Hematologic/Cardiovascular Drugs

Colony Stimulating Factors

Stimulates Blood Production
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Epoetin Alfa EPO
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Terms in this set (70)
Colony Stimulating Factors

Stimulates Blood Production
Store in Refrigerator

Epoetin Alfa EPO
Epogen, Procrit
Colony Stimulating Factors

Stimulates Blood Production
Store in Refrigerator

Filgrastim (G-CSF)
Neupogen
Colony Stimulating Factors

Stimulates Blood Production
Store in Refrigerator

Sargramostim
Leukine
Thrombin Inhibitors
Used for increased risk of bleeding or hemorrhage
Inhibits the effects of thrombin in the clotting cascade

Adv Reactions:
GI Upset
Brusiing, bleeding

Pt Ed:
Avoid Alcohol
Report unusual bleeding

Dabigatran etexilate
Pradaxa
Thrombolytics "clot busters"
Increased risk of bleeding hemorrhage

Dissolution of blood clots in the case of obstructed arteries.

MOA: Activates the fibrinolytic system, and dissolves the fibrin network in a blood clot.

Pt Ed: Inpatient use only.

Adverse Reaction: Bleeding

Alteplace T-PA
Activase
Thrombolytics "clot busters"
Increased risk of bleeding hemorrhage

Dissolution of blood clots in the case of obstructed arteries.

MOA: Activates the fibrinolytic system, and dissolves the fibrin network in a blood clot.

Pt Ed: Inpatient use only.

Adverse Reaction: Bleeding

Tenecteplace
TNKase
Anticoagulants
Increased risk of bleeding or hemorrhage.
Prevention of blood clots/inhibits clotting factors.
Inhibits clotting factor.
Adverse Reactions: Bruising, bleeding
Pt Ed:
Avoid alcohol
Report unusual bleeding
Contraindications:
Warfarin drug interactions

Warfarin
Coumadin
Anticoagulants
Increased risk of bleeding or hemorrhage.
Prevention of blood clots/inhibits clotting factors.
Inhibits clotting factor.
Adverse Reactions: Bruising, bleeding
Pt Ed:
Avoid alcohol
Report unusual bleeding

Enoxaparin
Lovenox
Anticoagulants
Increased risk of bleeding or hemorrhage.
Prevention of blood clots/inhibits clotting factors.
Inhibits clotting factor.
Adverse Reactions: Bruising, bleeding
Pt Ed:
Avoid alcohol
Report unusual bleeding

Heparin
No Trade Name
Antiplatelets
Increased risk of bleeding or hemorrhage
Prevention of blood clots.
Inhibits platelet formation.
Adverse Reactions:
Black stool, bruising, and bleeding.
Pt Ed:
May discolor urince or feces
Contraindications:
Avoid concomitant use with warfarin.

