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NXLEX PHARM

Terms in this set (162)

ANTIHISTAMINES
These drugs counteract effects of histamine and act to block most of histamine effects.


USE: for Seasonal Allergies, allergy to drugs & blood products.

MEDS: Benadryl, Claritin & Zyterc
ANTIHISTAMINES
A/R: are drowsiness & sedation, anticholinergic effects (drying). Dizziness, disturbed coordination, skin rash & uticatia.

MEDS: Benadryl, Claritin & Zyterc
DECONGESTANTS
These drugs are used to reduce swelling of nasal passage by vasoconstriction.

USE: for any kind of nasal congestion.

MED: Neo-synephrine, Afrin & Sudafed
DECONGESTANTS
A/R are nasal burning, stinging & dryness. Tachycardia, arrhythmias, nervousness, restlessness, agitation & picking of skin to produce lesions.

MED: Neo-synephrine, Afrin & Sudafed
DECONGESTANTS
S/I: Do not administer to children under age 12.

MED: Neo-synephrine, Afrin & Sudafed
SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUGS (Bronchodilator)
These drugs allow airway to be open to allow more air into lungs.

USE: Primarily for reversible airway obstruction caused by bronchospasm.

MEDS: Adrenalin (epinephrine), Brethine (terbutaline), Ventolin (albuterol) & Serevent (Salmeterol)
SYMPATHOMEMITEC DRUGS (bronchodilator)
A/R of this bronchodilator are: restlessness, jittery, tachycardia, palpitations. Anxiety, increased blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmias, insomnia.

MED: Adrenalin (epinephrine), Brethine (terbutaline), Ventolin (albuterol) & Serevent (Salmeterol)
XANTHINE DERIVATIVES (bronchodilator)
These bronchodilators act to dilate the bronchi by direct relaxation of smooth muscles.

USE: for sympatomatic relief and prevention of bronchial asthmas and bronchospasm.

MED: Theophyline (Theo-24 & Theo-dur), Aminophylline (Phyllocontin)
XANTHINE DERIVATIVES (bronchodilator)
S/E of this bronchodilator are: Restlessness, tachycardia, increased respirations. Nausea, vomiting (when level above 20), tremors, headache, fever HYPERGLYCEMIA, ECG changes.

MED: Theophyline (Theo-24 & Theo-dur), Aminophylline (Phyllocontin)
THEOPHYLLINE
S/I for this drug: must get blood level drawn . Should be between 10-20. Used for sympatopmatic relief of, prevention of bronchial asthmas and bronchospasm.
CORTICOSTEROIDS
These drugs decrease inflammation of the airways.

USE: for asthma & rhinitis.

MEDS: beclomethasone (Beclovent) & triamcincolone (Asmacort)
CORTICOSTEROIDS
A/R of these drugs are: Throat irritation, cough, hoarseness, FUNGAL INFECTION OF THE MOUTH (THRUSH), headache, vertigo.

MEDS: beclomethasone (Beclovent) & triamcincolone (Asmacort)
CORTICOSTEROIDS
S/I for these drugs are: Rinse mouth after using inhaler.

MEDS: beclomethasone (Beclovent) & triamcincolone (Asmacort)
Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists
These drugs decrease bronchoconstriction in response to infalmmatory response (bronco restrictive substance that is released in presence of an allergic reaction).

USE: for Chronic Asthmatics.

MED: montelukast sodium (Singulair), zafirlukast (Accolate) & zileuton (Syflo)
LEUKOTRIENE RECEPTOR ANTAGOISTS
S/E of these drugs are headache, dizziness, nausea, respiratory, flue like symptoms. Vomiting, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, myalgia, pain & fever.

MED: montelukast sodium (Singulair), zafirlukast (Accolate) & zileuton (Syflo)
MAST CELL STABILIZERS
These drugs prevent mast cells from releasing histamines. Stabilize mast cell membrane, preventing release of inflammatory mediators.

USE: Combine with other meds for asthma treatment.

MEDS: cromolyn (Intal)
MAST CELL STABILIZERS
S/E: Nausea, headache, dizziness, hypotension, fatigue, unpleasant taste.

MED: cromolyn (Intal)
MAST CELL STABILIZERS
S/I: Must be reconstituted with water. Administer 1/2 hours before meals and HS (bed time).

USE: Combine with other meds for asthma treatment.

MED: cromolyn (Intal)
ANTITUSSIVES
These drugs depress cough center in medulla or by anesthetizing stretch receptors in respiratory tract.

USE: to relieve a nonproductive cough.

MEDS: Codeine Sulfate (narcotic based), Bensonatate (Tessalon Perles), Dextromethorphan (Robitussin)
ANTITUSSIVES
A/R: Sedation, dizziness, GI upset, nausea, vomiting, constipation (narcotics are extremely constipating).

