CHES Review Questions

Which statement is NOT true about participant observation?
A. It can provide guidance on sampling interviewees
B. It includes informal interviews in the field
C. It yields best results when it is covert
D. It aims for understanding of the setting's culture cognitively and by "feeling" it
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Which statement is NOT true about participant observation?
A. It can provide guidance on sampling interviewees
B. It includes informal interviews in the field
C. It yields best results when it is covert
D. It aims for understanding of the setting's culture cognitively and by "feeling" it
A.
Because participant observation is an immersive technique, you would not set up a purposive sampling technique
Which statement is true about interviewers during qualitative, in-depth interviews?
A. They try to avoid using probes or follow-up questions
B. They read each question exactly as it appears on the interview questionnaire
C. They need to convey genuine interest in the interviewee's responses
D. They agree with the participant's responses and take their side to build rapport
D.
It is important to build good rapport, but the interviewer must remain neutral during the interview
Which statement is a good recommendation about field notes?
A. If the budget permits, substitute audio or video recording for written notes
B. Write down the main events and ignore small talk and routine info
C. Reread notes often, and record any ideas that come to you during the process of rereading
D. To maintain objectivity, write about what happened in the field and what others said, but avoid writing about how you felt
C.
Video/audio recording is a good addition to notes, but should never act as a substitute
Notes should be read and reread often, with new thoughts noted
Which statement is true about selection in qual research?
A. A researcher does not need to write a strategy for selecting cases in the research proposal. The best strategy will become apparent as the research proceeds
B. Participants can help recruit other participants
C. In selecting participants, a researcher should strive for maximum variation
D. If possible, random sampling is the gold standard
B.
Unlike quant data collection, you can often use snowball sampling to help identify new and appropriate participants
Which statement is NOT true about someone who uses qualitative research methods?
A. They often assume an identity other than their own
B. They use rigorous, systematic methods
C. They usually need to interact with people in the setting to gain access
D. They can change the data collection strategy if the initial data suggest this is necessary
A.
Principles of informed consent nearly always dictate that we fully disclose who we are as researchers and what we are doing in a particular study
Which of these ethical considerations does NOT apply to participant observation?
A. Not harming the participants
B. Ensuring the participants' privacy
C. Ensuring that all participants provide written, informed consent
D. Being respectful of cultural differences
C.
By nature, it is impossible to provide written, informed consent when conducting a participant observation study, since the researcher is unobtrusively observing the behavior of the participants
Coding is a qualitative analytic technique used to:
A. Eliminate unimportant data
B. Sort and categorize these and concepts by labeling them
C. Create comprehensive lists of corresponding symbols
D. Coordinate triangulation among different theories
B.
Qual data is coded or sorted and categorized into themes and concepts by labeling them in ways that make sense to the researchers who are trying to answer questions about the participants
If a respondent does NOT understand the question during a telephone interview, the interviewer should:
A. Rephrase the question in local terms, based on familiarity with the area
B. Read the question again or clarify the text in the survey
C. Go to the next question
D. Try to guess the best answer
B.
When administering a telephone survey, it is important to stick to the written script materials. Rereading questions and clarify text is fine; rephrasing material or guessing a participant's responses is not
Closed-ended questions:
A. Are not popular in survey research
B. Are easier to recode and analyze
C. Encourage the respondent to elaborate on responses
D. Should have a few, general response categories
B.
One of the advantages of closed-ended Qs is that they are easy to analyze
What is a major weakness of this survey item: "How old were you when your parents first took you to a restaurant? i. under 6 months; ii. 6 to 12 months; iii. 13 to 24 months; iv. 25 months or older?"
A. It is a double barreled question
B. It is not mutually exclusive
C. Respondents are not fully capable of answering
D. It uses jargon
C.
Respondents would not be able to remember when they were that young, and so would not be able to answer the question appropriately
What is NOT true of a good health-related research question? A. It can be answered empirically B. It identifies a topic but never a specific population C. It can be written as a question D. It is ethicalB. Health-related research questions are nearly always related to specific populations"Colorectal cancer among African American men in Alabama" A. Is not a good research question because the population is too specific B. Is a topic, not a question C. Can be a good research question if reworded as: "how can we eliminate the problem of colorectal cancer among African American men in AL?" D. Can be a good research question if reworded as: "What are the evidence-based interventions to detect colorectal cancer among African American men?"B. Neither of the research questions listed are workable - the first because it is highly unlikely that colorectal cancer could ever be eliminated because it has multiple determinants, all of which would need to be addressed differently. the second because that information already exists and is discoverable through a lit searchLack of flexibility, high likelihood of unanswered questions, a low response rate, and the inability to record extraneous reactions or comments are all limitations of what kinds of survey techniques? A. Mail B. Telephone C. Face-to-face D. Web-basedA. Web-based allow for more flexibility with complex skip patterns and reduce likelihood of unanswered questions. Face-to-face also reduce likelihood of unanswered Qs and allow for recording of nonverbalThe best data for understanding the needs of your audience generally come from: A. A large investment in primary research B. A combination of secondary sources and qual and quant primary research C. Extensive use of focus groups and in-depth interviews to gain rich, deep data about the audience and their needs D. An exhaustive review of the literatureB."The population in Country A experiences larger morbidity rates for several diseases than Country B. Both countries have similar per capita income. Therefore, the health differences must be caused by something other than income level." This is an example of: A. Tautology B. Reductionism C. Ecological fallacy D. SpuriousnessC. Ecological fallacy is an error in reasoning about differing units of analysis. Specifically, it is an error of using data generated from groups as the unit of analysis and attempting to draw conclusions about individuals. Per capita income is a summary measure at the level fo the country (the unit of analysis). We do not have info about the distribution of income among individuals, therefore we do not know if income is related to health outcomesThe following correctly describes triangulation, except that: A. Triangulation means using three approaches in studying a topic or setting B. Triangulation involves comparing different sources and points of observation C. Triangulation may help contextualize data gathered D. Triangulation may involve using more than one method of data gatheringA.