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New Testament DSQ's Final

Terms in this set (94)

Is 1 Corinthians a disputed epistle
No, it is undisputed. 1:1 claims Paul as the author.
What was ancient Corinth known for
"Sin City" - Known for its wealth, it was the center of Greece and was the main port city; It had lots of temples and was very religious.
What were the two categories of issues going on in the Corinthian church
Conflict and compromise. Conflict is the division between the church - arguments, disputes, lawsuits, etc. Compromise is any action that compromises the gospel
Give 3 examples of issues in the Corinthian church
Incest, Food offered to idols, lawsuits, and sexual immorality
Had Paul visited Corinth before writing 2 Corinthians
Yes
Was 2 Corinthians Paul's second letter to that church
No, he wrote a "severe letter" that was heavy handed after his painful visit where the Corinthians gave him the "cold-shoulder", questioned his credentials because there were other 'super" apostles with more credentials that led Corinthians to doubt Paul's teachings
What was the main issue troubling the church in 2 Corinthians
"Super apostles" - guys in Corinth trying to sell themselves and discredit Paul
What does Paul mean when he says to the Corinthians that they are his commendation
Key Verse: 2 Corinthians 3:1-3 - Corinthians are evidence that the gospel works. This is seen through their transition and changes in life and their spirit.
In what way does 2 Corinthians teach us about the painful nature of Christian ministry
6:4-5: Paul has undergone many hardships - beatings, imprisonment, hardships, sleepless nights, hunger, etc. The ministry of God is carried out by mere humans that are fragile and suffer many trials and tribulations - the suffering is part of the ministry and makes it that much more effective.
Who were the "false teachers" in Galatia
Judiazers: Christians who taught circumcision in order to be a true Christian, which challenges Paul's teachings
What is the occasion for Galations?
The Galatians turning to a different gospel which presents theological problems
What does Paul do in Galatians 1-2
He defends his apostleship because the Judiazers are trying to discredit him. He says that his gospel is independent and undistorted =, meaning that His authority and gospel come straight from Jesus and is even checked by the author apostles
What does Paul argue about the Old Testament law and the old covenant
(defense of theology) He argues that the old law from the Old testament no longer applies. He institutes "justified by faith, not by works". Galatians are specifically gentiles who received the Spirit, which proves that they did not need to be circumcised just trust in Jesus and be true sons of Abraham through faith, not law. He says that the Old Covenant was meant to expire with Jesus - geographical understanding which means that the arrangement was solely with Israel and when Jesus came he initiated a new covenant that happened to include 9 of 10 commandments.
What is are the three main themes we discussed in Galatians
Authority of Paul, Nature of the Gospel, and Christian's relationship to the law.
Is Philippians a disputed or undisputed epistle
Undisputed - Pauline - "Paul and Timothy"
Did Paul know the church at Philippi
Yes, they supported his ministry with money
Give at least one of the possible reasons for why Paul is writing Philippians
Gifts: churches supported Paul in missionary - thanking Philippi for that gift; Division: conflict b/t two ladies - dividing church; Encouragement: very positive letter; encouraging bc in prison
Give at least two reasons why Paul is joyful
Because he has partnership with Philippi in the gospel; Joyful because he knows that God is in the soul; working to make them more like Jesus and that there's an endline; Joy in suffering because of the gospel - the prison helped spread the gospel; imprisonment for Christ; witnesses/brothers bold in missionary
What does the key verse (Phil 1:21) have to do with joy
He finds joy in either life or death, as "to live in Christ and to die is gain".
Explain the reason Paul can be joyful in both cases in Phil 1:21
Free to go: he can continue to preach and focus on growing his ministry and To die: because he gets to see God for eternity
What is the supreme example of humility given by Paul
Jesus. He was 100% God yet put others before himself and acted as if others were more significant than himself.
What does the key verse (Phil 1:21) have to do with humility
He is content in every situation and understands that his life is not in hands, to boast in his situations or feel above his situations. He recognizes God's plans for his life and is ready for either outcome. He does not control his joy based on his abundance. He is completely transparent and shares his painful life and desire to be with Christ but hope to be alive for God.