MED: Codeine Sulfate (narcotic based), Bensonatate (Tessalon Perles), Dextromethorphan (Robitussin)
MUCOLYTICS
These drugs reduce viscosity of respiratory secretions by direct actions on the mucus.

USE: as part of treatment of bronchopulmonary diseases.

MED: acetylcystein (Mucomyst)
MUCOLYTICS
A/R: stomatitis (inflammation of mouth), Nausea, drowsiness, vomiting, bronchospasm, headache, dizziness, rash.

MED: acetylcystein (Mucomyst)
EXPECTORANTS
these drugs are used to help raise secretions. Increase production of respiratory secretions, which decreases the viscosity of the mucus.

USE: to help raise secretions.

MED: guaifenesin (Tussin)
EXPECTORANTS
A/R: Stomatitis, nausea, drowsiness, vomiting, bronchospasm, headach, dizziness, rash.

MED: guaifenesin (Tussin)
CARDIOTONICS
These drugs increase cardiac output & increase the force of contractions.

USE: Heart failure & atrial fibrillation.

MED: digoxin (Lanoxin)
CARDIOTONICS
S/E Arrhythmia, nausea, vomiting & anorexia. Headache, drowsiness, visual disburbances. CAUTION: VERY NARROW MARGIN OF SAFETY.

MED: digoxin (Lanoxin)
CARDIOTONICS
S/I: Apical pulse prior to administration, do not give if pulse 60 or below. Dig level & therapeutic range should be 0.5 - 2.0.

MED: digoxin (Lanoxin)
0.5-2.0
Digoxin level therapeutic range:
<60
Do not give Digoxin if apical pulse is what?
ANTIHYPERTENSIVE
these drugs lower blood pressure.

USE: to treat hypertension.

MEDS: Metoprolol (Loprossor), atenolol (Tenormin), carvedilol (Coreg), dilitiazem (Cardizem), amlopidine (Norvasc), hydralazine (Apresoline)
ANTIHYPERTENSIVE
A/R: hypOtension, Orthostatic hypotension, fatigue, headache. Dizziness tachycardia, anorexia, constipation, abdominal pain, nausea, rash, PROETNIURIA, NEUTROPENIA, respiratory like infections.

MED: Metoprolol (Loprossor), atenolol (Tenormin), carvedilol (Coreg), dilitiazem (Cardizem), amlopidine (Norvasc), hydralazine (Apresoline)
ANTIHYPERTENSIVE
S/I: Prior to admin, take BP, same arm as last reading.

MED: Metoprolol (Loprossor), atenolol (Tenormin), carvedilol (Coreg), dilitiazem (Cardizem), amlopidine (Norvasc), hydralazine (Apresoline)
ANTICOAGULANTS
These drugs interfere with clotting mechanism of blood.

USE: to treat or prevent thrombosis in venous system, Post Op and MI's.

MED: wafarin sodium (Coumadin), heparin, enoxaparin sodium (Lovenox)
ANTICOAGULANTS
A/R: Bleeding, thrombocytopenia, dizziness, fatigue, chills, fever. N & V. Alopecia, urticaria, abdominal cramping, diarrhea, rash, HEPATITIS, jaundice.

MED: wafarin sodium (Coumadin), heparin, enoxaparin sodium (Lovenox)
Coumadin
S/I Must obtain lab value prior to giving this drug (PT/INR)
2-3
INR on coumadin should be:
90-140
PTT on Heparin should be
Vitamin K
Antagonist for Coumadin (wafarin sodium)
Protamine sulfate
Antagonist for heparin
ANTIPLATELETS
These drugs are used to decrease the platelet aggregation in the blood (sticking or clumping of platelets). Used when at risk for heart attacks or strokes.

USE: to PREVENT thrombus in the arterial system.

MED: clopidogrel (plavix), ticlopidine (Ticlid)
ANTIPLATELETS
A/R: bleeding, heart palpitations, headache, dizziness, N & V, constipation, dyspepsia.

MEDS: clopidogrel (plavix), ticlopidine (Ticlid)
ANTIPLATELETS
S/I: Soft toothbrush, electric razor, risk for falls. Used when at risk for heart attacks or strokes.

MEDS: clopidogrel (plavix), ticlopidine (Ticlid)
THROMBOLYTICS
These drugs dissolve blood clots THAT HAVE FORMED. Used to dissolve blood clots.

MEDS: Streptokinase (Thrombolytics end in "ase")
THROMBOLYTICS
A/R: Minor/major bleeding.

S/I. Soft toothbrush, electric razor, risk for falls

MED: Streptokinase
DIURETICS
These drugs increase urine secretion by the kidneys, removal of excess water from the body.

USES: Fluid retention, hypertension, renal disease, glaucoma.

