foundational words

Ser = to be
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Terms in this set (9)
Ser = to be
used for permanent traits - personality, where people are from (origin), who or what the subject is: nationality, political, religious, occupation, day date and time, and possession
(yo) soy = I am
(tú) eres = you are (singular)
(Ud.) es = you are, (singular formal)
(él, ella) es - he/it is, she/it is
(nosotros) somos = we are
(Uds) son = you are ( plural inf. or formal)
(ellos) son = they are (masculine)
(ellas) son = they are (feminine)
EXAMPLE: Yo soy de Estados Unidos.
La statua es en la plaza.
ser (to be) + de (of, from)
indicates posession
Es el libro de Ana?
Son los libros de Carlos.
estar = to be + location
used to talk about the location of people places and things, and the current condition of the subject, how the subject is feeling.
Estoy = I am
(tú) estás = you are
(ud., Ud., él , ella) ésta = you are, he, she, it is
(nosotros/as) estamos = we are
(Uds., ellos/as) están = you are they are
EXAMPLE: Lose estudiantes están en la biblioteca.
La biblioteca está en la avenida Miguel.
Maria está en el gimnasio.
ir (to go) + a + destination
to go, to ask where someone is going
(yo) voy = I am going
(tú) vas = you go / are going
(Ud., él, ella) va = you, he, she, it is/are going
(nosotros/as) vamos = we go / are going
(Uds., ellos/as) van = you , they go/ are going
Example: Voy a la biblioteca.
Juan va al gimnasio.
tener = to have
possession, family - how many brother, sisters, etc
(yo) tengo = I have
(tú) tienes = you have
(Ud., él, ella) tiene = he, she, it has
(nosotros/as) tenemos = we have
(Uds.,ellos/as) tienen = you / they have
EXAMPLE: Tengo mucho los hermanos.
my, your, his, our, their
possessive adjectives, refers to things owned (qty), not who owns them.
mi, mis = my
tu, tus = your (informal)
su, sus = his her, its
nuestro/a = our
nuestros/as
su, sus = their, your (inf. / forml
Example: Es nuestra nieta! (it is our granddaughter!)
Son nuestos nietos! (They are our grandchildren)
-ar verbs (regular verbs)
follow a set pattern, endings are added according to tense and the subject of the verb. Example = bailar = to dance
yo = o (bailo = I dance)
tú = as (bailas = you dance)
ed., él ,ella = a (baial = you, she, he, it, dances
nosotros/as = amos (bailamos = we dance)
Uds., ellos/as = an (bailan = they/ you dance)
"a"
Use when the object is a person and after the verb. Personal a - not used with tener.
Ayuda a mi amigo. I am helping my friend.
Llamo a mi amigo. I am talking....
Necesito a mi amigo. I need my....
Amo a mi amigo. I love my friend.
Definite articles (la, las, el, los = the) versus
Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas = a)
"the" versus "a"

Los carros = the cars (general)
unos carros = some cars (More specific)
la gata = the female cat
unas gatas = some female cats