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NSS Module

Terms in this set (316)

6 Sound Shipboard Operating Principles
formality

forceful backup

procedural compliance

integrity

questioning attitude

level of knowledge
3 SSOP processes
operational risk management (ORM)

incident reporting

planning, briefing, execution, debriefing (PBED)
helmsman must call headings when passing ___
cardinal directions
1 minute rule
speed (kts) x 100 = ft traveled in 1 minute
3 minute rule
speed (kts) x 100 = yd traveled in 3 minutes
6 minute rule
speed (kts) / 10 = NM traveled in 6 minutes
power train
source that turns the shaft, thus turns the propeller
tranverse thrust
side/paddlewheel force, forces stern to move sideways in direction of propeller rotation
low speed twist engine orders (DDG)
ahead 1/3, back 22% pitch
high speed twist engine orders (DDG)
ahead 1/3 for 7 kts, back 33% pitch
suction or screw current
Suction or Screw Current going into the propeller,
Discharge Current or Rudder Flow coming out of the propeller
As rudder flow increases, rudder effectiveness ___
increases
rudder effectiveness
the ship's turning rate is proportional to rudder angle
magnitude and ship's speed
Bare Steerageway
the minimum speed at which a rudder is
still effective (typically 2-3 kts) to maneuver the ship
rule of 30
rudder angle + speed = 30
what does the pivot point move towards?
the point of resistance (forward with an ahead bell, etc.)
Controllable Shiphandling Forces
lines, anchors, tugs, engines, rudders
Semi-Controllable Forces
shallow water effects, bank cushion/suction, passing ship effects
uncontrollable shiphandling forces
wind, current
split ship configuration
bow is controlled by a tug or
thrusters, the stern is controlled by engines and rudder
pier work with on-setting conditions
starboard twist and tug away
pier work with off-setting conditions
port twist and tug towards
immediate actions to MOB
1MC announcement
Hoist flag OSCAR
Pulsating red light
Six short blast
Locate and point to the man overboard
additional MOB actions
Throw a life ring in the direction of the man overboard
Throw smoke float in the direction of the man overboard
Determine the type of man overboard recovery
Locate the true winds and the best course to create a lee
Notify ships in vicinity via Very High Frequency (VHF)
types of personnel detection equipment
MOBI, SART, EPIRB
MOB recovery methods
small boat, forecastle, helos
Anderson recovery maneuver
rudder full to the side of the
casualty and increase the engines to
ahead full or flank, wind-ship-man
Williamson recovery maneuver
-rudder full to the side of the casualty
and increase the engines to ahead full
or flank
-after deviation from the original
course by 60º, the CONN will order
the rudder hard over to the opposite
side
-when the ship's heading is 15-20º
short of the reciprocal course, the
CONN will order rudder amidships
and steer the ship onto the reciprocal
course
race track recovery maneuver
reciprocal course
MOB search methods
sector, expanding square, parallel track turn
CO
responsible for the safe navigation of the ship, presence of a pilot does not relieve the CO of his or her duties
XO
required to be readily available to assist the CO and
the Navigator during all restricted water transits, ensures execution of the POD
NAV
responsible to the CO for the safe
navigation of the ship, advises the CO/XO/TAO/OOD on ship's movements
OOD
direct bridge representative of the CO, remains informed of ship's position and uses all tools to avoid hazards, executes POD, supervises bridge team, reports to CO/XO/NAV
where to find OOD guidance?
NAVDORM, Nav Bill, Standing Orders, Night orders, battle orders
JOOD
principle assistant to the underway OOD
CONN
directly controls the engine and rudder angle orders of the ship
BMOW
supervises and trains the enlisted members of the bridge watch team
QMOW
assists as representative of the navigator, manages deck log, etc.
special evolution watchstanders
ANav, Nav Evaluator, Nav Plotter, Bearing Recorder, Helm safety officer, fathometer operator
TAO
fights the ship, executes tactical decisions
CICWO
supervises all CIC watch officers
CSOOW
supervises ship's combat systems
additional supporting watchstanders
piloting officer, CIC Nav plotter, Nav recorder, CIC phone talker, shipping offers, EOOW
CO's standing orders
CO expectations and standard operating procedures for your ship while underway, at anchor, or in port
Standing orders usually include
Responsibilities
The Watch
Conning and Maneuvering
Required Reports
CO Approval Items
Navigation
Restricted Visibility
Man Overboard (MOB)
Anchoring
Restricted Maneuvering Doctrine
Engineering/Maximum Plant
Reliability
Steering Control
Small Boat Operations
Flight Deck Operations
Well Deck/Mission Bay
Operations
Towed Gear Operations
standing orders - conning and maneuvering
MoBoard requirements, CPA reports, traffic density, etc.