Name two (of the three) main issues at Thessalonica that serve as the occasion for these letters
1)Encourage them thru trials; 2)Eschatology - they had question's about end of the world with Jesus coming; 3)Idleness - they thought world was going to end so said basically life does not matter
Which two letters did I argue are probably the earliest letters we have from Paul
1st and 2nd Thessalonians
Which epistle did we study that gives us a helpful window into Paul's care and love for the people he served
1st Thessalonians
How does the key verse (1 Thess 2:19-20) give us a glimpse into what Paul cared about most
It illustrates that Paul cares about and loves boasting in his friends; his entire life revolves around them -
"indeed you are our glory and joy"
Give two examples from 1 Thessalonians that show us the love and care Paul had for the Thessalonians (no need to provide Scripture references)
Even after getting beaten and almost killed, he could've retired but still he comes to Thessalonica because he wants to seem them continue in faith; Honest and selfless appeal - not obsessed with pleasing people but pleasing God; unlike the orators he does not speak full of flattery; "we were gentle ... like a nursing mother (2:7); He shares with him his own struggles, not just a preacher; he wants them to know that he genuinely cares 4 them
What is the "hope" that the Thessalonians have in the midst of their suffering
God's Son coming from Heaven - their hope is the promise of Christ coming back and everything made right
What is one way this "hope" help the Thessalonians persevere in the midst of suffering
To not let trials push them away from holiness and Everything will be made right
...
...
Describe the two-way connection between "hope" (the return of Christ) and "perseverance" as outlined in 1 Thessalonians
You want Jesus to come back, knowing you pursued Him and you have to persevere in order for the return of Christ to be beneficial
What relationship does Timothy have with Paul
He met Paul in Lystra and he was called by Paul to follow Him. They travelled and Paul left him to govern Ephesus church. Paul calls him his "true child in the faith" - he considers him like a son; very affectionate towards him
What is Timothy doing when he receives this letter from Paul
He is in charge of the Ephesus church
What are the three pastoral epistles
1st Timothy, 2nd Timothy, and Titus - and they are all highly disputed; chronology dispute
Does Paul suggest to Timothy that he try to reconcile with the false teachers
No, he instructs Timothy to charge them not to teach a different doctrine and to not entertain any false teaching
Does the false teaching at Ephesus pertain to conduct, doctrine, or both
It pertains to doctrine because it focuses on the correct teachings of theology and being trained in the words of the faith in order to defend Christian faith
What is the primary exhortation to the men in 1 Timothy
To pray without anger or quarreling - The men were focused on debates over prayer (ch. 2)
What is the primary exhortation to women in 1 Timothy
Adorn yourselves modestly and respectively - dress appropriate and be mindful of it
What is the primary characteristic of elders/pastors in 1 Timothy
Above reproach - mostly men that should others can have good reputation of them and can't question their character
What skill should pastors/elders have according to 1 Timothy
They must be able to teach
How does the key verse (1 Timothy 4:16) relate to the whole epistle
1 Timothy 4:16 explains outlines the whole epistle by saying "keep a watch on your life and doctrine" which applies to the epistle's theme of caring for the church through conduct (life) and doctrine.
What is the occasion for 2nd Timothy
This is just before Paul dies (AD 64) and Paul starts to realize that this time is different and now is encompassed by much sadness and is very heart felt. Occasion: Paul's impending death
Explain is one of the three main illustrations Paul gives Timothy to communicate endurance and perseverance
1)Soldier: Suffering to please your master - see yourself as being in an ongoing war or battle; get ready to suffer and obey God's authority. 2)Athlete: press on righteously - he illustrates how an athlete will get tired during the race and will be tempted to cheat or give up. In the same way, Timothy's journey in faith might feel like a race he wants to give up or cheat and manipulate, but he needs to push on. 3)Farmer: persevering patiently - waiting months and months for faith to grow
What tangible instruction does Paul give Timothy to help him persevere (hint: key verse)
He instructs him in verse 16 to "hold on" to the word of God and continue in the scriptures - good for training and understanding life choices
Who is Titus and where is he when he receives this letter
He is Paul's helper (similar to Timothy) and he is at Crete, where Paul left him to establish a church and take care of people.