MED: forosemide (Lasiz), bumetanide (Bumex), torsemide (Diamox), mannitol (Osmitrol), spironoloctone (Aldactone, chlorothiazide (Diruil)
DIURETICS
A/R: imbalance of electyrolytes, causing neuromuscular and cadiovascular (potassium) cramping. N & V.

MED: forosemide (Lasiz), bumetanide (Bumex), torsemide (Diamox), mannitol (Osmitrol), spironoloctone (Aldactone, chlorothiazide (Diruil)
SULFONAMIDES
These drugs are a bacteriostatic: inhibits growth of bacteria.

USE: Treat UTI's.

MEDS: timethoprim (Bactrim, Septra), silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene - also used to treat burns)
SULFONAMIDES
A/R: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, crystalluria (crystals in urine). Thrombocytopenia, Aplastic Anemia, Leukopenia.

MED: timethoprim (Bactrim, Septra), silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene - also used to treat burns)
SULFONAMIDES
S/I: must be given on empty stomach (1 hr before or 2 hrs after meals).

MED: timethoprim (Bactrim, Septra), silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene - also used to treat burns)
PENICILLINS
These drugs are a bacterial resistant, broad spectrum.

USE: Treament of bacterial infections contracted along w/viral infections. Before & after surgical procedures.

MEDS: amoxicillin (Amoxil), penicillin G (Pfizerpen), penicillin G benzathine (bicillin), ticarcillin & clavulanate potassium (Timetin).
PENICILLINS
A/R: Superinfections, superbug, pseudomembranous colitis (C-diff). Thrombocytopenia, aplastic anemia, Leukopenia. Hypersensitivity reactions: rash, hives, puritis, bronchospasm, anaphayltic shock.

MED: amoxicillin (Amoxil), penicillin G (Pfizerpen), penicillin G benzathine (bicillin), ticarcillin & clavulanate potassium (Timetin).
PENICILLINS
S/I: Must be given on empty stomach 1 hr before or 2 hours after meals).

MED: amoxicillin (Amoxil), penicillin G (Pfizerpen), penicillin G benzathine (bicillin), ticarcillin & clavulanate potassium (Timetin).
CEPHALOSPORINS (Antibiotic)
These antibiotics are used as broader spectrum bactericidal (kills bacteria). Used when Penicillin doesn't work.

USE: tonsilitis, Otitis Media, Lower Respiratory Infections, Septicemia.

MED: cefadroxil (Duricef), cephelaxin (Keflex), cefaclor (Ceclor), ceftriazone (Rocephin).
CEPHALOSPORINS (Antibiotic)
A/R: hypersensitivity reactions, nephrotoxicity, pain & inflammation at injection site. NOTE: MORE PREDISPOSED TO ALLERGIC REACTION IF ALLERGIC TO PENICILLINS. Used when Penicillin doesn't work.

MED: cefadroxil (Duricef), cephelaxin (Keflex), cefaclor (Ceclor), ceftriazone (Rocephin).
CEPHALOSPORINS (Antibiotic)
S/I: Must be given on empty stomach 1 hr before or 2 hours after meals. Used when Penicillin doesn't work.

MED: cefadroxil (Duricef), cephelaxin (Keflex), cefaclor (Ceclor), ceftriazone (Rocephin).
ANTIVIRALS
These drugs interfere w/viruses ability to reproduce.

USE: for HSV (herpes simplex virus), CMV (cyto megalo virus), RSV (Respiratory virus), HIV.

MEDS: acyclovir (Zovirax), forscarnet (Foscavir), gancicovir (Sytovene - HIV), zidovudine (retorvir - HIV), ribavirn (virozole, Valtrax (cold sores)
ANTIVIRALS
A/R: GI upset, NVD.

MED: acyclovir (Zovirax), forscarnet (Foscavir), gancicovir (Sytovene - HIV), zidovudine (retorvir - HIV), ribavirn (virozole, Valtrax (cold sores)
HSV-1
Cold sores above the waist
HSV-2
General Herpes (below the waist)
ANTIRETROVIRALS
These drugs target RNA portion of a virus. Inhibits reproduction of RNA.

USE: Drugs that target AIDS, targets specific cycle, slows down progression of disease. Usually part of multi-therapy called "Cocktails".

MED: delavirdine (Rescriptor), nevirapine (Viramune), zidovudine (Tetrovir)
ANTIRETROVIRALS
A/R: GI (NVD), altered taste, circumoral tingling/numbness.

MED: delavirdine (Rescriptor), nevirapine (Viramune), zidovudine (Tetrovir)
ANTIRETROVIRALS
S/I: Small frequent meals; get base-line lesion description on skin, sterile gloves, wash hands, avoid crowds.