Restricted Maneuvering Doctrine
Guidance from the CO in order to place the safety of the ship and crew over the safety of equipment
Night Orders
supplement the CO's Standing Orders and often discuss the procedures for operating at night, supersede standing orders
watch turnover
**review information to pass and formal relieving procedures
situations that may require watch augmentation
Low Visibility Detail
Sea and Anchor Detail
Underway Replenishment Detail
Flight Quarters
Small Boat Operations
Search and Rescue (SAR)/Man Overboard (MOB) Detail
Personnel working aloft/over the side
great circle
intersection of a sphere and a plane through its
center (meridians, the equator)
small circle
intersection of a sphere and a place which
does not pass through its center (parallels of latitude)
types of speed
speed of advance, speed over ground, speed made good
true bearing =
Relative Bearing + True Heading
mercator projection
a projection of a map of the world onto a cylinder in such a way that all the parallels of latitude have the same length as the equator (rhumb lines)
gnomonic projection
a map made by projecting points and lines from a globe onto a piece of paper that touches the globe at a single point (great circles)
what is chart no. 1?
provides the reference for all nautical chart shapes and symbols
short range aids to navigation
any fixed, external, aid to be used visually or by radar to pilot in inland, coastal, and piloting waters
beacon
a stationary visual navaid
lighted beacons
lights
unlighted beacons
daybeacons
daymark
color or pattern on structures for identification during the day
buoy
a floating navaid
major light
A high-intensity and reliable light exhibited from a fixed structure or marine site
primary seacoast light
for making landfall from sea
secondary light
established at harbor entrances
minor light
Low-to-moderate intensity light used to mark a specific channel or location
leading/range lights
indicate a specific LOP when they fall in line
occulting light
a navigational light whose beam is interrupted at regular intervals by a brief period of darkness
flashing light
a light flashing on and off at regular intervals
isophase light
a light which has dark and light periods of equal length
sector lights
arcs of colored light to warn navigator of hazards to navigation when approaching from dangerous sectors
watch circle
circle a buoy drifts due to the length of the mooring chain
identifying buoy characteristics by day
color, shape, and topmark
identifying buoy characteristics by night
light color, phase characteristic
types of mark buoys
lateral marks
isolated danger marks
safe water marks
special marks
information/regulatory marks
lateral marks
show borders of channels and indicate direction
IALA A
red buoys mark the port side of the channel when returning from sea (used in most countries)
IALA B
red buoys mark the stbd side of the channel when returning from sea (red right returning, used in US, S. Am, and Japan)
isolated danger mark
Red and black. Danger with navigable water all around
safe water marks
Usually indicate the presence of a channel. red and white vertical stripes
special marks
Painted in yellow. Indicates: Prohibited areas, Limits of fish traps, Cable crossings, Anchorages, NOAA weather buoys
information/regulatory marks
mark danger areas, restricted areas, or exclude certain vessels; white with orange symbols
cardinal marks
indicate navigable water to the named side of the mark (pass to the cardinal direction from the buoy)
lateral buoyage system
best for channels
cardinal buoyage system
coasts with numerous isolated rocks, shoals, and islands, and for dangers
in the open sea
RACON (Radar beacon)
triggered by a ships RADAR, returns a signal which appears on the display of the triggering RADAR
RAYMARK (radar mark)
transmits continuously or at intervals
opening/closure rates
SRM between two vessels, opening if distance is increasing and vice versa
calculating if ahead or behind PIM
distance between planned position at time X + position at time X then divide by planned SOA
radian rule
lateral separation between vessels = distance from ship to ship in yd * angular difference / 20
typical lateral separation for destroyer UNREP
180 ft
surge rate
distance your ship will travel when slowing down to achieve position; distance traveled/change in speed
advance
distance vessel moves in initial direction from point where rudder is started over until the heading is changed
transfer
distance vessel moves perpendicular to initial point rudder starts over until heading changes
shadow zone
refers to the area in front of your bow you are unable to see due to your height of eye and the height of the bow
shadow zone calculation
height of bow*distance from bridge to bow / height of eye - height of bow
coastal piloting
Directing the movements of a vessel near a
coast by means of terrestrial reference points
fix
position determined without reference to any former position; the intersection of 3 or more lines of position
dead reckoning
determining a ship's position by adding to the last