Aspirin
Bayer, Aspirin, Ecotrin
Antiplatelets Increased risk of bleeding or hemorrhage Prevention of blood clots. Inhibits platelet formation. Adverse Reactions: Black stool, bruising, and bleeding. Pt Ed: May discolor urince or feces Contraindications: Avoid concomitant use with warfarin. ClopidogrelPlavixAntiplatelets Increased risk of bleeding or hemorrhage Prevention of blood clots. Inhibits platelet formation. Adverse Reactions: Black stool, bruising, and bleeding. Pt Ed: May discolor urince or feces Contraindications: Avoid concomitant use with warfarin. PrasurgelEffientCoagulants Used as antidotes Primary Indication: Protamine-Heparin Overdose, Inpatient use only MOA: Protamine neutralizes anticoagulant activity of heparin. Protamine SulfateNo Trade NameCoagulants Used as antidotes Phytonadione-warfarin overdose Phytonadione-stimulates the synthesis of clotting factors. Phytonadione (Vitamin K)MephytonCoagulants Factor VIIa is usually used in traumatic hemorrhage Primary Indication: Hemophillia Traumatic Hemorrhage MOA: Replaces deficient clotting factors to form a stable clot. Pt Ed: Inpatient Use Only Factor VIIaNovo SevenCoagulants Factor VIIa is usually used in traumatic hemorrhage Primary Indication: Hemophillia Traumatic Hemorrhage MOA: Replaces deficient clotting factors to form a stable clot. Pt Ed: Inpatient Use Only Factor VIIIKogenateVitamin And Mineral Supplements Tx of Anemia, vitamin/mineral deficiencies MOA: Replaces depleted vitamins/minerals Adverse Reactions: Constipation, GI Upset (FeSO4) PT ED: Take FESO4 on empty stomach but if GI Upset then may take with food or milk. FESO4 may discolor urine or feces. FESO4 Ferrous SulfateFer-in-Sol, FeosolVitamin And Mineral Supplements Tx of Anemia, vitamin/mineral deficiencies MOA: Replaces depleted vitamins/minerals Adverse Reactions: Constipation Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12)No Trade NameVitamin And Mineral Supplements Tx of Anemia, vitamin/mineral deficiencies MOA: Replaces depleted vitamins/minerals Adverse Reactions: Constipation Folic AcidNo Trade NameAlpha1 Adrenergic Blockers Hypertension&BPH MOA:Produces vascular relaxation, which reduces peripheral resistance and lowers blood pressure. Adverse Reactions: dizziness/drowsiness, HA PT ED: avoid alcohol DoxazosinCarduraAlpha1 Adrenergic Blockers Hypertension&BPH MOA:Produces vascular relaxation, which reduces peripheral resistance and lowers blood pressure. Adverse Reactions: dizziness/drowsiness, HA PT ED: avoid alcohol PrazosinMinipressAlpha1 Adrenergic Blockers Hypertension&BPH MOA:Produces vascular relaxation, which reduces peripheral resistance and lowers blood pressure. Adverse Reactions: dizziness/drowsiness, HA PT ED: avoid alcohol TerazosinHytrinAngiotension Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors Hypertension MOA: Inhibits ACE, reduces peripheral resistance/lowers b/p Adverse Reactions: dry cough, dizziness, drowsiness, hyperkalemia Pt Ed: Avoid Alcohol Contraindications: Avoid use during pregnancy BenazeprilLotensinAngiotension Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors Hypertension MOA: Inhibits ACE, reduces peripheral resistance/lowers b/p Adverse Reactions: dry cough, dizziness, drowsiness, hyperkalemia Pt Ed: Avoid Alcohol Contraindications: Avoid use during pregnancy CaptoprilCapotenAngiotension Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors Hypertension MOA: Inhibits ACE, reduces peripheral resistance/lowers b/p Adverse Reactions: dry cough, dizziness, drowsiness, hyperkalemia Pt Ed: Avoid Alcohol Contraindications: Avoid use during pregnancy EnalaprilVasotecAngiotension Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors Hypertension MOA: Inhibits ACE, reduces peripheral resistance/lowers b/p Adverse Reactions: dry cough, dizziness, drowsiness, hyperkalemia Pt Ed: Avoid Alcohol Contraindications: Avoid use during pregnancy LisinoprilPrinivil, ZestrilAngiotension Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors Hypertension MOA: Inhibits ACE, reduces peripheral resistance/lowers b/p Adverse Reactions: dry