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1.1: Principles of Government, 1.2 Types of Government, & 1.4 Basics of Democracy

Terms in this set (20)

Government
The institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies
Public policies
all of the many goals that a government pursues in all of the many areas of human affairs in which it is involved
Branches of government:
Legislative Branch, Executive Branch, Judicial Branch.
Legislative
The branch of government that makes laws (THE US CONGRESS)
Executive
enforces laws (PRESIDENT)
Judicial
interprets laws (SUPREME COURT)
Dictatorship
A form of government in which the leader has absolute power and authority.
Democracy (direct)
A form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives
Democracy (Representative)
a form of government in which power ultimately rests with the people, through elected representatives.
Autocracy
a system of government by one person with absolute power.
Oligarchy
A government ruled by a few powerful people
Unitary
A nation-state that has a centralized government and administration that exercises power equally over all parts of the state
Federal
A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments
Confederation
A joining of several groups for a common purpose.
Presidential
a system of government where the executive branch exists separately from a legislature (to which it is generally not accountable).
Parliamentary
a system of government where power lies with the legislative body and the leader of the country is part of the legislature
4 characteristics of a State
population, territory, sovereignty, government
Sovereign
a supreme ruler, especially a monarch.
John Locke
17th century English philosopher who opposed the Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property.
Free enterprise system
an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods
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