MED: delavirdine (Rescriptor), nevirapine (Viramune), zidovudine (Tetrovir)
ANALGESICS
This category of non-opiod drugs is used for pain relief
ANTIPYRECTICS
This category of non-opiod drugs is used to reduce fever
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY
This category of non-opiod drugs is used to reduce inflammations.
SALICYLATES
these drugs are an analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory. Inhibit prostglandins & dilate peripheral blood vessles.

USE: Treat fever, pain & inflammation & chest pain.

MED: aspirin (Bayer), buffered aspirin (Ascriptin) & sodium salicylate
SALICYLATES
A/R: _______ poisoning, tinnitus (ringing in ear).

S/I do not give to PT with bleeding tendencies.

MED: aspirin (Bayer), buffered aspirin (Ascriptin) & sodium salicylate
NONSALICYLATES
These drugs are a analgesic (pain relief) and Antipyretic (fever reducer).

USE: Pain relief & lower fever.

MED: acetaminophen (Tylenol, Tempra).
NONSALICYLATES
A/R Hepatoxicity (liver), Pancytopenia (all cellular components reduced).

MED: acetaminophen (Tylenol, Tempra).
NSAIDS (Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)
These drugs are an analgesic (pain), antipyretic (fever) & Anti-inflammatory.

USE: Moderate to severe pain & dysmenura.

MED: celecoxib (Celebrex), ketoralac (Toradol), rofecosib (Vioxx), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), oxaprozin (Daypro), naproxen (Aleve)
NSAIDS (Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)
A/R: GI upset (GI bleed); N/V, Diarrhea. Harsh on GI system.

MED: celecoxib (Celebrex), ketoralac (Toradol), rofecosib (Vioxx), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), oxaprozin (Daypro), naproxen (Aleve)
NSAIDS (Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)
S/I Always with food or milk.

MED: celecoxib (Celebrex), ketoralac (Toradol), rofecosib (Vioxx), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), oxaprozin (Daypro), naproxen (Aleve)
OPIOID ANALGESICS
These drugs are narcotic pain relievers.

USE: treament of pain, support anesthesia & adjunct to conscious sedation.

MED: fentanyl transdermal (Durgesic patch), meperidine (Demoral), morphine sulfate (MS Contin), hydromorphone (Dilaudid), Codeine, Methadone, Propoxyphene (Darvon), Nalbuphine (Naubain)
OPIOID ANALGESICS
A/R: Respiratory depression & constipation.

MED: fentanyl transdermal (Durgesic patch), meperidine (Demoral), morphine sulfate (MS Contin), hydromorphone (Dilaudid), Codeine, Methadone, Propoxyphene (Darvon), Nalbuphine (Naubain)
OPIOID ANALGESICS
S/I: Respiratory rate, do not administer below 10. Check rate, depth & rhythm.

MED: fentanyl transdermal (Durgesic patch), meperidine (Demoral), morphine sulfate (MS Contin), hydromorphone (Dilaudid), Codeine, Methadone, Propoxyphene (Darvon), Nalbuphine (Naubain)
10
Do not give Opioid Analgesics if respiratory rate is below what number?
OPIOID ANTAGONISTS
These drugs reverse effects of opioids (1-2 minutes after admin).

USE: Respiratory depression, overdose. NOTE: if you reverse respiratory Depression, pain will return.

MED: naloxone (Narcan), Naltrexone (ReVia).
OPIOID ANTAGONISTS
A/R: Abrupt reversal of narcotic depression will cause return of pain.

MED: naloxone (Narcan), Naltrexone (ReVia).
OPIOID ANTAGONISTS
S/I: Reintroduce opioids at low doses. Monitor Respiratory system.

MED: naloxone (Narcan), Naltrexone (ReVia).
TOPICAL ANTIBIOTICS
These drugs exert bactericidal effect on organisms.

USE: Skin infections, prevent infections in cuts & treat acne.

MED: (Most end in "Cin") bacitracin (Baciquent), gentamicin (G-myticin), erythromycin (Emgel)
TOPICAL ANTIBIOTICS
A/R: Skin rash or itching, urticaria (hives), irritation, redness.

MED: (Most end in "Cin") bacitracin (Baciquent), gentamicin (G-myticin), erythromycin (Emgel)
TOPICAL ANTIBIOTICS
S/I: Stay within borders of lesion when applying. Follow prescribed frequency. Inspect lesion prior to next application.

MED: (Most end in "Cin") bacitracin (Baciquent), gentamicin (G-myticin), erythromycin (Emgel)
TOPICAL ANTIFUNGALS
These drugs inhibit fungal growth.

USE: Fungal infections (athletes foot, yeast infections, etc).

MED: amphotericin B (Fungozone), Miconazole (Micatin), Cliclopirox (Lorpox).
TOPICAL ANTIFUNGALS
A/R: skin rash and or itching, urticaria (hives) irritation, redness.

