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anatomy chapter 8

Terms in this set (30)

articulations helps are body to
move, walk, sit and perform all body movements
articulations are going to occur when
2 or more bones meet
articulations can be contacted directly or separated by _,_, and_
fluid, cartilage, fibrous tissue
extremely strong joints that has no movement
synarthrosis
what are the 3 types of synarthrosis?
fibrous, cartilaginous, and bony fusion
there are 2 types of fibrous in the synarthrosis
suters (edges of bones that interlock through connective fibers such as the skull) and gomphosis (binds to the boney sockets)
cartilaginous in the synarthosis
synchondrosis (rigid, cartilaginous bridge btwn 2 articulating bones)
boney fusion in the synarthosis
synostosis (2 bones fuse and the boundary line btwn them disappears)
What are the 2 types of amphiarthrosis?
fibrous and cartilagineous
fibrous in the amphiarthrosis
syndesmosis (bones are connected by a ligament)
cartilaginous in the amphiarthrosis
symphysis (articulating bones are separated by a wedge or pad of fibrous cartilage)
more movement than a synathrosis and bones are connected by collagen fiber or cartilage
amphiarthrosis
diathrosis is also known as the _ and permits _ range of motion
synovial joint , wide
components of the synovial joints include
joint capsule, synovial membrane, articular cartilage and the joint cavity synovial fluid.
accessory structures of a knee joint
bursa (pockets filled with synovial fluid and reduces friction and acts as a shock absorber), fat pad (made up adipocytes and are there so that there is a filler when bone changes shape and moves , meniscus(pads of fibrous cartilage and can subdivide synovial cavity; adjusts to movement and restricts movement at the joint), extracapsular ligament (patellar, extra meaning outside), intracapsular ligament (cruciate, intra meaning in btwn 2 bones)
functions of synovial fluid
provide lubrication to make sure there is no friction from one another, nourish the condrocytes that is present in the articular cartilages and shock absorber
ligaments connects
bone to bone
tendons connects
muscles to bones
the stronger in strength the _
less mobile
the weaker in strength the
more mobile
factors affecting mobility
shape of articulating surfaces, types/quantity of accessory structures, tension in tendons
types of movement
linear, angular, circumduction, rotation, and special movements
gliding vertically away from original position
linear movement (clavicle w/ the sternum)
one end is going to be stationary while the the other end moves and changes the angle btwn
angular movement (abduction and adduction movements/flexion and extension)
type of angular motion where one end remains stationary while the other can make a complete circle
circumduction
one end remains stationary and the angle does not change but spins around the same axis
rotation (head & arm & elbow (supination and pronation))
what are some of the special movements?
inversion/eversion, dorsiflexion/plantar flexion, lateral flexion, protraction/retraction, opposition (thumb to pinky only), depression/elevation
examples of monoaxial
(movement in 1 plane) elbow and ankle
examples of biaxial
(movement in 2 planes) ribs and wrist
examples of triaxial
(movement in 3 planes) shoulder and hip
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