fix the ship's course and speed for a given time
GPS fix
latitude and longitude provided by the
installed equipment or the common intersection of three or
more lines of position from two different waypoints
composite fix
uses multiple sources (i.e. visual and radar
LOPs) rather than a homogenous source (only visual LOPs) to develop a fix position
estimated position
most probable position of a vessel
order of a visual fix
bow, stern, beam
order of a radar fix
beam, bow, stern
tangent radar fix
-Identify a prominent object located on the chart and radar display
-Take a range measurement from that feature and plot it on the chart
-Determine the tangent bearings to the feature and plot them on the chart
running fix
a position determined by crossing lines of position
obtained at different times and advanced or retiring to a common time
Six Rules of Dead Reckoning
-Plot a DR position at least every hour on the hour while in open ocean
-Plot a DR position at every course change
-Plot a DR position at every speed change
-Plot a DR position when obtaining a fix or running fix
-Plot a DR position when obtaining a single line of position
-Label each fix with course, speed, and time. Draw a new course line from each fix or running fix as soon as it has been determined and plotted on the chart
set
the direction in which the ship is pushed from the DR
position
drift
the distance a vessel is moved by current and wind
danger bearing
maximum or minimum bearing of a point for safe passage of an off-lying danger
ECDIS
Electronic Charting Display Information System
ECS
Electronic Charting System
raster
digitized "picture" of a chart
vector
vector chart organizes data into separate files or
"layers"
types of operational waters
Restricted
Piloting
Coastal
Open Ocean
restricted waters NAVDORM guidelines
<2NM
FOM </= 2
max fix interval 3 min
piloting waters NAVDORM guidelines
2-10 NM
FOM </= 4
max fix interval 3-15 min
coastal waters NAVDORM guidelines
10-30 NM
FOM </= 6
max fix interval 15-30 min
open ocean NAVDORM guidelines
>30 NM
FOM </= 7
max fix interval 30 min (or as conditions warrant)
NAVSSI (Navigation Sensor System Interface)
distributes common position, velocity, time, and almanac data to onboard Command and Control and Combat Systems
AIS (automatic identification system)
provides surface vessels with counter intelligence
NGA
National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
magnetic compass theory
magnetic compass consists of a magnetized needle allowed to rotate in the horizontal plane; flux lines connect one pole to another (like poles repel and opposites attract)
types of magnetism that affect compasses
terrestrial (variation), induced (deviation), permanent
compass variation
error in the compass reading caused by the difference in location between the magnetic north pole and the true north pole
DIVTACS (divisional tactics)
achieved by a series of precision shipboard movements directed by an Officer in Tactical Control (OTC)
why DIVTACS?
close order seamanship drills, organized ships movements, Underway Replenishment, Group Sailing, Straits Transits, Danger Evasion
formation
ordered arrangement of two or more ships who
are sailing together
guide
ship on which other the ships take station when
forming or maintain their station when formed
standard distance
Unless otherwise ordered, distance will
be 500 yards between small ships and 1000 yards between a large ship and any other ship
column formation
ships are formed directly ahead or astern of guide
line abreast
line ships form on directly abeam of guide
line of bearing
line ships form on a specific relative or true bearing to guide
turn
alter course so all ships in company have same true position upon completion
corpen
alter course so all ships in company have same relative position upon completion
pivot ship
the wing ship in a maneuver
sample turn command
"TURN PORT 3ANS" (turn to port relative 35 degrees to present course) or "TURN STBD 090"
sample corpen/wheel command
"CORPEN STBD 9" (turn to stbd 90 relative to the present course) or
"CORPEN PORT 130"
guide changes to the ship that is formed on in these situations:
line guide, pivot ship, reverse order, diamond, wheel, search turn
search turn
the ship on the side away from the direction of the new course will become the Guide
The remaining ships will turn, in order, so when the turn is complete they are abeam of the guide on the new
course
screen kilo
maneuver used to organize ships and designate a
sector screen (ships take station in area designated by OTC)
screen kilo sector bearings
Sectors given in true direction from the guide so if guide turns, sector is the same but sector moves with guide
how to find to find reciprocal of what guide will bear when
you are on station
up 2 down 2: 090 -> 270; 345 -> 165
gyro error
If Gyro is Least, Error is East
If Gyro is Best, Error is West
calculating compass error
Compass bearing +/- Deviation = Magnetic +/- magnetic variation = true bearing (add east)
when should you recalibrate digital flux gate magnetic compass?
