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feeding

Terms in this set (34)

insectivory
eating insects
primitive condition in mammals
developed digestive
two types most abundant: plants and insects
bats have adapted to this lifestyle
some organisms use venom, pray is paralyzed
myrmecophagy
ant-eating, specific in what they go after
carnivory
meat eaters, carnassial tooth
herbivory
plants. lowest energy food so they need to eat more of it to get the calories they need
browsing
eating stuff off the ground
mammals do not produce enzymes that can digest
cellulose
foregut fermentation
Multi-chambered stomach (where bacteria digest food) is found before the small intestine (where nutrients are absorbed). Efficient system
hindgut fermentation
fermentation chamber (caecum or appendix) occurs after small intestine absorbs nutrients. not efficient
coprophagy
fecal eating
feces are rich in nutrients
have to eat things twice
make 2 types of feces
granivory
fruits nuts and seeds
folivory
only eat green stuff on plants
frugivory
fruit eating
nectarivory
nectar eating
gummivory
a diet that emphasizes tree gums (or sap)
mycophagy
eating of fungi
omnivore
An animal that eats both plants and animals
issues with foraging
Decisions made while foraging
Currency involved
Physiological constraints
optimal foraging
find, capture, consume the food source that gives the most calories while expending the least amount of energy
optimal foraging equation
Energy from food/(handling time+search time)
high profit items are
favored
items other than most profitable appear in diet
variability avoids accumulation of toxins
if most profitable food has small trace of toxin, u have a lot of toxin accumulation
by varying diet, ensures essential nutrients
taste preferences and learning can shift this diet
when should an animal add a new food
when E/h ≥ E/(h+s).
long handling times and short search time lead to
generalist diets
short handling times and long search times leads to
specialist diets
marginal value theory
should i leave where i am at and forage somewhere else
benefit cost analysis
variables of marginal value theory
Transit time (expected)
Intake rate (observed)
want to leave when it is marginal
will stay in patch when travel time is
high
will stay in patch when environment is
poor
larder hoarding
all of the food being stored is stored in one place (rodents and carnivores)
advantage: food reserve, if u hoarded food u know where it is, less competition
scatter hoarding
1. one item per site, organism that hid food item knows where it hid it
2. burry things without remembering and dig radnomly to get it back up
reduce search time, it's protected and hidden
sanguinivory
blood eating
filter feeding
method in which food particles are filtered from water as it passes by or through some part of the organism
piscivory
fish eating
gnawing
chewing or biting
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