cough, dizziness, drowsiness, hyperkalemia Pt Ed: Avoid Alcohol Contraindications: Avoid use during pregnancy RamiprilAltaceAngiotension II ARBS Inhibits Angiotension II, lowering blood pressure. Tx: Hypertension Adverse Reactions: abdominal pain Pt Ed: avoid alcohol Contraindications: avoid use during pregnancy CandesartanAtacandAngiotension II ARBS Inhibits Angiotension II, lowering blood pressure. Tx: Hypertension Adverse Reactions: abdominal pain Pt Ed: avoid alcohol Contraindications: avoid use during pregnancy IrbesartanAvaproAngiotension II ARBS Inhibits Angiotension II, lowering blood pressure. Tx: Hypertension Adverse Reactions: abdominal pain Pt Ed: avoid alcohol Contraindications: avoid use during pregnancy LosartanCozaarAngiotension II ARBS Inhibits Angiotension II, lowering blood pressure. Tx: Hypertension Adverse Reactions: abdominal pain Pt Ed: avoid alcohol Contraindications: avoid use during pregnancy TelmisartanMicardisAngiotension II ARBS Inhibits Angiotension II, lowering blood pressure. Tx: Hypertension Adverse Reactions: abdominal pain Pt Ed: avoid alcohol Contraindications: avoid use during pregnancy ValsartanDiovanBeta-Adrenergic Blockers tx: HTN, Angina Pectoris, Post MI MOA: decrease b/p and force of contractions, lowers cardiac output adverse reactions: n&v, bradycardia contraindications: use caution in patients with diabetes or asthma PropranololInderalBeta-Adrenergic Blockers tx: HTN, Angina Pectoris, Post MI MOA: decrease b/p and force of contractions, lowers cardiac output adverse reactions: n&v, bradycardia contraindications: use caution in patients with diabetes or asthma SotalolbetapaceBeta-Adrenergic Blockers tx: HTN, Angina Pectoris, Post MI MOA: decrease b/p and force of contractions, lowers cardiac output adverse reactions: n&v, bradycardia contraindications: use caution in patients with diabetes or asthma atenololtenorminBeta-Adrenergic Blockers tx: HTN, Angina Pectoris, Post MI MOA: decrease b/p and force of contractions, lowers cardiac output adverse reactions: n&v, bradycardia contraindications: use caution in patients with diabetes or asthma metoprolollopressorBeta-Adrenergic Blockers tx: HTN, Angina Pectoris, Post MI MOA: decrease b/p and force of contractions, lowers cardiac output adverse reactions: n&v, bradycardia contraindications: use caution in patients with diabetes or asthma CarvedilolCoregBeta-Adrenergic Blockers tx: HTN, Angina Pectoris, Post MI MOA: decrease b/p and force of contractions, lowers cardiac output adverse reactions: n&v, bradycardia contraindications: use caution in patients with diabetes or asthma LabetalolTrandateCalcium Channel Blockers Tx: Angina pectoris, arrythmias, HTN decreases peripheral resistance, heart rate, lowering blood pressure and cardiac ouput Contraindications: Monitor for signs of CHF AmlodipineNorvascCalcium Channel Blockers Tx: Angina pectoris, arrythmias, HTN decreases peripheral resistance, heart rate, lowering blood pressure and cardiac ouput Contraindications: Monitor for signs of CHF DiltiazemCardizem, TiazacCalcium Channel Blockers Tx: Angina pectoris, arrythmias, HTN decreases peripheral resistance, heart rate, lowering blood pressure and cardiac ouput Contraindications: Monitor for signs of CHF NifedipineAdalat CC, ProcardiaCalcium Channel Blockers Tx: Angina pectoris, arrythmias, HTN decreases peripheral resistance, heart rate, lowering blood pressure and cardiac ouput Contraindications: Monitor for signs of CHF VerapamilCalan, IsoptinCentrally Acting Agents Hypertension Adverse Reactions: dry mouth Methyldopa is safe to use in pregnancy. Mimics parasympathetic activity on hte heart reducing heart rate and force of contraction. MethyldopaAldometCentrally Acting Agents Clonidine inhibits norepinephrine release from the PNS, reducing sympathetic effects. Adverse reactions: dry mouth ClonidineCatapressPeripheral Vasodilators Injectable forms of these drugs are used for hypertensive crisis. Tx: HTN decreases peripheral resistance and reduces blood pressure by relaxing vascular smooth muscle. Adverse Reactions: gi upset, edema Pt ed: take with food or