within 24 hours of any special evolution
advantages of gyro compass
seek true meridian, not affected by surrounding magnetism
disadvantages of gyro compass
constant source of power and regular maintainence required, takes a long time to recalibrate
causes of gyro error
friction, motion, electric, power
how many GPS satellites do we have?
31, 24 operational
benefits of GPS
all weather, free, any time, all purpose
disadvantages of GPS
EM interference, spoofing, jamming, errors
segments of GPS
space, control, user
figure of merit
internal GPS receiver calculation that indicates best accuracy achieveable
datum
a mathematical model of the Earth, which serves as the reference or base for calculating the geographic coordinates of a location
local time to GMT calculation
local time +/- zone description = GMT
GMT to local time calculation
reverse zone description and apply to GMT
where to find daylight savings time information?
coast pilots and sailing directions
bridge to bridge equipment
VHF radio, AIS, ARPA, bridge to bridge log
bridge to bridge channel 16
international hailing and distress channel
mayday
vessel in danger requiring immediate assistance
pan pan
urgent message concerning safety
securite
message concerning the safety of navigation or important meteorological warnings
working channels
routine duties and functions, identify channel then "switch to"
parts of a BtB transmission
Commence Bridge-to-Bridge Log Entry
Hail and Channel Change
Information Exchange
Confirmation of Information
Secure from Transmission
Conclude Bridge-to-Bridge Log Entry
how does radar work?
energy is transmitted from an antenna and
returned from a reflecting contact in the form of
an echo
s band radar
good for bad weather
x band radar
good for nav with lots of traffic
pulse length affects
how many contacts you see and fidelity of
radar picture
best radar beam for piloting waters
narrow beam
radar controls
brilliance, receiver gain control, fast time constant, sensitivity time constant
refraction
vertical bending of radar energy
super refraction
extended radar range
sub refraction
reduced radar range
diffraction
Occurs when an object causes a wave to change direction and bend around it
attenuation
absorption and scattering of energy by the various forms of precipitation/particles in the air
TAO/CICWO flight quarters
responsible to OOD for helo airborne control, except
during launch and landing
helo control officer
supervises all flight operations
Landing signalman enlisted
Visually signals to the pilot during take-off, landing, and approach; wears Yellow jacket
chock and chain personnel
secures helo to the deck after landing; wears Blue jacket
fueling team
Responsible for all fueling operations and maintaining fueling rigs used for helo operations, wears Purple jacket
crash and salvage team
responsible for rescuing personnel and fighting fires on flight deck, wears Red jacket
flight deck safety officer/landing safety officer
responsible for the general safety of all flight deck operations, wears White jacket
homing beacon
flashing white light on main mast to provide visual aid for pilot
flight deck status
red (air ops not permitted), amber (helo is being traversed or repositioned on flight deck
/ engaging or disengaging rotors), green (Ship must maintain course and speed, take off and
landing permitted)
wind envelope
indicates required wind directions and speeds for day and night flight operations
polar plots
shows event limits relative to ship speed and wave direction
landfall navigation
land must be above radar horizon
radar horizon
1.22 * sq rt of height of antenna
radar range
1.22 sq rt of height of antenna + 1.22 sq rt of height of target
coastal/piloting navigation
land will be within the horizon
Radar beacon
When it senses your incoming
RADAR pulse, it immediately
transmits a coded Morse signal,
always beginning with a dash
ARPA
Automatic Radar Plotting Aid
ARPA uses
collision avoidance, surface contact management, navigation
brilliance
brightness of radar display
receiver gain control
Sensitivity/intensity of radar echoes
Fast Time Constant (FTC)
Reduce clutter (attenuation) caused by weathwr
Sensitivity Time Control (STC)
Reduce clutter of sea effects
purpose of ATP-1 Vol II
facilitate dissemination of orders and information pertinent to allied operations
FLTTAC radio
Free unsecured net, uses all ATP-1 Vol II passing signals
how often do FLTTAC call signs change?
