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Biology Chapter 6

Terms in this set (61)

How do you find the amount of protons in an atom? Neutrons? Electrons?
Protons: look at the atomic number
Neutrons: Take the mass number - the atomic number
Electrons: same amount of protons
What is a valence electron?
The electrons on the outer ring of an atom's electron cloud.
State the principal that states why there must be the same number of atoms of each element on each side of an equation
Law of Conservation of mass
Identify which number indicates the number of atoms of each element in a molecule of a substance.
subscripts
Minimum amount of energy required for reactants to form products
Activation energy
Substance that lowers energy needed to start a chemical reaction
catalyst
protein that is a biological catalyst
enzyme
molecule that binds to an enzyme
substrate
What are the horizontal rows and vertical columns in a periodic table called?
Horizontal: periods
Vertical: groups/families
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called _______________.
isotopes
a ______ is a substance formed when two or more different elements combine.
compound
What are the two main types of chemical bonds?
Covalent bonds and ionic bonds
What is a mixture?
a combination of 2 or more substances in which each substance retains its individual characteristics
Substances that release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water are called _____.
acids
The more _______________ a substance releases, the more acidic the solution becomes.
hydrogen ions
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