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Writings of John Test 1

Terms in this set (139)

Outline of John
I. Prologue (1:1-18)
II. Book of Signs (1:19—12:50)
III. Book of Glory (13-20)
IV. Epilogue (21)
How is Jesus's first sign in the Fourth Gospel analogous to the heart of Jesus's proclamation in the Synoptic Gospels?
According to the Synoptic Gospels (e.g., Mark 1:14) the message Jesus proclaimed was the arrival of the kingdom of God in his ministry, death, and resurrection. Jesus's first sign in the 4G is a symbol of the abundance of blessing in the kingdom of God, as symbolized in the great volume of wine Jesus miraculously produced. Whereas in the Synoptics Jesus says the kingdom is coming, in the FG he shows it! ; focus on the realized eschatological- Kingdom is here!! And also eternal life is language used rather than Kingdom of God
List the seven "I am . . ." sayings of Jesus in the Gospel of John. Also provide the twofold significance or meaning of these seven sayings.
I. I am the bread of life
II. I am the light of the world
III. I am the door
IV. I am the good shepherd
V. I am the resurrection and the life
VI. I am the way and the truth and the life
VII. I am the true vine
Twofold significance of the seven "I am . . ." sayings: (a) In all seven sayings (with the exception of #7, in which Jesus identifies with Israel, the people of God) Jesus claims to possess the same privileges, prerogatives, or authority as Yahweh does in the OT. (b) In all seven sayings Jesus describes himself as the agent or means of eternal life/salvation.
List the seven signs Jesus performs in the Gospel of John
I. Turning water into wine at Cana (2)
II. Healing the royal official's son (4)
III. Healing the lame man (5)
IV. Feeding 5,000 (6)
V. Jesus's walking on the water and miraculous landing (6)
VI. Healing the blind man (9)
VII. Raising Lazarus from the dead (11
When Jesus compared circumcision on the Sabbath to healing the paralytic on the Sabbath, or when he compared God calling the Israelites "gods" to himself being called Son of God, what kind of rhetorical argument is he using?
The argument from lesser to greater—qal wahomer or a fortiori
The prologues acts as an ______ to the Gospel
overture
What is the overarching theme of the prologue?
The Logos is the revelation of God's glory, grace, and truth in incarnation.
What is the purpose of the Book of Signs?
Jesus reveals His identity through miraculous "signs"-- His purpose is for readers to believe in Jesus
What is a recurring theme in the Book of Signs?
Jesus's hour has/has not come_(2:4, 7:30, 8:20 has not come)/(12:23- has come).
What is John's purpose in the Book of Glory?
Motivate readers to believe in Jesus and the Father, receive the Holy Spirit, and love one another.
The Book of Glory narrates Jesus's ____________ through the _______
glorification, cross
John 20:30-31 reads like an original ____________ which states the _________ of the Gospel.
conclusion, purpose
What is the Epilogue of John's Gospel and what is its purpose?
Chapter 21, records Jesus' 3rd and final post-resurrection appearance to his disciples; Jesus reinstates Peter as shepherd of sheep; Closes with an affidavit concerning truthfulness of Beloved Disciple's testimony
Explain some different possible structures of the prologue (handout).
1) Chiastic- The pivot: Conferring of status "children of God" to believers in Jesus
2) Topical- The Problem: The statements about/by John are not well integrated, but are considered interpolations
3) Chronological- when is the incarnation first mentioned?
4) Diptych -- Parallel Structure (Dr. Anderson's view)
Logos:
Revealer of God- 1:1-5; 1:14
John: Witness to the Logos- 1:6-8; 1:15
Responses to the Logos- 1:9-13; 1:16-17
Conclusion 1:18
What are some possible backgrounds for Logos?
1) Stoicism- logos as rational principle governing the universe- divine permeated everything in universe
2) Hebrew Prophetic Tradition- Logos as divine revelation
3) Jewish Wisdom Tradition (most scholars today)- John's Logos may be compared to personified Wisdom
4) Philo: personal Logos
5) Jewish Targums (Memra, "Word")
**Greek readers may understand Logos
Explain some themes in John's prologue/Gospel (from handout).
Pre-existence of the Logos
Life
Light
Opposition of light and darkness
Witness of John
World
Knowledge
Children of God
Beholding his glory
The only Son (monogenes)
John 1:1-2 echoes the book of
Genesis (Word as God's agent of salvation)
What is a double entendre?
Has a double meaning
Ex. katalambanō
Who is "John" as referenced in John 1:6-8?
"Prophet sent from God" (v. 6)
Witness to testify to the Light (He wasn't the Light)
What are the responses to the Logos?
Rejection of the Light by "the world" and "his own" (v. 10-11)
Those who receive him, "Children of God" (v. 12-13)
What is exousia?
