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Ch 11 Genetics Vocbulist

Terms in this set (20)

Genetics
the study of heredity
Fertilization
Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell
Trait
specific characteristic of an individual
Hybrid
Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
Gene
a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.
allele
one of a number of different forms of a gene
principle of dominance
Mendel's second conclusion, which states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive
Segregation
Separation of alleles during gamete formation
Gamete
sex cell
Probability
likelihood that a particular event will occur
Homozygous
having two IDENTICAL alleles for a trait
Hetrozygous
having two DIFFERENT alleles for a trait
Phenotype
physical characteristics of an organism
Genotype
genetic makeup of an organism
Punnett Square
A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross
independent assortment
One of Mendel's principles that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes
incomplete dominance
Situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele
Codominance
A condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or recessive.
Multiple Alleles
three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait
Polygenic Traits
traits controlled by two or more genes
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