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Sociology Ch 9

Terms in this set (27)

Anne, a white American, refuses to rent her property to a Hispanic American because she has prejudice against that race. This is an example of __________.
individual discrimination
Which of the following groups is an example of an ethnic group?
Irish Americans
The coach of the national athletics team of a European country dislikes African Americans but still picks them in the athletics squad for the Olympic Games because he believes that they will enhance the team's ability to win. In the context of sociologist Robert Merton's typology of prejudice and discrimination, the coach can be classified as a(n) __________.
prejudiced nondiscriminator
Sociologists sometimes place the term race in quotation marks because __________.
they recognize that it has little meaning in a biological sense
The fastest growing racial group in the United States today is __________.
Asian Americans
A prejudiced judge gives harsher sentences to all African American defendants, even though his actions are not supported by other people in the judicial system. In the context of the types of discrimination identified by Joe Feagin, this scenario illustrates __________.
isolate discrimination
In the context of sociological perspectives on race and ethnic relations, __________ examine how microlevel contacts between people may produce either greater racial tolerance or increased levels of hostility.
symbolic interactionists
Which of the following is most likely a criticism of functionalist perspectives on race and ethnic relations?
They do not adequately account for the persistent economic inequality experienced by people of color.
Sociologists would term whites with northern European ancestry (often referred to as Euro-Americans, white Anglo-Saxon Protestants, or WASPs) in the United States the __________.
dominant group
In the context of functionalist perspectives on race and ethnic relations, __________ occurs when members of subordinate racial or ethnic groups gain acceptance in everyday social interaction with members of the dominant group.
structural assimilation
Josephine, an African woman, relocated to France for her new job. She met Louis, a French man, at her workplace and eventually married him. This scenario exemplifies __________.
biological assimilation
Jim Crow laws legalized the separation of whites and African Americans in public accommodations, such as hotels, transportation, schools, jails, hospitals, churches, and cemeteries, in the southern United States after the Civil War. This is an example of __________.
de jure segregation
Based on the class perspective on racial inequality, sociologist Oliver C. Cox suggested that African Americans were enslaved because __________.
African Americans were the cheapest and best workers the owners could find for heavy labor on plantations
The __________ states that interaction between people from divergent groups should result in favorable attitudes and behavior when certain factors are present.
contact hypothesis
In the context of racial plurality in the United States, between 2000 and 2010, the percentage of Americans identifying as more than one race increased by __________.
32%
One shortcoming of the split-labor-market theory is that it __________.
fails to examine the interactive effects of gender, race, and class in the workplace
In the context of sociologist Robert Merton's typology of prejudice and discrimination, __________ may have no personal prejudice but still engage in discriminatory behavior because of peer-group pressure or economic, political, or social interests.
unprejudiced discriminators
According to symbolic interactionists, when individuals meet someone who does not conform to their existing stereotype, they frequently __________.
ignore any behavior that contradicts the stereotype.
__________ are the largest Asian American group in the United States.
Chinese Americans
In the context of the historical experiences of Native Americans in the United States, the "Trail of Tears" was an intentional act of __________ in which more than half of the members of the Cherokee Nation died during or as a result of their involuntary relocation from the southeastern United States to the Indian Territory in Oklahoma
forced migration
Antony owned a restaurant in the United States in the 1950s. He did not feel negatively toward African Americans but refused to serve them in his restaurant because he feared that serving them would offend his white customers. In the context of Robert Merton's typology of prejudice and discrimination, Antony is a(n) __________.
unprejudiced discriminator
Many sports teams such as the Atlanta Braves, Cleveland Indians, and Washington Redskins use Native American mascots and depict them with feathers, buckskins, beads, spears, and "warpaint." Such depictions are examples of __________.
stereotyping
Sociologists use the term __________ to refer to a group whose members are disadvantaged because of physical or cultural characteristics and are subjected to unequal treatment and discrimination by the controlling group.
subordinate group
Psychologist Theodor W. Adorno and his colleagues concluded that highly prejudiced individuals tend to have a(n) __________, which is characterized by excessive conformity, submissiveness to authority, intolerance, insecurity, a high level of superstition, and rigid, stereotypic thinking.
authoritarian personality
The U.S. census of __________ made it possible for the first time for individuals to identify themselves as being of more than one race.
2000
Xavier believes that African Americans are as intelligent as white Americans and therefore warmly invites them to join his chess club. His friend Reuben, however, believes that African Americans have weak cognitive abilities. However, to impress Xavier, Reuben conceals his beliefs and acts friendly and unbiased toward African Americans. In the context of Robert Merton's typology of prejudice and discrimination, Xavier is a(n) __________, whereas Reuben is a(n) __________
unprejudiced nondiscriminator; prejudiced nondiscriminator
The sociological term __________ is defined as a group of people distinguished, by others or by themselves, primarily on the basis of cultural characteristics or nationality characteristics.
ethnic group
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