What is the occasion for Titus
There is false teaching in the church - the need for correct leadership in the church
What is the main theme of Titus
Your faith and your conduct
Who is Philemon
A wealthy Christian in Colossae
What is the relationship between Philemon and Onesimus
Onesimus is Philemon's runaway slave
Is Philemon a Prison Epistle
Yes, it is written in AD 62, when Paul was in prison for the first time
What appeal does Paul make to Philemon regarding Onesimus
He claims that as an apostle he could order Philemon to take Onesimus back, but he doesn't. He claims that Onesimus is like his child and he wants to send him back so Onesimus is "no longer a slave but more than a slave, as a beloved brother" - Paul knows that Onesimus financially wronged Philemon but Onesimus became a Christian while with Paul, and Paul knows that Philemon will let Onesimus back.
What two new relationships between Philemon and Onesimus does Paul emphasize
Brother relationship and Partner relationship
Who wrote the book of Hebrews
We have no idea who wrote it
What literary "genre" did we say best describes Hebrew?
As a sermon, rather than a letter
How would you summarize Hebrews in 3 words
JESUS IS BETTER
What does it mean that "Jesus offers a better sacrifice"
The OT law required people to bring sacrifices daily to atone for their sins, but no matter how many sacrifices they brought, nothing changed them internally. It was limited. However, with Christ, one sacrifice was able to wipe away all sin. There was full forgiveness.
What is the name of the type of argument the author of Hebrews makes throughout
Argument of lesser to greater
What is the basic message of the "warning passages" in Hebrews
To illustrate that real Christians persevere and hold on to God until the very end, until they are united with God in Heaven. The writer explains that if one falls away, they were never truly born again. So persevere til the end.
What is a "Catholic Epistle"
Also known as a "general" epistle, this is a universal epistle, written to no specific audience. The name of the book is the name of the author.
Who is the author of James
James, the half-brother of Jesus and in Greek is known as Jacob. James was an unbeliever for Jesus' entire ministry. He was not a disciple but rose to prominence in his later life.
What illustration does James use to explain what it means to be a "hearer" of the word but not a "doer"
He uses a mirror analogy, illustrating how one sees imperfections when they look in the mirror. When they do this, there are to responses - either to just move on and walk away, or to acknowledge those imperfections and fix them. In the same way, he says, the Bible points out our imperfections that require a response, not simply to hear and move on.
To some, James and Paul appear to contradict each other on what issue
Righteousness and justification by faith or by works.
According to James, Abraham was "justified" when he did what
- don't need to know? Abraham was justified when he offered his son Isaac on the altar, illustrating that his faith was made complete by what he did. He says that God credited him as righteous because of what he did not just by faith alone.
What is the difference between how Paul uses "faith" and how James uses "faith"
Difference between audiences and how they interpret the word "faith" to represent. With Paul, he was teaching to legalists who followed the law to the 'T', therefore teaching them the importance of faith, which to Paul is a saving faith that results in salvation and is life-transforming. With James, he taught to Antinomians who were basically anti-law. He taught of a faith that was more of a mental ascent that said "I believe" and just affirmed something as true.
Who is the "Peter" of 1 Peter
He is the apostle of Jesus - the same Peter that denied him 3 times.
What are "Petrine epistles"
Epistles written by Peter meant to be circular - meant to be passed around to many
What is the main reason Peter writes this epistle
He writes to the elect (Chosen by God) exiles - those scattered around the world due to persecution. He writes to address this suffering, distress, and persecution.
In your own words, explain the three things Peter tells Christians in their suffering
He explains the hope we have in Christ despite our suffering, the calling as Christians during this time of suffering, and to delight in similar experiences of suffering that Jesus went through and following his example of living amidst the pain.
