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P3 QUIZ 3 Gas pressure particle model of matter, P3 Quiz 2 Heat and energy particle model of matter, P3 QUIZ 1 Density, particle model and energy, P3 QUIZ 4 particle model formulae

Terms in this set (30)

What happens as you increase the pressure of a gas?
the average speed (kinetic energy) of its particles increases.
How do colliding gas particles create pressure? (2)
1 They bang into each other and anything else in the way
2 When they collide they exert a force on an area and so create pressure
what is one way of increasing the speed of gas particles?
Increasing temperature
Pressure and volume are inversely proportional, what does his mean?
-When volume goes up, pressure goes down
-When pressure goes up, volume goes down
Why does pressure decrease when volume increases? (2)
because it means the gas particles will be more spread out and so hit the walls of the container less often.
How can an increase in pressure cause an increase in volume?
A increase in pressure will cause the container to expand, due to the overall force increasing.
How do you calculate change in thermal energy?
mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change
What is specific heat capacity?
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 °C.
When there is change in state why is mass conserved?
because the number of particles doesn't change, they're just arranged differently.
Why are there flat parts on a heating/ cooling graph?
Because when a substance is condensing or freezing bonds form between particles which release energy so the internal energy decreases but the temperature doesn't go down until all the substance has changed state.
What is 'specific latent heat'
The amount of energy needed to change 1kg of a substance from one state to another without changing its temperature.
what is the formula for specific latent heat?
L = E / m (Thermal energy gain J / mass kg)
What is density?
a measure of compactness (amount of mass in a volume)
What is the formula for density?
m = mass
d= density
v= volume
what are particles in a dense material like?
tightly packed
What would happen if you compressed a material? (2)
The particles would move closer together and become more dense.
How do particles have energy in their kinetic and potential energy stores?
Kinetic energy stores- particles vibrating and moving around
potential energy stores- due to distance between them
what is the internal energy of a system? (2)
The total energy that it's particles have in their kinetic and potential energy stores.
What happens to a substance if you heat the substance without changing state? (6)
Temperature increases
Particles gain kinetic energy
Particles move further apart and gain potential energy
Internal energy increases
Substance expands (volume increases)
Mass remains same
Density decreases
Describe the particles in a solid (3)
regular rows/ layers, all touching, vibrating in fixed positions
Describe the particles in a liquid (3)
random arrangement, free moving, all touching
Describe the particles in a gas (3)
random, fast moving, not touching
Why are gases less dense than solids?
particles are spread out so a small mass in a large volume
What happens to density as you increase the internal energy?
density decreases because the particles move further apart but the mass remains constant
Pressure
P = F/A (force in N / area in metres squared )
How to calculate energy to freeze/melt
E = mL (m=mass kg) (L= latenet heat fusion)
How to calculate energy to evaporate/ condense
E = mL (m=mass kg) (L= latent heat vaporisation)
What happens when a substance melts? (6)
Solid becomes a liquid.
Temperature doesn't change.
Kinetic energy stays same
Particles separate.
Potential energy increases.
Internal energy increases.
What happens when a substance boils? (6)
Liquid becomes gas.
Temperature doesn't change.
Kinetic energy stays same
Particles spread apart.
Potential energy increases.
Internal energy increases.
What is potential energy?
Energy gain by particles as they move further apart. The further apart the greater the potential energy.
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