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A & P 2 lab practical 4

Terms in this set (47)

Pituitary gland (hypophysis) 1-
anterior lobe (adenohypophysis):
a. follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
b. luteinizing hormone (LH)
c. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
d. thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
e. growth hormone (GH)
f. prolactin (PRL)
g. melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
pituitary gland (hypophysis) 2-
posterior lobe (neurohypophysis):
a. oxytocin
b. antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
thyroid gland
-follicles which contain thyroglobulin (aka colloid)
thyroid gland- 1) follicle cells
-hormone produced by follicle cells when from combo of thyroglobulin + iodine atoms:
a. T4 (thyroxine)
b. T3 (triiodothyronine)
thyroid gland- 2) parafollicular cells
-aka clear cells or C cells
-hormone produced by these cells:
a. calcitonin (aka thyrocalcitonin)
parathyroid gland- 1
typically, 2 pairs of glands embedded in posterior surfaces of thyroid gland
parathyroid gland- 2
produces PTH (parathyroid hormone) which is antagonistic to calcitonin since it raises blood calcium levels by targeting osteoclasts to breakdown bone and release stored mineral into blood stream
adrenal glands
-outer rim is adrenal cortex
-inner strip is adrenal medulla
1. adrenal cortex
a. mineralocorticoids (ex: aldosterone)
b. glucocorticoids (ex: cortisol)
c. gonadacorticoids (ex: sex hormones)
2. adrenal medulla
a. epinephrine
b. norepinephrine
pancreas- acini
-aka acinar cells
-this is exocrine portion of pancreas producing digestive enzymes
pancreas- islet of langerhans
-this is endocrine portion of pancreas
-hormones produced by islets include:
a. insulin
b. glucagon
c. somatosin
d. pancreatic polypeptide (PP)
testis- seminiferous tubules
a. germinal epithelium- w/ spermatogonia at periphery of seminiferous tubules
b. spermatids- near or in lumen possessing a head, mid piece, and tail
testis- interstitial cells
hormones produced by interstitial cells:
a. testosterone
b. inhibin
ovaries- primordial follicles
containing primary oocytes surrounded by simple squamous cells
ovaries- primary follicles
containing primary oocytes surrounded by simple cuboidal granulosa cells
ovaries- secondary follicles
containing primary oocyte and first sign of antrum
ovaries- Graafian (or vesicular) follicle
possessing a well-defined antrum and secondary oocyte
ovaries- ovum (secondary oocyte)
surrounded by zone pellucid & corona radiate
ovaires- hormones
produced by thecae cells & granulosa cells of ovarian follicle include:
a. estrogen
b. progesterone
head model
-pituitary gland: FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, GH, PRL, oxytocin, ADH
-pineal gland: melatonin
neck model
-parathyroid: PTH
-thyroid: T3, T4, calcitonin
pancreas & adrenal gland model
-pancreas: insulin & glucagon
-adrenal gland: mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, gonadocorticoids, epinephrine, norepinephrine
endocrine system purple diagram model
-parathyroid glands (white spots)
-adrenal gland
-testis
-pituitary gland
-thyroid gland
-islet of langerhans (pancreas)
-ovary
testis
testis: testosterone, inhibin
ovaries
ovaries: estrogen, progesterone, inhibin, relaxin
women reproductive anatomy model
-ovarian ligament
-primordial follicle
-secondary follicle
-primary follicle
-graafian follicle
-ovum (w/ zona pellucide & corona radiata)
-corpus luteum
-corpus albicans
women reproductive model 2
-endometrium
-cervix
-fornix
-rectum
-urethra
-external anal sphincter
-anus
-vagina
-labia minora
-labia majora