Give two examples of the "hope" that Peter gives to his audience
1)Born again to an imperishable inheritance: hope in the resurrection of Christ, encouraging Christians to continue to hope in Christ despite their suffering. 2)A salvation that makes Moses jealous: this salvation that we now have boggles angels' minds and is something that no one could have imagined. Take hope in the overwhelming salvation that you receive in Christ.
Give two examples of the "calling" that Peter gives to his audience
1)Be Holy as God is Holy: do not take this suffering to make excuses and fall away from God, but rather strive to be holy in every part of life. 2)Long for the word; abstain for passions of the flesh. 3)Honor and submit to authority: asserts that Christians should be slow to disrespect authority, which is telling considering they were under Nero, who was the most Anti-Christian and a horrid persecutor of Christians - submit to even the worst of authorities.
What should a Christian's faith look like according to 2 Peter 1:5-11
Supplementing their faith by building on virtues such as selflessness, self-control, brotherly love, etc. Verse 9: falling away from Christ; what once was clear is now blinding which happens when you don't build on these qualities.
How does Peter suggest readers can make their calling and election sure (1:10 = key verse)
Verse 10: make every effort to confirm you're really a Christian. Christians are accompanied by ways of living and virtues to receive salvation and everlasting life. Confirm faith by living in that type of way.
Why are 2 Peter and Jude often studied together
They have the same themes and there are multiple overlap of exact words, doctrine, etc.
What is Jude praising God for in Jude 24 (key verse)
He is praising God because ultimately he is the one who keeps Christians from falling away
What has just happened in the church to which John is writing
The church just split, having vocal people leave the church and there to now be confusion.
What literary relationship between 1st, 2nd, and 3rd John was suggested
First John is pastoral essay with 2-3 John being accompanying epistles. Do not know which were written first but ordered by longest to shortest. Sent all at the same time.
What are the two errors pertaining to sin that John warns against
One, you cannot continue to sin and have fellowship with God. Two, you cannot say you have no sin.
What is the "new commandment" that John focuses on
Commandment to love.
How does John characterize the antichrists
False teachers; Those who oppose Christ
How would you explain the warning of 2 John in your own words
He gives 3 warnings: to not listen to deceivers and antichrist who say that Christ will not come back. To abide in the teaching. And to not be fully hospitable to everyone; do not entertain everyone.
Who are Gaius, Demetrius, and Diotrephes
Gaius: recipient of the letter, welcome Demetrius warmly; Demetrius: he is the person delivering the letter; Diotrephes: he rejects good authority, he is too harsh
Who wrote Revelation and from where
John from Island Patmos
Where does "Revelation" get its name
In Greek it is "apocalypse" which means to reveal things
What is the occasion and purpose of Revelation
To comfort those who are being persecuted; express the written vision from John
What are three characteristic features of apocalyptic literature
Visions: the means of divine revelation; Symbolism: figurative language versus literal; Numerology: numbers function as symbols - 7: number of completion
What is a "preterist" interpretation of Revelation
That Revelation was fulfilled (almost) entirely in AD 70 - talking about events that took place when temple was destroyed.
Who ends up opening the scroll in Revelation 5
The lamb (lion is the lamb) who was slain
What series of events do the seven seals represent
Reflect the times between Jesus' resurrection and His eventual coming.
What are the two issues about the writing of Ephesians that are debated
The authorship and the audience of Ephesians
Why is the authorship of Paul debated in ephesians
Because Paul does not reference his previous trip to Ephesus
Why is the intended audience of Ephesians debated
Because it is said that "saint in Ephesus" was probably added later.
What illustration does Paul use for salvation in Ephesians 2
Circumcision of Jews and no circumcision of gentiles - both are saved by grace. Not by works.
Ephesians 2:8-10 teaches us something about the nature of "faith" and the nature of "works". What does it teach about these two concepts
That we are saved by grace and not by works. Salvation and faith are gifts and good works are promised to come along with faith.
In Ephesians 4, Paul tells the Ephesians to "put off the old self" and "put on the new self" what does he mean by this and what is the significance of the illustration
To consider oneness with our faith and imitate God, to be filled with the Spirit.
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