AP Physics 2 Unit 1: Fluids

Density
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Terms in this set (22)
Density
Mass per unit of volume
Density Equation
Density = mass/volume
Image: Density Equation
Pressure
Force per unit of area
Pressure Equation
Image: Pressure Equation
Atmosphere (atm)
A unit of pressure based on the average pressure of air at sea level; 1 atm = 101,325 Pa
Image: Atmosphere (atm)
What states of matter are compressible?
Gasses (Remember the syringe experiment!)
Ideal Fluid
An ideal fluid is a fluid that is incompressible, flows at a steady rate, and is non viscous (has no friction with container).
Pascal's Principle
Pressure applied to a contained fluid is transmitted throughout the entire fluid
Image: Pascal's Principle
Pascal's Equation
Image: Pascal's Equation
Hydraulics
The use of a liquid flowing under pressure to transmit power from one location to another
Image: Hydraulics
ManometerInstrument for measuring pressureBarometerAn instrument used to measure atmospheric pressureAbsolute PressureThe total pressure exerted on a system, including atmospheric pressureGauge PressureThe difference between the actual pressure and the atmospheric pressureBuoyancyThe ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object placed in itArchimedes' PrincipleAny object in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid it displacesArchimedes' Principle EquationFb = Buoyant force ρ = Density of fluid V = Volume of object that is submerged g = GravityHydrostatic ParadoxThe force exerted on the bottom of a vessel is determined by the height of the liquid and not the volumeFlow RateThe volume of fluid that moves through a system in a given period of timeEquation of Continuity for FluidsBernoulli's PrincipleAn increase of the speed of a fluid causes a decrease in the pressure around itBernoulli's EquationP₁+1/2ρv₁²+ρgh₁ = P₂+1/2ρv₂²+ρgh₂ P = absolute pressure ρ = density h = height relative to reference height

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