MED: amphotericin B (Fungozone), Miconazole (Micatin), Cliclopirox (Lorpox).
TOPICAL ANTIFUNGALS
S/I: Stay within borders of lesion when applying. Follow prescribed frequency. Inspect lesion prior to next application.

MED: amphotericin B (Fungozone), Miconazole (Micatin), Cliclopirox (Lorpox).
TOPICAL ANTIVIRALS
These drugs inhibit viral replication.

USE: Herpes Simple Complex 1 or 2.

MEDS: acyclovir (Zovirax), Penciclovir (Denavir).
TOPICAL ANTIVIRALS
A/R: skin rash and or itching, urticaria (hives) irritation, redness.

S/I: Stay within borders of lesion.

MED: acyclovir (Zovirax), Penciclovir (Denavir).
TOPICAL ANTISEPTICS & GERMICIDES
These drugs will determine how much superficial bacteria you get off skin. Duration: longer comes in contact w/skin, greater amount of germs come off skin.

USE: Surgical scrubs, general hand-washing.

MED: chlorhexidine gluconate (Hibiclens), hexachlorophene (pHisoHex), povicone-iodine (Betadine)
TOPICAL ANTISEPTICS & GERMICIDES
A/R: Skin rash. Note: do not use Purell for ultra invasive procedures.

MED: chlorhexidine gluconate (Hibiclens), hexachlorophene (pHisoHex), povicone-iodine (Betadine)
TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROIDS
These drugs decrease inflammation, localized anit-inflammatory effect.

USE: Rashes, eczema, insect bites.

MED: amcinonide (Cylocort), Hydrocortisone (Cort-Dome), Fluocinolone acetonide (Flurosyn).
TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROIDS
A/R: If comes in contact w/good skin; local irritation, itching, burning, redness & dryness.

MED: amcinonide (Cylocort), Hydrocortisone (Cort-Dome), Fluocinolone acetonide (Flurosyn).
TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROIDS
These drugs are used for: Antipsoriatic (treat psoriasis), Topical Enzyme (wound debridement), Keratolytics (Wart removal & chemical debridement) and Topical Anethetics (Pain relief)
ANTACIDS
These drugs neutralize or reduce acidity.

USE: GERD & heartburn.

MED: aluminum hydroxide gel (Amphojel -constipate), Magnesia (Milk of Magnesia -diarrhea), magaldrate (Riopan).
ANTACIDS
A/R: diarrhea, constipation.

S/I: DO NOT GIVE with any other drugs or within 2 hours of taking other drugs. 1-2 hours after meals.

MED: aluminum hydroxide gel (Amphojel -constipate), Magnesia (Milk of Magnesia-diarrhea), magaldrate (Riopan).
HISTAMINE2 ANTAGONISTS
These drugs reduce gastric acid by inhibiting action of histamine. Blocks histamine, which reduces acid - no histamines - no secretions).

USE: duodenal ulcer, gastric hyper-secretory conditions, GERD.

MED: All end in "dine". cimetidine (Tagamet), ranitidine (Zantac), famatidine (Pepcid).
HISTAMINE2 ANTAGONISTS
A/R: Dizziness, somnolence (sleepy) headache.

MED: All end in "dine"). cimetidine (Tagamet), ranitidine (Zantac), famatidine (Pepcid).
HISTAMINE2 ANTAGONISTS
S/I: Do not give with any other drugs or within 2 hours of taking other drugs. 1-2 hours after meals.

MED: All end in "dine"). cimetidine (Tagamet), ranitidine (Zantac), famatidine (Pepcid).
PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS
These drugs supress enzyme called AT pase (without ATpase - do not have gastric secretions).

USE: hypyloric bacteria (H Pyloric).

MED: esomeprazole magnesium (Nexium), omeprazole (Prilosec), Pantoprazole sodium (Protonix).
PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS
A/R: Headache, Nausea, Diarrhea.

MED: esomeprazole magnesium (Nexium), omeprazole (Prilosec), Pantoprazole sodium (Protonix).
ANTICHOLINERGICS
These drugs decrease amount of acid secretion (dry out).

USE: Peptic ulcer.

MED: propantheline (Pro-Banthine), glycopyrrolate (Robinul)
ANTICHOLINERGICS
A/R: dry mouth, blurred vision.

S/I Give ice.

MED: propantheline (Pro-Banthine), glycopyrrolate (Robinul)
GASTROINTESTINAL STIMULANTS
These drugs increase motility of upper GI tract.

USE: Give for gastric stasis (to move food).

MED: metoclopramide (Reglan), dexpanthenol (Ilopan)
GASTROINTESTINAL STIMULANTS
A/R: parkinson-like tremors, drowsiness, dizziness, depression.

S/I: Give ice.

