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Liver Pathology

Terms in this set (26)

agenesis, situs inversus, diaphragmatic hernia, fissures, hepatic, portal venous
Developmental anomalies of the liver include:
*______- which is incompatible with life
*Anomalies of position, such as ______ and _______
*Accessory _____- uncommon
*Vascular anomalies
- _____ artery may have many variations as it arises from the celiac axis
-variations in the ________ system- uncommon
hepatocytes, LFTs
Diffuse disease of the liver affects the ______ and interferes with liver function
*measured through a series of _______
elevated
Enzyme levels are _____ with cell necrosis
fatty infiltration
_____ is an acquired reversible disorder of metabolism, resulting in an accumulation of triglycerides within hepatocytes
jaundice, nausea, vomiting, tenderness
Fatty infiltration is usually asymptomatic, but some patients may present with
*_____
*_____ and _____
*abdominal _____ and pain
fatty infiltration
Sonographic appearance of _______
*enlargement of left lobe
*portal vein difficult to distinguish
mild, moderate, severe
There are three grades of fatty infiltration:
fatty infiltration
Causes of _______ include:
*obesity
*excessive alcohol intake
*poorly controlled hyperlipidemia
*diabetes mellitus
*excess corticosteriods
*pregnancy
*total parenteral hyperalimentation
*severe hepatitis
*glycogen storage disease
*cystic fibrosis
*pharmaceutical
*chronic illness
focal fatty sparing
______ appears as masslike hypoechoic areas anterior to gallbladder or portal vein
viral hepatitis
______ is the general name for inflammatory and infectious disease of the liver, of which there are many causes
A
Hepatitis ___ is caused by fecal contamination
B
Hepatitis ___ is caused by transfusions or contamination through needles
C
Hepatitis ____ is more prevalent in Italy and mediterranean countries
D, B
Hepatitis ___ is dependent on hepatitis ____ for infectivity (IV drug users)
4
In acute hepatitis, clinical recovery usually occurs within ___ months
acute hepatitis
In ________, you see liver cell injury with swelling an degeneration of the hepatocytes
*There is reticuloendothelial and lymphotic response with enlarging Kupffer cells
*You also see regeneration
Kupffer cells
______ are specialized macrophages in the liver that destroy RBCs and bacteria
acute hepatitis
The sonographic appearance of _______
*may appear normal
*portal vein may be more prominent
*hepatosplenomegaly
*GB wall thickened
chronic hepatitis
______is hepatitis that extends beyond 6 months
chronic hepatitis
Causes of _______:
*viral
*metabolic
*autoimmune
*drug induced
chronic hepatitis
Clinical symptoms of _______:
*nausea
*anorexia
*weight loss
*tremors
*jaundice
*dark urine
*fatigue
*varicosities
persistent, active
Chronic _____ hepatitis is a benign, self-limiting process
Chronic ______ hepatitis usually progresses to cirrhosis and liver failure
chronic hepatitis
The sonographic appearance of ______ is
*coarse parenchyma
*decreased brightness of portal triads
*degree of attenuation not as great as fatty infiltration
*no increase in size
*fibrosis may be evident, which may present soft shadowing posteriorly
acute, chronic
In _____ hepatitis, the liver and spleen are enlarged, but with _____ hepatitis, the liver is not enlarged
cirrhosis
_______ is a chronic degenerative disease in which lobes are covered with fibrous tissue, parenchyma degenerates, and lobules are infiltrated with fat
cirrhosis
Appearance of _____
*simultaneous parenchymal necrosis, regeneration, and diffuse fibrosis resulting in disorganization of lobular architecture
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