Chapter 9 Review

In the process of investigating—counting, estimating, and measuring are examples of ways students...
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In the process of investigating—counting, estimating, and measuring are examples of ways students...
apply mathematics in scientific inquiry by quantifying the real world.
The three types of graphs most often used in scientific applications in elementary and middle school are...
bar graph—line graph—histograms.
Unit descriptions:
-Metric units:grams, degrees Celsius, liters, meters, milliliters, kilograms
-Units of length:centimeters, feet, kilometers, miles, paces, meters, inches
-Customary units: feet, miles degrees Fahrenheit, quarts, gallons, yards, pounds
-Non-standard units: hand spans, books, jars, paces, pencils, spoonfuls
-Standard unitsz; inches, liters, kilometers, pounds, grams, millimeters
Ways of Applying Mathematics in Scientific Inquiry
-Operate on numbers: Count the number of swings of the pendulum in 15 seconds, measure the length of the string and angle of the swing.
-Quantify the real world: Based on the identified relationship between a pendulum's frequency and length, predict the frequency for a new length.
-Organize and interpret data: Place pendulum data into data tables and search for patterns in the data.
-Use patterns and relationships: Calculate ratios of frequency to length of a pendulum to see if there is a pattern so an equation can be written.
A line graph is appropriate for...
continuous data.
STEM stands for:
Science, Technology, Engineering, & Mathematics
A histogram displays the number of times (frequency) a number event occurs in...
a large data set.
Science teachers can help students assess prior knowledge by having them do all the following:
-write initial descriptions and explanations of phenomena.
-construct concept maps of what they know.
-draw pictures and label diagrams of events that should be accompanied by written explanations.
-present their ideas to the class so that alternative descriptions and explanations might be considered.
Strategies to Assist Students in Comprehending Science textbooks
-Pre-reading: Rather than simply giving the students questions to answer from their reading, encourage students to speculate about the text content before beginning the passage.
-During Reading: Facilitate a discussion of the text to help students link text ideas with their prior knowledge and make connections between main ideas and supporting detail.
-Post-reading: Encourage students to use comprehension monitoring strategies such as: raising questions about the text, clarifying terms, identifying main ideas and supporting statements, making and verifying inferences and predictions about text meanings.