MED: metoclopramide (Reglan), dexpanthenol (Ilopan)
ANTIEMETICS
These drugs treat nausea & vomiting. Inhibits the CTZ and the brain's neurotransmitters.

USE: Treat nausea & vomiting.

MED: prochloperazine HCL (Compazine), promethazine HCL (Phenergan)
ANTIEMITICS
A/R: Drowsiness.

MED: prochloperazine HCL (Compazine), promethazine HCL (Phenergan)
EMETICS
These drugs induce vomiting.

USE: empty stomach rapidly after ingestion of a poison or drug overdose.

MED: Syrup of Ipecac
EMETICS
A/R: Danger of aspiration of vomitis.

S/I: do not give unless: client fully conscious, orders from doctor. Do not give is Client is convulsing or if substance is corrosive.

MED: Syrup of Ipecac
SCAPALOMINE
This emetic is usually on a transdermal patch, relieves motion sickness. Take one hour before travel.
AMINOSALICYLATES
These drugs are aspirin like meds with anti-inflammatory action on inflammatory bowels.

USE: Ulcerative colitis; chrohn's disease; infalmmatory bowel problems.

MED: sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
AMINOSALICYLATES
A/R: abdominal pain, nausea & diarrhea.

MED: sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
ANTIDIARRHEAL
These drugs decrease intestinal peristalsis.

USE: Diarrhea

MED: diphenozylate with atropine (Lomotil), loperamide (Imodium A-D)
ANTIDIARRHEAL
A/R: abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting & constipation. NOTE: atropine based = opioids feeling and is habit forming.

MED: diphenozylate with atropine (Lomotil), loperamide (Imodium A-D)
ANTIDIARRHEAL
S/I: give after every episode of diarrhea.

MED: diphenozylate with atropine (Lomotil), loperamide (Imodium A-D)
ANTIFLATULENTS
These drugs have a defoaming action.

USE: treat or relief of excess gas.

MED: simethicone (Mylicon, Gas-X)
ANTIFLATULENTS
A/R: None.

S/I: Take after each meal and at bedtime.

MED: simethicone (Mylicon, Gas-X)
LAXATIVES
These drugs provide short-term relief or prevention of constipation.

USE: short term relief or prevention of contipation.

MED: magnesium preparations (Milk of Magnesia), sennosides (Senokot), psyllium (Metamucil), docustate doeium (Colace).
LAXATIVES
A/R: abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, nausea & vomiting.

MED: magnesium preparations (Milk of Magnesia), sennosides (Senokot), psyllium (Metamucil), docustate doeium (Colace).
LAXATIVES
S/I: Monitor for fluid volume deficit (loosing electrolytes). Mineral oil bases can be given on empty stomach.

MED: magnesium preparations (Milk of Magnesia), sennosides (Senokot), psyllium (Metamucil), docustate doeium (Colace).
LACTULOSE
This drug reduces ammonia in blood & used for hepatic encephalopathy secondary to cirrhosis
ANDRENERGICS
These drugs act to mimic the activity of the sympathetic nervous system (speed up or relax the CNS).

USE: hypovolemic shock, control superficial bleeding, cardiac arrest.

MED: dopamine (Intropin - IV), epinephrine (Adrenaline), norepinephrine (Lovophed (IV), Isoproterenol (Isuprel)
MIDODRINE
This drug is used to treat orthosttic hypOtension.
MIDODRINE
A/R: Fatal reaction - supine hypertension.

S/I: head of bed must remain elevated. Cannot be given within 4 hours of bed time.

What med?
ANTICONVULSANTS
These drugs reduce excitability in brain neurons.

USE: treat seizure disorders.

MED: phenytoin sodium (dilantin), Phenobarbital, ethosuzimide (Zarontin), clonasepam (Klonoprin), carbamazepine (Tegretol), gabapentin (Neurontin)
ANTICONVULSANTS
A/R Gingival hyperplasia, drowsiness, ataxia (defective muscular coordination), nystagmus, blood dycrasia, pink, red urine.

MED: phenytoin sodium (dilantin), Phenobarbital, ethosuzimide (Zarontin), clonasepam (Klonoprin), carbamazepine (Tegretol), gabapentin (Neurontin)
ANTICONVULSANTS
S/I: Always give at same time of day to maintain therapeutic level. Use soft tooth brush. Do NOT omit or stop abruptly.

MED: phenytoin sodium (dilantin), Phenobarbital, ethosuzimide (Zarontin), clonasepam (Klonoprin), carbamazepine (Tegretol), gabapentin (Neurontin)
DILANTIN & TEGRETOL
These two anticonvulsants are used for traumatic brain injuries
BISPHOSPHONATES
These drugs are used for bone resporption (density).

USE: Osteoporosis, hypercalcemia, Pagets.