-clitoris
-urogenital diaphragm
-pubic symphysis
-urinary bladder
-myometrium
-perimetrium
purple female reproductive model
1. labia majora
2. labia minora
3. clitoris
4. urethra
5. mons pubis
6. pubic bone
7. urinary bladder
8. uterine bladder
9. uterine (fallopian) tube
10. ovary
11. fimbriae (extending from infundibulum & ampulla)
12. internal & external cervial os
13. fornix of vagina
14. vagina
purple female reproductive model pt. 2
U= uterus
O= ovulated oocyte
F= corona radiata
Z= zona pellucida
C= cytoplasm of oocyte
N= nucleus of oocyte
purple female reproductive model pt. 3
-ovarian ligament
-body of uterus
-fundus of uterus
-perimetrium
-myometrium
-endometrium
purple male reproductive model
1. epididymis
2. testis
3. prepuce
4. glans penis
5. corpora cavernosa
6. corpus spongiosum
7. spongy (penile) urethra
8. membranous urethra
9. prostatic urethra
10. pubic bone
purple male reproductive model pt. 2
11. vas (ductus) deferens
12. urinary bladder
13. seminal vesicles
14. ejaculatory duct
15. prostate
16. bulbourethral gland
17. penile bulb/crux
18. scrotum
purple male reproductive model pt. 3
sperm structures:
H= head w/ acrosome
M= midpiece
T= tail
-interal anal sphincter
-external anal sphincter
-rectum
-urogenital diaphragm
male reproductive model
-urinary bladder w/ rugae
-prostatic urethra
-urogenital diaphragm
-corpora cavernosa
-prepuce
-corpus spongiosum
-glans penis
-urethral orifice
-epididymis
-testis
-scrotum
-spongy (penile) urethra
-penile bulb (crux)
-bulbourethral gland
-external anal sphincter
-anus
-internal anal sphincter
-rectum
-membranous urethra
-prostate gland
-ejaculatory duct
embryology anatomy purple model
1. zona pellucida
2. corona radiata
3. secondary oocyte
4. fertilization
5. 8 cell stage
6. blastocyst
7. yolk sac
8. bilaminar germ disk
9. amniotic cavity
10. yolk sac
embryology anatomy purple model pt. 2
11. chorion w/ chorionic villi
12. embryonic disk
13. amnion
14. umbilical cord
15. nasal placode
16. lens placode
17. heart
18. liver
19. upper limb
20. somites/vertebrae
embryology anatomy purple model pt. 3
21. lower limb
22. endometrium
23. myometrium
24. perimetrium
25. internal cervix os (top) & external cervix os (bottom)
26. uterine fundus
27. vagina
28. cervix
29. fornix of vagina
30. primordial follicle
embryology anatomy purple model pt. 4
31. primary follicle
32. secondary follicle
33. Graafian (vesicular) follicle
34. ovulation
35. corpus luteum
36. corpus albicans
37. fimbriae
38. infundibulum
39. ampulla
40. uterine (fallopian) tube
fertilization model
-fertilization
-two cell stage
-four cell stage
-morula
-blastocyst- inner cell mass
-blastocoel, trophoblast, bilaminar germ disc
-gastrulation
early placenta model
1. early placenta, early umbilical cord
2. yolk sac
3. yolk sac, chorionic villi, amnion
4. chorion, bilaminar germ disc
pink embryo model
-umbilical artery & vein
-umbilical cord
-chorion
-chorionic villi
-liver
-limb bud
-embryo
-amnion
-yolk sac
placenta model
-placenta
-umbilical vein
-umbilical arteries
-umbilical cord
note: colors cary b/t models but there are always 2 umbilical arteries & 1 umbilical vein
colorful embryo model
-neural groove
-heart, liver, somites
-lens placode, limb buds
fetus model
-bladder
-clitoris
-urethra
-labia minora
-labia majora
-vagina
-cervix
-mucus plug
non fetus model
-umbilical cord
-placenta
-cervix
-bladder
-mons pubis
-clitoris
-urethra
-labia minora
-labia majora
-external cervical os
-internal anal sphincter
-external anal sphincter
-fornix
-mucus plug
breast model
-areola
-nipple
-mammary gland
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