Daily
MARPOL
int'l convention covering prevention of pollution of marine environment
Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships
MARPOL implementation by Navy
Clean water act
Prohibits discharge of oil within 12 NM of coast
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Management of non-hazardous and hazardous solid waste including landfills and storage tanks. Set minimal standards for all waste disposal facilities and for hazardous wastes.
Hazardous waste
solid wastes with threat to human or marine life
oily waste
oil with water and other fluids that can't be used
waste oil
Oil whose characteristics have changed markedly since being originally refined and has become unsuitable for use, and is not considered economically recyclable
contiguous zone
12-24 NM from the coast
Territorial seas
area extending up to 12 nautical miles from coast in which a state has sovereignty (including exclusive fishing rights.)
grey water
waste water generated from processes such as washing dishes, bathing and laundry
Oily sheen
excess of 15 to 20 ppm of oil may be sufficient to cause a sheen
pollution control devices
Plastic processors, garbage shredders, oil content monitors, bilge water processing tank, marine sanitation devices, CHT
OPREP navy blue
naval activity, described mammal incident
Towing equipment
Padeyes, hawser, rope connector, turnbuckle, chafing chain, bullnose, stern chock
Catenary
Curve of line between two ships, absorbs shock and movements
In step
Simultaneous rise and fall of wind and sea
Towing approaches
45 degree approach (moderate winds and seas), backdown (light winds), parallel (mod winds and seas, stbd quarter)
Don't cross the T in
Heavy weather
STREAM
standard tensioned replenishment alongside method
SURF
Standard Underway Replenishment Fixture
Ram tensioner
keeps the spanwire/highline tensioned
Who is has tactical control in an UNREP?
The oiler
waiting station
Match speed of delivery ship and wait at 300-500 yd astern
Lifeguard station
1000yd astern to recover lost goods
DDG-79+ displacement
9200 tons
DDG-79+ length
509 ft
DDG beam
66 ft
DDG pelorous
180 ft
DDG draft
32.5 ft
DDG Air draft (height above waterline)
122 ft
DDG height of eye
56 ft
DDG shadow distance
160 ft
DDG propulsion plant
4 Gas turbine engines, 100000 HP
DDG electrical plant
3 Gas turbine generators
DDG Shafts and rudders
2 of each
DDG Max speed
30+ kts
Marlin spike seamanship
Art of handling line and rope
Rope
fiber and wire rope
Line
Rope, fiber, or synthetics with specific purpose
turn
single wind or bight of rope
bight
a half loop formed by turning the line back on itself
round turn
formed by making a loop and then bringing the two ends of the rope parallel to each other
ways to store rope
flemish, faking, coiling
rat tailed stopper
holds mooring line to keep tension on capstan
moosing
wire wrapped outside of hook
heaving line and ball
weighted orange safety ball on line
splicing
joining ends of rope or line together
eye splice
installing thimbles or eyes permanently in wire rope
chocks
Heavy fittings with smooth surfaces through which mooring lines are led
bitts
heavy cylinders for making fast lines fed through chocks
bollard
post on dock or pier for mooring
cleat
metal device for mooring
pad eye
A fitting having an eye integral with a plate or base in order to distribute the strain over a greater area and to provide ample means of securing
bullnose
A hole in the bow used for being towed or mooring to a buoy
mooring lines
spring (prevent forward and aft motion), breast (prevent lateral motion)
line types
spectra, double bread, four strand
springing
rotating by moving forward/aft against spring line and developing angle
snubbing
mooring technique, no tug, capstan on line twists bow to pier
dip the eye
look one eye through first, can cast off without interference
tattletale line
warns of danger of working load
frapping
wrap mooring line with small line to bind two together
rat guard
metal disks that last mooring line together
types of ladders
jacob's, pilot's, accomodation
line handling team
1st LT, BMC, deck department, line POIC, safety observers, line handlers
deck PPE
Mk 1 life preserver, IBL, hard hat with chin strap
types of anchors
standard navy stockless, commercial stockless, mushroom cap, danforth, navy type stock
anchor components
Ring
Shank
Fluke
Crown
Shoulder
how long is a shot of chain
15 fathoms, 90 ft
hawespipe
tunnel over the side
stages of anchoring
anchorage selection, navigation prep, deck preparation, anchoring execution, post anchor navigation
holding factor
based on the bottom type, determines scope of chain
swing circle
The amount of chain let out plus the length of the ship
drag circle
Scope of chain plus, distance hawespipe to centerline pelorus
ballast
water added to increase draft of ship
condition 1A
Readiness condition set for wet well operations
wedge
physical shape of water when filling well deck
alive
when small craft start to float in the well
sill
aftermost part; stern gate lowers to allow small craft out
aav launch and recovery
speed up to 21.5 kts, 90% stern gate and 1 ft water in sill; bare steerageway into the seas, ballast for 4-6ft wedge and stern gate at stops
LCAC launch and recover
into winds, 3-15 kts, 10% below horizontal, 0-6in of water
weather and navigation
Wind and sea state affect dead reckoning.
