Science Chapter 1 Test

an electron beam creates an image
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Terms in this set (28)
an electron beam creates an image
How does magnification occur in an electron microscope?
nucleus
Which organelle is the control center of a cell?
are alive
Unlike Hooke, Leeuwenhoek observed cells that
many celled organisms
Specialized cells are found only in
osmosis
Which term refers to the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane?
speed up chemical reactions
Enzymes are important because they
to protect and support the cell
What is the function of a cell wall?
starches
Sugar molecules can combine with one another to form large molecules called...
cells
The invention of the microscope made it possible for people to discover...
element
A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler elements is a(n) _____.
ribosomesSmall grain-like bodies called _______ produce proteins inside cells.nucleic acidsDNA belongs to the group of organic compounds known as _______.compoundA light microscope that has two or more lenses is called a(n) _______ microscope.cellsA microscope allowed Hooke to see "tiny rectangular rooms," which he called ____.functionCells are the basic units of structure and _____ in living things.false, smallYou can see the cells in your body because most of them are very large.trueThe cell theory states that cells are produced from living cells.differentThe cells in a many-celled organism often have only one size and shape.false, chloroplastsOrganelles that use energy from sunlight to produce food are called mitochondria.false, passiveIn active transport, materials move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration through a cell membrane.Mitochondria use food to release energy and are found in both plant and animal cells. Chloroplasts use energy to produce food and are found in only plant cellsContrast mitochondria and chloroplasts.endoplasmic reticulum: transports proteinsIdentify structure C and describe its function.DNA is a nucleic acid that carries out the functions life. Enzyme a protein that speeds up the chemical reaction in a living thing. Fat a lipid that stores energy in cells. Sugar is a carbohydrate that produces energyState the function of each of the following: DNA, enzyme, fat, sugar. Classify each of them into the group of organic compounds to which they belong.I can tell that it is a plant cell because it contains a cell wall and has chloroplasts to which animal cells do not have.You are looking at the inside of a cell. Explain how you can tell whether the cell belongs to an animal or a plant.Water would move out of cell by osmosis causing them to shrink.Explain what would happen if some of the red blood cells were placed in beaker B. (very salty water)Water would move into the cells by osmosis causing the cells to swell.Explain what would happen if some of the red blood cells were placed in beaker A. (water with very little salt)Endocytosis is when the cell membrane changes its shape and engulfs the cell. Exocytosis allows particles to leave a cellDescribe the two methods of active transport.The cell is our basic unit of structure and function. We are all made up of cells. New human and bacteria cells only come from humans and bacteria cells.Use the three points of the cell theory to explain how humans and bacteria are similar.