sarcopenia
loss of MM as age. decline in strength after 50
Loss of MM
loss both type I and type II fibers, loss of intramuscular fat and CT. NSAID use. reorganization and loss of motor units
progressive resistance training
hypertrophy and strength gains.
Anaerobic exercise
short duration. rectuis type I & II. 10 sec or less atp-pcr. 20-30 secs 80 % anaerobic, 20% provided aerobically
anaerobic training increases performance
4-10 weeks can increase peak anaerobic power by 3-28% across individuals.

sprint train: increase buffer capacity. hypertrophy of type II MF elecates enzymes in atp-pcr and glycolysis.
HHIT greater than 30 secs promotes
mito biogenesis
neural adaptations responsible for early gains in strength
initial 8-20 weeks
neural adaptations include:
increased recruit MU. altered motor neuron firing rates. enhanced motor unit synchronization. removal of neural inhibition
hyperplasia
increase in number
hypertrophy
enlarge both types of fibers. increase myofibrillar proteins, number of cross bridges, and ability to generate force
fast to slow shift in fiber type
IIx > IIa. small increases in type I. resistance training induced fast to slow shifts in fiber type are less prominent
resistance training improves antioxidant capacity in trained muscles
similar to endurance training increases in enzymatic activity.
primary signals
increase muscle stretch. promotes synth of phosphatidic acid and activation of the mTOR activator.
secondary signals
increase in phosphatidic acid and Rheb promotes mTOR activation which promotes protein synthesis.
responses to signals
hypertrophy due to increased myofibrillar proteins. increased number of myonuclei in each fiber. from satellite cells, increases myonuclei may be important to support muscle protein synthesis as fiber increases in size.
slow decrease in strenght in detraining
30 weeks 31% decrease. small changes in fiber size. due to nervous system changes.
retraining resulst in rapid regain of strength and muscle size
within 6 weeks after resuming training. maintain strength with reduced training for up to 12 weeks
potential for interference of adaptations
strength training increases muscle fiber size whereas endurance training does not. depend on intensity, volume, and fq of training.
Mechs for impairment of strength development: neural factors
impaired motor unit recruitment
impairment of strength development: low muscle glycogen content
due to successive bouts of endurance exercise
impairments of strength development: depressed protein synthesis
endurance trianing adaptations interfere with protein synthesis
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