MEDS: (all end in "dronate") alendronate sodium (Foxamax), iandronate (Boniva) risedronate sodium (Actonel)
BISPHOSPHONATES
A/R: bone pain because of calcium going into bone. Nausea, diarrhea, headache, dysphagia, abdominal pain.

MEDS: (all end in "dronate") alendronate sodium (Foxamax), iandronate (Boniva) risedronate sodium (Actonel)
Pagets
this is a bone softening disease. Treated with Bisphosphonates
ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUGS
These drugs decrease the body's autoimmune response.

USE: Rheumatoid arthritis.

MED: adalimumab (Humira), hydroxchloriquine sulfate (Plaquenil)
ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUGS
A/R: Nausea, alopecia, stomatitis.

MED: adalimumab (Humira), hydroxchloriquine sulfate (Plaquenil)
URIC ACID INHIITOR
These drugs decrease uric acid levels and urate crystals.

USE: Gout.

MED: allopurinol (Zyloprim - top drug), probenecid (Benemid), sulfinpyrazone (Anturane)
URIC ACID INHIITOR
A/R: Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache. Note: anti-purine diet, no shellfish, organ meats, etc.

MEDS: Allopurinol (Zyloprim) probenecid (Benemid), sulfinopyrazone (anturane)
MUSCLE RELAXANTS
These drugs are used for relaxation of musculature for relief (so it can heal).

USE: Muscle strains, back pain.

MED: carisoprodol (Soma), baclofen (Lioresal), cyclobenzaprine HCL (Flexeril), methocarbamol (Robaxin), diazepam (Valium)
MUSCLE RELAXANTS
A/R: Drowsiness, sedation, sleepiness.

MED: carisoprodol (Soma), baclofen (Lioresal), cyclobenzaprine HCL (Flexeril), methocarbamol (Robaxin), diazepam (Valium)
MUSCLE RELAXANTS
S/I: Give when in bed to elderly. Monitor level of consciousness, Monitor pain level.

MED: carisoprodol (Soma), baclofen (Lioresal), cyclobenzaprine HCL (Flexeril), methocarbamol (Robaxin), diazepam (Valium)
OTICS
These drugs are for the ears. Pain relief, decongestant, inflammation, analgesic, ear wax removal.

USE: Relieves pain, treats infection & inflammation, aid in ear wax removal.

MED: benzocaine, Hydrocortisone, Antipyrine, phenylephrine, glycerin, carbamide peroxide.
OTICS
A/R: temporary changes in hearing or feeling of fullness.

MED: benzocaine, Hydrocortisone, Antipyrine, phenylephrine, glycerin, carbamide peroxide.
OTICS
S/I: Warm solution in bottle in hands. Give with ear pointing up, keep head tilted 2-3 minutes. If more than one drug being used, give 5-15 minutes apart.

MED: benzocaine, Hydrocortisone, Antipyrine, phenylephrine, glycerin, carbamide peroxide.
OPTHALMICS
these drugs are used to treat various eye disorders, lower ocular pressure (glaucoma) & treat infection or allergies.

MED: betaxolol (Betoptic), timolol (Timoptic), tetahdrozoline (Murine), pilocarpine HCL (Isopto Carpine)
OPTHALMICS
A/R: burning, stinging, blurred vision.

MED: betaxolol (Betoptic), timolol (Timoptic), tetahdrozoline (Murine), pilocarpine HCL (Isopto Carpine)
OPTHALMICS
S/I: Goes in lower conjuctival sack on adults (always). If more than one drug is being used, administer 5-10 minutes apart. Wear sunglasses if eyes are being dilated.

MED: betaxolol (Betoptic), timolol (Timoptic)_, tetahdrozoine (Murine), pilocarpine HCL (Isopto Carpine)
SEDATIVE
These drugs make patient drowsy but does not put patient to sleep, usually given in daytime.

USE: Pre-op meds, consious sedation (able to follow commands but not able to have conversation).

MED: pentobar bital sodium (Nembutal), triazolam (Halcion - nursing homes)
SEDATIVE
A/R: Respiratory depression, drowsiness. Note: Older adults require smaller dose because of greater risk to develop over-sedation, confusion & ataxia (involuntary muscle control).

MED: pentobar bital sodium (Nembutal), triazolam (Halcion - nursing homes)
SEDATIVES
S/I: Assess for discomfort, optimal response, safety, monitor respiratory status, short term.

MED: pentobar bital sodium (Nembutal), triazolam (Halcion - nursing homes)
HYPNOTICS
these drugs make patient fall & stay asleep. (sleeping pill).

USE: insomnia, seizures.

MED: flurazepam (Dalmane), secobarbital sodium (Seconal), zolpidem (ambien)
HYPNOTICS
A/R: Respiratory depression, drowsiness. NOTE: older adults require smaller dose.