Reduced visibility limits piloting.
Celestial observations may not be available.
Affects electronic navigation and radio communications.
weather elements
Temperature (Sea and Water).
Humidity.
Air pressure.
Wind speed and direction.
Cloud formation and types.
types of weather fronts
cold, warm, stationary, occluded
types of fog
radiation, advection, upslope, steam, precipitation
wave fetch
area of ocean or lake surface over which the wind blows in an essentially constant direction, thus generating waves
beaufort scale measures
sea state
how to determine distance of storm
fall of barometer
notify CO of weather changes
Visibility decreases to ≤5NM
Precipitation changes state (e.g., liquid to solid; rain to snow / freezing rain /
ice).
Pressure change of ≥3 millibars (.03 in Hg) within past 3 hours.
Temperature Dew Point spread of ≤3 degrees Fahrenheit.
Wind shift of 30-45 degrees in an hour. Sustained winds ≥34 knots.
Sea state builds 3-5 feet in 3 hours. Seas building ≥12'.
Unusual weather event (e.g., Waterspout, Squall, Unexpected Lightning,
Volcanic eruptions, etc).
navy weather centers
Naval Maritime
Forecast Center, Pearl
Harbor, HI
Naval Maritime
Forecast Activity,
Norfolk, VA
OTSR
optimum track ship routing and Requested to the Fleet Weather Center, recommendations to minimize exposure to heavy weather.
WEAX
weather forecast
AVWX
aviation weather report
factors for hurricane sortie
Storm Intensity, Size, Strength, and Speed
Probability of Strike
(synoptics, angle of approach)
## of vessels, size, speed
Time window to clear last vessel
Vessel Route (safe, heavy seas, etc...)
cold weather affects on personnel
hypothermia, dehydration, frostbite, topside icing, reduced battery, reduced viscosity
ice accretion
Accumulation of ice on rigging,
deckhouses, and deck areas, depends on wind air and sea temp
tide
The periodic rise and fall of the level of water in the ocean
perigee
point in an orbit that moon is closest to the earth
apogean
point in an orbit that moon is farther to the earth
spring tides
a tide just after a new or full moon, when there is the greatest difference between high and low water
neap tides
decreased range between tides
tidal datum
The reference level to which tidal height is compared
low tide/low water
The minimum height when the tide falls
stand
The state of the tide at high or low water when there
is no sensible change in the height of the tide
tide reference station
A tide station for which independent daily
predictions are given in the Tide Tables
negative tide
A tide that occurs when the water level is below
the tide average low or lower low water line
tidal current
A horizontal movement of the water caused by
gravitational interactions between the Sun, Moon, and Earth
flood current
toward shore
ebb current
away from shore
stand water
no flow of current
Purpose of NAVDORM
publishes Type Commander (TYCOM) minimum
navigation policies, procedures, and organizational standards for all surface ships
chapters of the NAVDORM
Introduction
Duties and Responsibilities
Standard Policies, Requirements, and Procedures
Supplemental Policies, Requirements, and Procedures
Expeditionary Craft
Records, Logs, and Forms
twelve appendices
A: Squadron/Group Staff Navigation Assessment
B: Navigation Brief
C: Sample Checklists
D: Ship's Position Report
E: Charts and Publications
F: Navigation Training Resources
G: Definitions
H: VMS 7.X/8.X Display Features
I: VMS 9.1/9.3/9.4 Display Features
J: Navigation Bill
K: Standard Day's Work in Navigation
L: References
ISIC
Immediate Superior in Command
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...