Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

biology chapter 14-18 quiz

Terms in this set (414)

Based on his observations from the Galápagos Islands, Darwin formed his hypothesis of ________ selection.
natural
Darwin observed differences in environment, behavior, and anatomy in birds called
finches
Darwin noticed the variation in _______ shape and feeding habits among finches.
beak
Darwin's observations of the finches led him to hypothesize that the finches on the Galápagos Island were descended from a
common ancestor
Darwin proposed that over time, the beaks in different populations of Galápagos finches changed in response to the type of food available, a process he referred to as descent with
modification
Furthermore, these variations must be _______, meaning that they can be genetically passed from parent to offspring.
heritable
In other words, natural selection is a process that results in the _______ of organisms that are most adapted to living in their environment.
evolution
Imagine that individuals with a certain allele (B) have adaptations that allow them to produce more offspring in a particular environment compared to those without the allele. However, individuals with the B allele also have shorter life spans than those without the allele. How would you predict the allele frequencies in the population will change through subsequent generations?
The B allele will become more common only if the individuals reach reproductive ages.
true or false A selective force (such as antibiotics) must be present for DNA mutations to occur.
false
What occurred in the red bacterial cell that generated genetic diversity and allowed natural selection to later act on this population of bacteria?
mutation occurred
The fossil record consists mainly of _____, shells, or teeth because these remains are usually preserved when organisms become buried in sediment.
bones
Fossils allow scientists to trace the successive ________ in organisms over time.
change
The age of fossils can be determined using radioactive ______ dating.
isotope
In addition to showing the descent of organisms, fossils can also often show us _________ organisms which existed between an extinct and a modern day organism.
intermediate
Structures that are anatomically similar because they were inherited from a common ancestor are called homologous structures.
similar
Recommended textbook explanations

Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry

7th EditionDavid L Nelson, Michael M. Cox
634 explanations

Campbell Biology

11th EditionLisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Peter V Minorsky, Steven A. Wasserman
1,678 explanations

Campbell Biology: Concepts and Connections

9th EditionEric J. Simon, Jane B. Reece, Jean L. Dickey, Kelly A. Hogan, Martha R. Taylor
614 explanations

Biology

2nd EditionJung Choi, Mary Clark, Matthew Douglas
1,296 explanations