Upgrade to remove ads
Only $2.99/month

Exercise Physiology

Terms in this set (38)

The force of a muscle contraction transmits from the:
Muscle to its connective tissue harness to the tendons which pulls on the bone
Increases in muscle fiber size is due to:
Hypertrophy of the muscle cells
Which of the following is a fine layer of connective tissue that wraps each muscle fiber and SEPERATES it from neighboring fibers?
Endomysium
John's systolic blood pressure increased when he ran up the hill. Which receptors were most likely activated?
Baroreceptors
The physiologic mechanism whereby an electrical discharge at the muscle initiates chemical event at the cell surface, releasing intracellular Ca2+ and ultimately causing muscle action is called:
Excitation-Contraction Coupling
Which of the following statements regarding blood flow during exercise in NOT true?
The nerves that innervate the blood vessels going toward the muscles are afferent
Which long, slender, multinucleated structures lie parallel to each other, with the force of action directed along the structures long axis?
Muscle fibers & Muscle cells
Which of the following is not a characteristic of tendons?
The tendon connects only one end of the muscle to the skeleton
Which of following statements regarding the neuromuscular junction is true?
One axon may innervate many muscle fibers
Which is the aqueous protoplasm that contains enzymes, fat and glycogen particles, nuclei that contain the genes, mitochondria, and other specialized organelles?
Sarcoplasm
Which of the following is not true of the sarcoplasmic reticulum?
-It provides structural integrity to the cell
-It releases calcium
-It reabsorbs calcium after contraction
-It stores calcium
All of the above are true of the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Which of the following is not a type of protein found in muscle?
-Myosin
-Tropomyosin
-Actin
-Myoglobin
All the above are proteins found in muscle
Which of the following statements is not true regarding muscle contractions?
Stronger muscles have muscle fiber:muscle length ratios of close to 1:1
The following statements are true regarding muscle contractions:
-Stronger muscles tend to generate more power.
-Stronger muscles tend to have more actin-myosin myofilaments.
-Stronger muscles often have hypertrophied with training
Which of these consists of the basic repeating unit between two Z lines and makes up the functional unit of the skeletal muscle?
Sarcomere
Which of the following filaments contains twisted chains bound by tropomyosin polypeptide chains?
Actin
Voluntary muscle actions exhibit four main components, list them in the proper order of nervous system hierarchy, from start to finish
1--Neuromuscular junction
2—Somatic Nerve
3--Brain
4--Muscle fiber
3,2,1,4
-Brain
-Somatic nerve
-Neuromuscular junction
-Muscle fiber
Which of the following is a correct statement about the sliding-filament model of muscle contraction?
A muscle shortens or lengthens because the thick and thin filaments slide past each other.
The interface between the end of a myelinated motor neuron and a muscle fiber is called
Neuromuscular junction
Water makes up approximately ___% of skeletal muscle.
75
What chemical released at the NMJ provides the stimulus to activate muscle contraction?
Acetylcholine
Which of the following is a characteristic of Type IIX muscle fibers?
Rapid Ca2+ release and uptake by the sarcoplamic reticulum
The force of muscle action increases from slight to maximal via:
Increase number of motor units recruited
Which area of the brain serves as the motor control center providing "fine tuning" for all forms of muscular activity?
Cerebellum
Which organ controls metabolic rate?
Hypothalamus
The following neurons are contained in the spinal cord:
-Motor neurons
-Sensory neurons
-Interneurons
-Afferent neurons
Motor units classify into 3 types depending on speed of muscle action, force generated and fatigability. Which of the following does not belong?
Slow twitch, high force, fast fatigue
Peripheral sensory nerve endings serve as specialized receptors that detect both conscious and subconscious sensory information. The "conscious" receptors show sensitivity to which of the following?
hot & cold
Choose the answer that describes the functional units of the skeletal muscle from smallest unit to largest unit. (1, sarcomere; 2, muscle fiber; 3, myofibrils).
1, 3, 2
-sarcomere
-myofibrils
-muscle fibers
Which of the following nerve fibers innervate skeletal muscle?
Somatic & Motoneuron
Which of the following nervous systems subdivides into sympathetic and parasympathetic components?
Autonomic
Which is a fascia of fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle?
Epimysium
Which of the following statements regarding the autonomic nervous system is true?
It is primarily involuntary
The lipoprotein membrane that wraps around the axon over most of its length is the:
myelin sheath
Which of the following statements regarding actin is not true?
Actin contain cross bridges that are shaped like golf clubs.
True statements regarding the actin:
-Actin is anchored to the Z line
-Actin is arranged in 2 single strands that intertwine helically
-Actin contains a myosin binding site
What leads to the release of intracellular calcium which ultimately causes muscle to contract?
An electrical discharge at the neuromuscular junction
The all or none principle refers to:
The recruitment and contraction of the muscle cells that are innervated by the terminal axon branches of the same motor neuron
OTHER SETS BY THIS CREATOR