Means power, right - John 1:12- "physical and mental power; the ability or strength with which one is endued, which he either possesses or exercises"
When John says that the Word became flesh and tabernacled among them, what would OT event would this bring his readers back to?
Wilderness in OT
Tabernacle the physical location of God's presence with Israel
John contrasts the ____ of Moses with the _____ and _____ in Jesus Christ
law, grace, truth
God's only Son is _______ related to God and, thus, _____ God/makes God _____
intimately, reveals, known
Divine revelation in the Word shine in ______ and _____
Creation, Redemption
Divine revelation in the Word is _________ in its reach
universal
Monogenes
-"only begotten"- begetting present in co-text
-The term is monogenēs ("only"), not monogennētos ("only begotten")
-or "only, unique, only son"- referring to relationship status- D. Moody - support of standard Lexica, John emphasizes Jesus's uniqueness
-More difficult reading "Only God"?
Older Alexandrian readings (including the
earliest for John [p 66 and p 75], as well as
a B): "God"; Wide support among Byzantines: "Son"- scribes are likely to alter a difficult reading to make it more intelligible: the difficult reading is more likely original
-F. J. A. Hort (Two Dissertations) argues for a lexical symmetry: the Logos is called "God" (1:1), then "the only One" (1:14), and finally both: "the unique One, God" (1:18); Inclusio1 and 1:18): both speak of Jesus Christ as God's expression and God intimately related to God
John uses a _____motif , beginning with his reference to "testimony" in 1:19 (Uses interview terminology
Uses forensic terms of affirmation/denial- repetition)
trial
Prominence of sending "language"
Comparison between John and the priests/Levites/Pharisees
Who does John deny to be?
the Christ, Elijah (even though depicted in Elijah-like terms in Synoptics and is viewed as forerunner of Messiah; John humbly rejects this exalted title but Jesus bestows it on him- maybe he wasn't fully aware of his own role), the Prophet (Prophet like Moses)
John's positive witness fuels _________ for the One coming after
anticipation
What are the possible interpretations of Jesus as the "Lamb of God"?
-Apocalyptic Lamb: warrior who will slay Israel's enemies and establish God's Kingdom-- God's vengeance on sin (but this is a different word for lamb than in apolocalystic literature like Revelation
-Suffering Servant: Lamb that sacrifices self for sin
-Paschal Lamb: Passover Lamb
Who is the first evangelist in the Gospel of John (who tells Simon about the Messiah)?
Andrew
What does Messiah (Messias- transliteration of Hebrew, only used in John 1:41 and 4:25) mean?
"Anointed one"
Why might Nathanael have said, "Can anything good come from Nazareth"?
Poor reputation of Nazareth?
In Galilee?
Bit of a slight on Jesus?
Note: John doesn't write about Bethlehem
F.F. Bruce says that Jesus identifies Nathanael as....
"All Israel and no Jacob"
Explain John's use of the double amen.
Affirmation, really, really true
What Messianic/Christological titles does Nathanael use to describe Jesus?
Rabbi, Son of God, King of Israel
How is Jesus connected with Jacob's ladder?
Jesus is the "stairway to heaven" (brings people to God) and new Bethel ("house of God"- God is there). What Jacob saw in a dream, Nathanael will see in person (1:51)
What is true faith as opposed to "signs faith"?
True faith is not just believing in signs but trusting Jesus and committing your life to Him
What are the titles used for Jesus in John 1:
Word (Logos)
God
Life
Light
One and Only (or Only Begotten)
Lamb of God
Chosen One of God (or Son of God)
Rabbi
Messiah
Son of God
King of Israel
Song of Man
2:1-4:54 demonstrate Jesus's fulfillment of ________ __________ _______ and begins and ends with Jesus at _______ (1st and 2nd signs)
Old Testament Institutions, Cana
What does the 3rd day mean in John 2?
-Simple timestamp: 2 days after encounter with Nathanael, 3rd day of feast
-6th day (of creation?)
"One the third day" (symbol of Jesus's resurrection)
What is the theological significance of weddings?
Symbol of advent of age to come, great eschatological banquet
Where is Nathanael from?
Cana
What is the significance of the wine running out?
Causes loss of face and shame
Jesus's address to his mother is not ______.
impolite
What does Jesus mean when He says, "My hour has not yet come"? What is "his hour"?
It means that his time to be crucified is not near yet. And his hour means the hour in which he dies
What is the significance of the number six when referring to the water jars?
Number of incompleteness
What were the stone water jars used for?
Purification- could hold 20 or 30 gals
What does wine symbolize?
Joy, future hope, and abundance, coming of Kingdom of God
Wedding banquet points to eschatological banquet
What is Jesus's first sign?
Turning water into wine
What are different views of the placement of the temple clearing in John vs. Synoptics?