MED: flurazepam (Dalmane), secobarbital sodium (Seconal), zolpidem (ambien)
SEDATIVES
S/I: cut off 10PM - no later. Assess for discomfort, optimal response, safety, monitor respiratory status, short term.


MED: flurazepam (Dalmane), secobarbital sodium (Seconal), zolpidem (ambien)
ANTIANXIETY
These drugs are used to manage anxiety disorders & for short term treatment of anxiety symptoms.

USE: Panic attacks, anxiety disorders, muscle relaxation, seizures, pre-anesthetic sedation, alcohol withdrawal.

MED: alproxolam (Xanax), lorasepam (Ativan), diasepam (Valium), busprione (BuSpar) hydroxyzine (Vistral)
ANTIANXIETY
A/R: Early: drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness, headache. Later: Lethargy, apathy, fatigue, Anger Psychosis (irrational).

MED: alproxolam (Xanax), lorasepam (Ativan), diasepam (Valium), busprione (BuSpar) hydroxyzine (Vistral)
ANTIANXIETY
S/I: do not abruptly take off these drugs. Take as prescribed.

MED: alproxolam (Xanax), lorasepam (Ativan), diasepam (Valium), busprione (BuSpar) hydroxyzine (Vistral)
MALE HORMONES
These drugs are androgens, anabolic steroids, androgen inhibitor. Androgens for delayed development of secondary sex characteristics.

USE: Delayed delopment of secondary sex characteristics, promote weight gain. Control metastic breast cancer in women & treat BPH.

MED: testerone gel (Androgel-grow hair - trunk use), oxymetholone (Anadrol - 50), finasteride (Proscar)
MALE HORMONES
A/R: Male: gynecomastia, testicular atrophy, impotence. Female: virilization, menstrual irregularities. All: Lethargy, apathy, fantigue, anger, psychosis (irrational) Roid Rage

MED: testerone gel (Androgel-grow hair - trunk use), oxymetholone (Anadrol - 50), finasteride (Proscar)
MALE HORMONES
S/I: daily weights, I/O, monitor for edema. MED: testerone gel (Androgel-grow hair - trunk use), oxymetholone (Anadrol - 50), finasteride (Proscar)
FEMALE HORMONES
These drugs are used for contraception, hormone replacement therapy, vasomotor symptoms of menopause (hot flashes), treatment of osteoporosis, palliative care in prostatic carcinoma.

MED: conjugated estrogens (Premarin), estradiol (Estrace), estradioil transdermal (Fem Patch), megestrol acetate (Megace), medroxoprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera).
FEMALE HORMONES
A/R: Headache, migraine, dizziness, mental depression, breakthrough bleeding, spotting, weight gain/loss, strokes & blood clots.

MED: testerone gel (Androgel-grow hair - trunk use), oxymetholone (Anadrol - 50), finasteride (Proscar)
ANTIDIABETICS
These drugs help glucose to enter the cells.

USE: type 1 (insulin dependent) and type 2 (non insulin dependent) diabetes.

MED: insulin lispro (humalog), Insulin injection regular (Humulin R (Rapid/regular), isophane insuline suspension (Humulin N), extended insulin zinc suspension (Humulin U)
ANTIDIABETICS
A/R: hypOglycemia (low blood sugar), HypErglycemia (high blood sugar) Normal 80-120.

MED: insulin lispro (humalog), Insulin injection regular (Humulin R (Rapid/regular), isophane insuline suspension (Humulin N), extended insulin zinc suspension (Humulin U)
ANTIDIABETICS
S/I: Never give insulin w/out another nurse dbl checking vial & med Make sure if more than 1 type of insulin, they are compatible to give at same time. Dbl check, Vial, Syringe & Order.
ANTINEOPLASTICS
These drugs work by killing "all" cells that rapidly proliferate.

USE: treatment of malignant diseases (cancer) for cure, control or palliative care.

MED: chlorambucil (leukeran), doxorubicin (Adriamycin) methotrexate, conjugated estrogens, paxlitaxel (Taxol), testolactone (Teslac), megestrol (Megace)
ANTINEOPLASTICS
A/R: Bone marrow supression, decreases RBC (fatigue), decreased WBC(infection), decreases platelets (bleeding), Nausea & vomiting.

MED: chlorambucil (leukeran), doxorubicin (Adriamycin) methotrexate, conjugated estrogens, paxlitaxel (Taxol), testolactone (Teslac), megestrol (Megace)
ANTINEOPLASTICS
S/I: Antimetics BEFORE, during & after chemo "loading". Monitor for bleeding, fatigue & infection.


MED: chlorambucil (leukeran), doxorubicin (Adriamycin) methotrexate, conjugated estrogens, paxlitaxel (Taxol), testolactone (Teslac), megestrol (Megace)
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...