Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

SHRM-CP Definitions

Terms in this set (65)

Money an organization owes its vendors and suppliers.
Account Payable
Money an organization's customers owe the organization.
Accounts Receivable
Communication technique to increase the engagement between communicators and their audiences. It involves two-way communication and attention to nonverbal signs that indicate interest and reactions to the message and speaker.
Active Listening
Data-sorting technique in which a group categorizes and subcategorizes data until relationships are clearly drawn.
Affinity Diagramming
Financial, physical, and sometimes intangible properties an organization owns.
Assets
Statement of an organization's financial position at a specific point in time, showing assets, liabilities, and shareholder equity.
Balance Sheet
Exchange of anything of value to gain greater influence or preference.
Bribery
Presentation to management that establishes that a specific problem exists and argues for a proposed solution.
Business Case
Ability to use information to gain a deeper understanding of an organization and make sound business decisions
Business Intelligence
Statement of an organization's ability to meet its current and short-term obligations, showing incoming and outgoing cash and cash reserves in operations, investments, and financing.
Cash Flow Statement
Legal system based on written codes (laws, rules, or regulations).
Civil Law
Principles that guide decision making and behavior in an organization.
Code of Conduct
Legal system in which each case is considered in terms of how it relates to legal decisions that have already been made; evolves through judicial decisions over time.
Common Law
Treatment of personal information that has been disclosed to another person or organization.
Confidentiality
Situation in which a person or organization may benefit from undue influence due to involvement in outside activities, relationships, or investments that conflict with or have an impact on the employment relationship or its outcomes.
Conflict of Interests
Capacity to recognize, interpret, and behaviorally adapt to multicultural situations and contexts.
Cultural Intelligence
Basic beliefs, attitudes, values, behaviors, and customs shared and followed by members of a group, which give rise to the group's sense of identity.
Culture
Technique that progressively collects information from a group of anonymous respondents.
Delphi Technique
Concept that laws are enforced only through accepted, codified procedures.
Due Process
Ability to be sensitive to and understand one's own and others' emotions and impulses.
Emotional Intelligence
Business management software, usually a suite of integrated applications, that a company can use to collect, store, manage and interpret data from many business activities.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
Amount of owners' or shareholders' portion of a business.
Equity
Extension of the power of a country's laws over its citizens outside that country's sovereign national boundaries.
Extraterritoriality
In communication, structuring a message to include opportunities for correction or clarification. This requires two-way communication
Feedback Loop
Small group of invited persons (typically six to twelve) who actively participate in a structured discussion, led by a facilitator, for the purpose of eliciting their input.
Focus Group
Group decision-making tool designed to analyze the forces favoring and opposing a particular change. A factor is weighted, and the factors on each side are summed and compared.
Force Field Analysis
Process of constructing a message so that an audience sees communicated facts in a certain way and is persuaded to take a certain action.
Framing
Ability to take an international perspective, inclusive of other cultures' views.
Global Mindset
Ratio of gross profit to net sales.
Gross Profit Margin
Societies or groups characterized by complex, usually long-standing networks of relationships; members share a rich history of common experience, so the way they interact and interpret events is often not apparent to outsiders.
High Context Cultures
Statement that reports revenues, expenses, and profits for a specified period of time, for example, quarterly or annually
Income statements
Visualization of the impact of change on productivity. When change is introduced, there is typically a decrease in productivity and then a gradual return to—or, ideally, a surpassing of— previous levels of productivity.
J Curve
Right of a legal body to exert authority over a given geographical territory, subject matter, or persons or institutions.
Jurisdiction
Organization's debts and other financial obligations.
Liabilities
Societies in which relationships have less history; individuals know each other less well and don't share a common database of experience, so communication must be very explicit.
Low Context Cultures
Average score or value
Mean
Middle value in a range of values.
Median
Data-sorting technique in which group members add related ideas and indicate logical connections, eventually grouping similar ideas.
Mind Mapping
Value that occurs most frequently in a set of data.
Mode
Factors that initiate, direct, and sustain human behavior over time.
Motivation
Group decision-making tool in which the group defines the characteristics of a successful decision and then scores each alternative against those criteria.
Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA)
Process by which two or more parties work together to reach agreement on a matter.
Negotiation
Ratio of net income (gross sales minus expenses and taxes) to net sales.
Net Profit Margin
Process of developing mutually beneficial contacts through the exchange of information.
Networking
In communication, any factor that can disrupt the sending and receipt of a message—for example, physical factors such as loud environments, cultural factors such as a distinctive accent, or cognitive factors such as the use of unfamiliar jargon.
Noise
Technique in which participants each suggest ideas through a series of rounds and then discuss the items, eliminate redundancies and irrelevancies, and agree on the importance of the remaining items.
Nominal group technique (NGT)
Components of a message apart from its words. This could include physical gestures and posture and vocal tones, volume, and speed.
Nonverbals
Processing applications that store data in a multidimensional "cube," which enables users to analyze data quickly in a variety of different ways.
Online analytical processing (OLAP)
Process in which negotiators aim for mutual gain, emphasizing the need to focus on the problem instead of personal differences and on mutually beneficial outcomes.
Principled Negotiation
Comparing the sizes of two variables to produce an index or percentage; commonly used to analyze financial statements.
Ratio Analysis
Extent to which a measurement instrument provides consistent results.
Reliability
Type of analysis that starts with a result and then works backward to identify fundamental cause.
Root-Cause Analysis
Concept that stipulates that no individual is beyond the reach of the law and that authority is exercised only in accordance with written and publicly disclosed laws.
Rule of Law
Statistical method used to test the possible effects of altering the details of a strategy to see if the likely outcome can be improved.
Scenerio-What/If analysis
Ability to create connections or rapport with others
Social Intelligence
Concept that proposes that any organization operates within a complex environment in which it affects and is affected by a variety of forces or stakeholders who all share in the value of the organization and its activities.
Stakeholder Concept
Distance of any data point from the center of a distribution when data is distributed in a "normal" or expected pattern.
Standard Deviation
Extent to which an organization's agreements, dealings, information, practices, and transactions are open to disclosure and review by relevant persons.
Transparency
Statistical method that examines data from different points in time to determine if a variance is an isolated event or if it is part of a longer trend.
Trend Analysis
Raw average of data that gives equal weight to all values, with no regard for other factors.
Unweighted Mean
Extent to which a measurement instrument measures what it is intended to measure.
Validity
The benefit created when an organization meets its strategic goals; measure of usefulness, worth, or importance.
Value
The process by which an organization creates the product or service it offers to the customer.
Value Chain
Statistical method for identifying the degree of difference between planned and actual performance or outcomes.
Variance analysis
Average of data that adds factors to reflect the importance of different values.
Weighted Mean
Sets found in the same folder