ap world terms unit 1 & 2

Pure Land School of Buddhism
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Terms in this set (39)
Pure Land School of Buddhism
way of thinking that started in India then spread to China, (focused on Amitabha Buddha), then Japan
An Lushan Rebellion
Took place in China during the Tang Dynasty, from December 16, 755 to February 17, 763. had its roots in the behavior of one of the great emperors of Chinese history, Xuanzong. Until he fell in love with a young concubine named Yang Guifei, he had been a great ruler, and had brought the Tang to its height of prosperity and grandeur. But he became so infatuated with Yang that the administration of the government soon fell into decay, which was made no better by the way that Yang took advantage of her power to stuff high administrative positions with her corrupt cronies. She also took under her wing a general, who quickly accumulated power. The revolt was led under the pretense of punishing his tormentor Yang Guozhong.
Sultanate of Delhi
Islamic state in northern India established by Mahmud's successors in 1206 C.E. that began to establish the presence of Islam on the Indian subcontinent.
Suifs
Islamic Mystic Missionaries
Kabir
Muslim mystic during 15th century; played down the importance of ritual differences between Hinduism and Islam
Sikhism
Indian religion founded by the guru Nanak (1469-1539) in the Punjab region of northwest India. After the Mughal emperor ordered the beheading of the ninth guru in 1675, warriors from this group mounted armed resistance to Mughal rule.
Timbuktu
City on the Niger River in the modern country of Mali. It was founded by the Tuareg as a seasonal camp sometime after 1000. As part of the Mali empire, Timbuktu became a major major terminus of the trans-Saharan trade and a center of Islamic learning.
Harsha
7th century north Indian ruler; built a large state that declined after his death in 646.
Mahmud of Ghazni
Islamic leader who ruled parts of Iran and India between the years 997-1030. Islamic presence in India was quite new at the time. Unaccustomed to ruling a non-Muslim population, he destroyed various Hindu and Buddhist temples. His raids into India are often portrayed as being motivated by money.
Bhakti Movement
Indian movement that attempted to transcend the differences between Hinduism and Islam
Angkor WatA temple complex built in the Khmer Empire and dedicated to the Hindu God, Vishnu.MelakaThe first major center of Islam in Southeast Asia, a port kingdom on the southwestern coast of the Malay Peninsula.SahelBelt south of the Sahara where it transitions into savanna across central Africa. It means literally 'coastland' in Arabic.BantuThe people who spread throughout Africa spreading agriculture, language, and iron.lineageancestryoral historiesHistorical accounts passed from one generation to the next. Particularly important in societies where no written accounts survive.GriotsProfessional oral historians who served as keepers of traditions and advisors to kings within the Mali EmpireIbn KhaldunArab historian. He developed an influential theory on the rise and fall of states. Born in Tunis, he spent his later years in Cairo as a teacher and judge. In 1400 he was sent to Damascus to negotiate the surrender of the city.Feudalismpolitical and economic system in medieval Europe, in which lessor lords received lands from powerful nobles in exchange for serviceMagna Carta (1215)An English document draw up by nobles under King John which limited the power of the king. It has influenced later constitutional documents in Britain and America.English ParliamentEngland's chief law-making body. It was a key institution in the development of representative democracy as it provided some voice and recognition of the rights and interests of various groups in society. It was involved in creating taxes and passing laws. It is similar to our Congress in the United States (which passes laws).Great Schismthe official split between the Roman Catholic and Byzantine churches that occurred in 1054CrusadesA series of holy wars from 1096-1270 AD undertaken by European Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslim rule.Renaissance"rebirth"; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and RomeCamel CaravansUsed to travel across deserts. Fleets in the desert were camel caravans. Fleets usually meant groups on ships.DunhuangChinese city located on silk road that transmitted Mahayana Buddhism to China.Mahayana BuddhismAlso known as popular Buddhism, is allows people more ways to reach enlightenment and boddhisatvas can help you reach enlightenment.Alexander the GreatKing of Macedonia who conquered Greece, Egypt, and PersiaBlack DeathThe common name for a major outbreak of plague that spread across Asia, North Africa, and Europe in the mid-fourteenth century, carrying off vast numbers of persons.PastoralismA type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food, clothing, and shelter.MondunGreat ruler of the Xiongnu Empire (r. 210-174 B.C.E.) who created a centralized and hierarchical political system.Xiongnunomadic raiders from the grasslands north of China during the reign of Han dynasty; emperor Wudi fought against them in the mid-100s BCTurksA member of the Turkish-speaking ethnic group in Turkey, or, formerly, in the Ottoman EmpireChinggis KhanTitle meaning "universal ruler" that was given to the Mongol leader Temujin in 1206 after he united the Mongols.Yuan DynastyDynasty in China set up by the Mongols under the leadership of Kublai Khan, replaced the Song (1279-1368)Khubilai KhanReigned in China after establishing the Yuan Dynasty; he actively promoted Buddhism; descendant of Chinggis Khan.HuleguGrandson of Chinggis Khan and ruler of Ilkhan khanate; captured and destroyed Abbasid Baghdad.KhutulunA Mongol princess (ca. 1260-1306) whose exploits in battle and wrestling, along with her choice of husbands, provide insight into the relative freedom and influence of elite Mongol women in their societies.Kipchak Khanate/Golden HordeName given to Russia by the Mongols after they conquered it and incorporated it into the Mongol Empire in the mid-thirteenth century; known to Russians as the "Khanate of the Golden Horde."