1) Before 1900's: 2 clearings of temple
--How could Jesus get away with this more than once?
--Very similar, appear to be talking about same even
2) 1900's and beyond- different positioning of story for literary and theological (not historical) purposes
--Ancient biographers often organized material topically
--Did Synoptics or John place in historically??
--Spring AD 26/27- 46 yrs from Herod's reconstruction of temple
"Zeal for your house will consume me" what does consume mean here?
completely overtaking a person or Kill, destroy, Prophecy about Jesus's death
Jews ask for authenticating ____; disciples remember and ______ after Jesus's resurrection
sign, believe
What Greek word did Jesus use when he says "Destroy this temple, and I will raise it again in three days"?
Egeirō: raise up rather than build
What different expressions for "temple" are used in John 2:13-22
"Temple" (hieron; 2:14, 15)- whole complex or temple proper
"House" (oikos; 2:16, 17)- Father's house
"Temple" or "sanctuary" (naos; 2:19, 20, 21)- whole temple complex, temple proper, or innermost sanctuary of a temple (Holy of Holies)
Jesus IS the Temple- the House of God who connects Heaven and Earth
What is the significance of Nicodemus coming to Jesus at night?
So people won't see
Spiritual darkness
The Kingdom of God is called ____ ____ in John
eternal life
What could it mean to be "born of water and Spirit"?
-Baptism in water by John and in Spirit by Jesus
-Christian water baptism and spiritual rebirth (cf. Ezek. 36:25)
-Natural birth and spiritual rebirth
-Spiritual birth alone indicated by double metaphor
What are the sacraments (vs. ordinances)?
God's action in us by His Spirit
What is the connection between water and Spirit baptism?
Outward sign- water
Inward sign- regeneration -- most important part- receiving Holy Spirit
What is the typology of being "lifted up"
Moses in OT lifting up snake to save people
In John, references Jesus's crucifixion which will bring eternal life to the people
Light and darkness represent....
Judgment and salvation
Repentance- turning from darkness to light
Jesus is later depicted as the ________ and John as friend of the ________
bridegroom (connected with praise of bridegroom at Cana)
It was a ____ _____ for Jesus to go through Samaria
divine necessity (God's will)
Whose well does Jesus rest at
Jacob's (another allusion to Jacob (cf. 1:49,51))
Scene of woman at well is a type scene of what?
Betrothal/well scenes - discovery of bride in foreign land (incl. Travel, encounter at well, dialogue about water, return/report, and invitation to meal/betrothal)
Represents God's covenant relationship with His people (including Samaritans!!!)
Jesus's actions fly in the face of what 3 social barriers:
Sexual (isolation of women from men)
Ethnic (impurity of Samaritans for Jews)
Ethical/religious (loose morals)
who is the 1st evangelist in public ministry in John?
Samaritan Woman
What is Jesus referring to when He uses the expression "living water"
Baptism in the Spirit (Expression can also mean fresh "running water")
Many Samaritans believe because of woman's testimony and accurately confess that Jesus is ....
"truly the Savior of the world!" (v. 42)
What is analepsis
flashback (ex. In 4:46, there is an analepsis when referring to Cana (cf. 2:1))
what is the 2nd sign (takes place at Cana)?
healing of official's son (at distance)
Life is found through ______ in Logos
belief
What is Jesus's third sign
Healing of Paralytic
Why do the Jewish leaders criticize the former-paralyzed man for breaking the Sabbath?
Carrying his mat
What is the story of the healing of the paralytic really about?
Jesus and opposition to Jesus
How does God work on the Sabbath?
Brings life- babies are born
Executes judgment -People die
The Son is __ __________of the Father who teaches Him everything He needs to do
an apprentice
How does Jesus defend Himself in front of the Jewish leaders?
Authority from Father to give life because has life in Himself (aseity) - is GOD (Presently - realized eschatology and at resurrection-
Also has authority to execute judgement- future eschatology)
What are the witnesses to Jesus?
Leading to condemnation of those who choose not to believe (John the Baptist -accusatory tone, Jesus's "works" (miracles/signs), God the Father, Scriptures, Moses - accusing witness)
What is the only miracle Jesus performs that is recorded in all 4 Gospels?
Feeding of the 5000
What is Jesus's 4th sign?
Feeding of the 5000
Why do the crowds want to make Jesus king?
want Him to be King of Israel and to free from Roman oppression
What is the 5th sign in John?
Jesus walking on water (also miraculous landing "immediately the boast reached the shore)
What are the 3 interpretations of ego eimi- what Jesus tells disciples when comes to them on water?
