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PSY 300 Chapter 8

Terms in this set (16)

What is intermittent reinforcement? Give an example.
an arrangement in which a behavior is positively reinforced only occasionally rather than every time it occurs.
Example: Jan's problem solving behavior was not reinforced after every math problem she solved, but after a fixed number of problem-solving responses had occurred.
What is a response rate? Give an example.
refers to the number of instances a behavior occurred in a given period of time.
Example: John said a bad word 7 times within a 30 minute time period.
What is schedule of reinforcement? Give an example.
Rule of specifying which occurrences of a given behavior if any will be reinforced. Example: every time they go to the bathroom there's a reinforcement knowing they went on the toilet.
What is CRF? Example:
Operant extinction. Example: not always getting a good grade on a test.
What are four advantages of intermittent reinforcement for maintaining behavior?
1.the reinforcer remains effective longer because satiation take place more slowly.
2. Behavior that have been reinforced intermittently tends to take longer to extinguish.
3. Individuals work more constantly on certain intermittent schedules.
4. Behavior that has been reinforced intermittently is more like to persist after being transferred to reinforcers in natural environment.
What is an FR schedule? Give an example.
Reinforcer occurs each time a fixed number of responses of a particular type are emitted. Example: once doing 4 problems solved are reinforced you have to do 6 problems next to be reinforced.
What are three characteristic effects of an FR schedule?
1. Consistent response rate.
2.rate of responding increases
3.post reinforcement pause
What is ratio strain?
deterioration of responding from increasing an FR schedule too rapidly
What is a VR schedule? Give an example.
Reinforcer occurs after a certain number of a particle response, and the number of responses required for each reinforcer changes unpredictably from one reinforcer to the next. Example: 10 houses are called on every several of months meaning they don't have to call 10 it could be less but needs to happen by 10.
How is a VR schedule similar to an FR schedule?
They are both scheduled with a certain amount of numbers. VR maintain a higher resistance to extinction than FR schedules of the same amount.
What are three characteristic effects of a VR schedule?
1. Produce consistent response rate
2. Bigger the ratio higher the response rate
3. Post reinforcement pause
What is an FI schedule?
Reinforcer presented following the first instance of specific response after a FIXED PERIOD OF TIME
What is a VI schedule?
Reinforcer presented following the first instance of a specific response after an interval of time, length of interval changes unpredictably from one to the next.
Why are simple interval schedules not often used in training programs?
Simple interval requires continuous monitoring of behavior after each interval until response
What is a pitfall of intermittent reinforcement? Give an example.
Non continuous reinforcement could create bad behavior, example: child whines for attention parent ignores sometimes or reinforces her with praise so she stops.
Which schedules tend to produce higher resistance to extinction (RTE), the fixed or the variable schedules?
Variable schedule
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