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N215 EXAM 2 MATERIAL

Terms in this set (280)

patent ductus arteriosus
ductus arteriosos doesn't close. common in premature infants (LGA, LBW). causes CHF, chronic lung disease, renal failure, intraventricular hemorrhage. foudn by hearing a heart murmur at upper left sternal border
Apgar scoring components
-Appearance: 0 (color) 1 (pale) 2(blue extremities) (pink)
-Pulse: 0 (not detectable) 1 (below 100) 2 (above 100)
-Grimace: 0 (no response) 1 (grimace) 2 (vigorous cry)
-Activity 0 (flaccid) 1 (some flexion) 2 (active extremity motion)
-Respiration: 0 (absent) 1 (slow, irregular) 2 (good, crying)

10 = excellent health
7-9 = good health
3-6 = fair (needs help to maintain life)
0-2 = NICU
LBW
low birth weight, ≤2500 g
VLBW
very low birth weight, ≤1500g
ELBW
extremely low birth weight, ≤1000g
LGA
large for gestational age, >90th percentile
AGA
appropriate for gestational age, 10th-90th percentile
SGA
small for gestational age <10th percentile
IUGR
intrauterine growth restriction - failure of a fetus to grow as expected. Related to SGA but not synonymous
Maternal prenatal risk factors
SES
demographic
maternal medical conditions
past pregnancy history
current pregnancy problems
Fetal prenatal risk factors
genetic disorders
congenital anomalies
ABO incompatibilities
Rh sensitization
toxic exposures
PIH
-Pregnancy induced hypertension
-BP >140/90
-frequently deliver prematurely
Babies of PIH mothers
-if mom has moderate to severe preeclampsia, baby may show evidence of IUGR
-may tolerate labor poorly and require resuscitation at birth
IDM
-infant of a diabetic mother
-congenital anomalies involve CNS, cardiac, vertebral, skeletal and renal systems/
-6-9% incidence compared with 2% incidence in general population
Infection: neonatal early onset
-clinical signs usually apparent in first 24 hrs of life
-90% of infants are symptomatic by 24 hours of age
-most common symptom: respiratory distress
-other symptoms: lethargy, temperature instability, poor perfusion, hypotension
-risk factors: maternal fever, chorioamnionitis, prolonged ROM (>18 hrs), prematurity (<37 wks), LBW
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