+predicate "I am..."; "It is I."; "I AM" absolute
Jewish background to walking on water
Job- God walking on sea, can also be attributed to wisdom in Exodus/Psalm- leads to fear, (Jesus is the embodiment of the God who walks on the water whose name is I AM)
Belief is a work ___ ______
of God
In ch.6, Jesus's discourse is set up as a ________ _______
synagogue sermon
Who gave their ancestors manna from Heaven?
the Father (not Moses)
what is the first I Am statement in John?
I am the bread of life
T/F there are duplicate bread of life discourses
T
Which bread of life discourse uses sacramental language?
2nd
John 6:69 is _______'s confession in John
Peter
Jesus's _______ want Jesus to prove that He is Messiah by doing signs and wonders publicly at the Festival of Booths
brothers
What is the Festival of Booths/Tabernacles?
commemorates time in wilderness, live in temporary dwellings
what is a qal wahomer?
lesser --> greater argument (lit. "light and heavy")
Jesus's qal wahomer argument includes which law/practice that superseded the Sabbath?
circumcision (if can circumcise, why not heal whole body)
Believers receive the Spirit once Jesus is ______
glorified
the crowds are called amhaeretz - which means...
"people of the land" (cultural Jews)
what is the evidence that John 7:53-8:11 is not original to John?
not in earliest MSS; diversity of placement; contains non-Johannine vocab, interrupts story line
What is Jesus's seconds I am statement in John?
I am the light of the world.
Jesus's association with light is connected with what ceremony in the Feast of Tabernacles?
lamp-lighting ceremony
What statement of Jesus provokes the Jews to want to kill Him in 8:58?
"Before Abraham was, I am" (absolute I AM)
significance of name Pool of Siloam
means "sent" (blind man is sent- testifies to Light and identifies with Jesus)
the formerly blind man grows in His __________ of who Jesus is
understanding (called Jesus, prophet, from God, Son of Man)
what is paroimua?
figure of speech, riddle
what is the OT backdrop for Shepherd discourse?
Ezekiel 34
those who came before Jesus (lestes) are...
malefactors/bandits/insurrectionists/Messianic pretenders? (sacrificing people)
Jesus contrasts His role with that of the _____ in the Shepherd discourse
thief (who comes to steal, kill, and destroy; Jesus comes so that they may have life- eternal life)
Abundant life in Jesus is ....
eternal life
Jesus as Good Shepherd is contrasted with hireling in 2 ways...
1) lays down life for sheep
2) cares for sheep and does not run away when sees wolf
What does exousia mean?
authority
Jesus has authority to lay down his _____ and take it up again
life
What is the Feast of Dedication (Hanukkah)?
Commemoration of Judas Maccabeus's liberation of Jewish nation and re-dedication of the temple (after Antiochus IV Epiphanes desecrated temple)
Jesus's passion replaces the Feast of _______ (in the winter- season of death)
Dedication
Jesus's opponents want Him to claim to be the _______ so that they will have grounds to kill Him
Messiah
Jesus's ____ are testimony- stepping stone to further faith
works
Jesus claims to be ___ with the Father
one (and the Jews try to stone Him again)
Jesus is the ___ ______ that the Father has dedicated ("sanctified")
New Temple
Jesus challenges His opponents to believe His ____
works
Mary is described __________ in story of Lazarus
proleptically (pre-view/foreshadowing of annointing)
Lazarus is described as the one who Jesus "____"
loves (phileo)
In Jewish tradition that soul of deceased lives _ days so on _th day, there is no hope of resuscitation
3, 4
Who consoles Mary and Martha?
"the Jews"
When Jesus speaks Christologically, Martha speaks from _________ ________ (later confesses Christological truth)
Jewish eschatology
Jesus reacts to the grief He sees by...
anger (embrimaomai- deep anger in spirit- likely about effects of death include own impeding death) and grief (edakrusen- "Jesus burst into tears")
grave clothes and tomb of Lazarus foreshadow....
Jesus's death and resurrection
Caiaphas utters a _____ ______
profound prophecy (he thought better for Jesus to die than for Rome to destroy Israel, in John, means Jesus dies for Jews - to give eternal life- and for "scattered children of God")
When did Jewish leaders plot to kill Jesus?
after raising of Lazarus
13:1-19:42 is a series of scenes that deal with about a _____-__ period of time
24-hr
Mary anoints Jesus for His ____
burial
Jesus's and disciples to not go up early for ________ before Passover (cf. Num 9:1-14)
purification (cf. John 15- purified/cleansed by Word)
How much was the perfume worth?
about 300 Denarii- almost a year's wage
People want to see Jesus and _________
Lazarus
Jesus responds to the ______ in Triumphal entry
crowd
there are some ______ who want to see Jesus in ch. 12
Greeks
Jesus does not meet the Jews' _______ ______
messianic expectations (own ppl reject Him b/c don't understand glory; Jesus will die; want freedom from Rome; they think they know where He is from)
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