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bacterial diseases study guide

Terms in this set (47)

what role does keratin play in your skin?
keratin is waterproof protein
how does sweat help protect your body from pathogens
it lowers the skin pH and increases salinity, which can inhibit some pathogens
Your skin has a __________ pH
acidic
scalded skin syndrome is caused by a toxin called __________ made by this bacteria: ____________
exotoxins; S. Aureus
The causitive agent of scarlet fever is _________. The strain that produces the disease is unique in that it _____________
S. pyogenes; been infected by a temperate phage that allows them to produce erythrogenic toxin
Impetigo is one example of a ____________ infection, one that produces pus.
pyoderma
The two most likely bacterial culprits in acne are __________________ and ___________________
S. aureus; Propionibacerium acnes
The thick crusty scab that occurs over burns in severly affected burn victims is called ___________
eschar
Burn patients often die from opportunistic nonsocomial infections which means
...
Prostatitis is caused mostly by __________________ and can lead to sterility in males.
E. coli
When UTI's spread back to the kidney, it is called _____________ and often requires IV antibiotics
Pyelonephritis
some bacterial (or viral) infections lead to an autoimmune condition of the kidney called ______________ that can lead to permanent damage
glomerulonephritis
Leptospirosis is a spirochete urogenital disease passed via animal _________
urine
toxic shock syndrome is caused by particular strains of ____________
S. aureus
What STI is caused by an intrcellular diplococcus that often remains asymptomatic?
Gonorrhea
The causitive agent of syphilis is ________ which is a spirochete.
Treponema pallidum
Syphilis can be passed through the placenta to an unborn child. T or F
True
The most common bacterial STD in the United States is _______________
chlamydia trachomatis
What is trachoma?
bacterial infection of the eye. Chlamydia can be passed to newborn and cause blindness
The cilia that help move microbes up and out of your lungs are part of the _____________
mucociliary escalator
The _______________ respitory tract does contain normal microflora but a healthy _____________ respiratory tract should be sterile
upper; lower
A sore throat is better known to geeky science types as _________________ and can often be caused by what common bacterium?
pharyngitis; streptococcus
While sore throats can be irritating and inconvenient, ______________ can block the airway and even cause death
epiglottitis
The causitive agent of diptheria is _______________. The hallmark of this disease is the formation of ____________ that can block the airway.
corynebacterium diptheriae; pseudomembranes
pertussis is more commonly known as _________________ in humans and ___________________ in dogs and is caused by ____________
whooping cough; kennel cough; bordatella pertussis
What are the 4 stages of pertussis (whooping cough)
-catarrhal stage: fever, sneezing, vomiting, cuogh
-paroxymal stage: mucus and bacteria build up, violent coughing
-cyanosis stage: bluing of skin caused by lack of oxygen
-convalescent stage: after 1-6 weeks
The leading cause of death due to an infectious agent in America is _____________
pneumonia
_________________ pneumonia affects only particular lobes of the lung, it is usually a _______________ infection and is characterized by fibrin deposits in the lung.
lobar; primary
_____________________ pneumonia is often a secondary infection that spreads from the bronchi to the ___________ of the lung and is particularly prevalent in what two segments of the population? _______________ and _____________
bronchial; alveoli; newborns and elderly
"walking pneumonia" is caused by ________________. It is slow growing and therefor not usually dangerous, but can take weeks to grow colonies or get better.
mycoplasma pneumoniae
Legionella pneumophila causes _________________. It can sperad through air conditioning vents or through the water supply if the bacteria infect ___________ that are present in the water
legionnaires disease; amoebas
The species of tuberculosis most common as an opportunistic infection in HIV patients is __________________
Mycobacterium
The characteristic "cream cheesy" centers of granulomas in the lungs of TB patients are called ____________ necrosis
caseous?
The spread of TB to other organs outside of the lungs is termed _______________ tuberculosis
miliary
What lymphoid tissue protects the small intestine from infection?
peyer patches
the main role of the large intestine is to ________________________ but it is a busy place, with 800 species of normal flora present
reabsorb water
The microflora of the last 1/4 of the small intestine are obligate aerobes. T or F
False, they are also facultative
Tooth decay is due to ________________ released by the bacteria that colonize your mouth
acid waste
once you have cholera you'll be immune to it for the rest of your life. T or F
False, immunity is only temporary
The genus of the causitive agent of Asiatic cholera is
vibrio cholera
The hemorrhagic strain of E. Coli responsible for food poisoning is ____________________
0157:H7
Many peptic ulcers have been shown to be caused by _________________________ and can sometimes be treated with courses of antibiotics
helicobacteria pylori
The vaccine for childhood meningitis specifically prevents infections with what organisms?
haemophilus influenza
What disease can be transmitted trough improperly processed milk, cheese, and meat?
listeriosis
Hansen's disease is more commonly known as ________________________ and is caused by what bacterium
leprosy;myobacterium leprae
The causitive agent of tetanus is ___________________ clostridium tetani. It is an obligate ______________ that typically only causes problems in deep puncture wounds
clostridium tetani; anaerobe
The most potent toxin known to man is __________________ an is made by what organism? _____________. It can be acquired in babies that eat __________
botulism; clostridium botulinum; honey
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