milk, avoid alcohol hydralazineapresolinePeripheral Vasodilators Injectable forms of these drugs are used for hypertensive crisis. Tx: HTN decreases peripheral resistance and reduces blood pressure by relaxing vascular smooth muscle. Adverse Reactions: gi upset, edema Pt ed: take with food or milk, avoid alcohol nitroprusside *rapid injection may cause cyanide toxicitynitropressVasopressors Tx: Hypotensive Shock MOA: Increase rate and force of cardiac contractions increasing blood pressure. *Inpatient use only-emergency situations. Adverse reactions:HTN Epinephrine *used for anaphylaxisEpi PenVasopressors Tx: Hypotensive Shock MOA: Increase rate and force of cardiac contractions increasing blood pressure. *Inpatient use only-emergency situations. Adverse reactions:HTN DopamineNo Trade NameVasopressors Tx: Hypotensive Shock MOA: Increase rate and force of cardiac contractions increasing blood pressure. *Inpatient use only-emergency situations. Adverse reactions:HTN NorepinephrineLevophedVasopressors Tx: Hypotensive Shock MOA: Increase rate and force of cardiac contractions increasing blood pressure. *Inpatient use only-emergency situations. Adverse reactions:HTN PhenylephrineNo Trade NameBlood Volume Expanders Tx: Hypotensive Shock MOA: Increase blood volume, stabilizing blood pressure. Adverse Reactions: HTN *Inpatient use only. AlbuminNo Trade NameBlood Volume Expanders Tx: Hypotensive Shock MOA: Increase blood volume, stabilizing blood pressure. Adverse Reactions: HTN *Inpatient use only. HetastarchHespanBile Acid Sequestrants TX: Hyperlipidemia MOA: Remove cholesterol by eliminating bile acids. Adverse Reactions: GI Upset Pt Ed: take 1 hour prior or 4 hours after other drugs *causes decreased absorption of many other drugs CholestryamineQuestranBile Acid Sequestrants TX: Hyperlipidemia MOA: Remove cholesterol by eliminating bile acids. Adverse Reactions: GI Upset Pt Ed: take 1 hour prior or 4 hours after other drugs *causes decreased absorption of many other drugs ColestipolColestidFibric Acid Derivatives (Fibrates) Tx: Hyperlipidemia MOA: Lowers triglycerides levels Adv Reaactions: gi upset fenofibrateTriCorFibric Acid Derivatives (Fibrates) Tx: Hyperlipidemia MOA: Lowers triglycerides levels Adv Reaactions: gi upset GemfibrozilLopidNicotinic Acid Derivatives Tx: Hyperlipidemia MOA: Raises HDL, lowers LDL&Triglycerides Adverse Reactions: vasodilation Pt ed: take with food, avoid alcohol Niacin (vitamin B3)NiaspanHMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins) Drugs of choice in treating hyperlipidemia. MOA: Lower LDL cholesterol Adverse Reaction: GI Upset Pt Ed: take at the same time every evening avoid grapefruit juice Contraindications: Requires periodic liver function test. AtorvastatinLipitorHMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins) Drugs of choice in treating hyperlipidemia. MOA: Lower LDL cholesterol Adverse Reaction: GI Upset Pt Ed: take at the same time every evening avoid grapefruit juice Contraindications: Requires periodic liver function test. PravastatinPravacholHMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins) Drugs of choice in treating hyperlipidemia. MOA: Lower LDL cholesterol Adverse Reaction: GI Upset Pt Ed: take at the same time every evening avoid grapefruit juice Contraindications: Requires periodic liver function test. RosuvastatinCrestorHMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins) Drugs of choice in treating hyperlipidemia. MOA: Lower LDL cholesterol Adverse Reaction: GI Upset Pt Ed: take at the same time every evening avoid grapefruit juice Contraindications: Requires periodic liver function test. SimvastatinZocorNitrates Tx: Angina pectoris relax and dilate large arteries and veins, increasing oxygen to the myocardium Adverse Reactions: HA, facial flushing Contraindications: avoid concurrent use with PDE5 inhibitors Isosorbride dinitrateIsordilNitrates Tx: Angina pectoris relax and dilate large arteries and veins, increasing oxygen to the myocardium Adverse Reactions: HA, facial flushing Contraindications: avoid concurrent use with PDE5 inhibitors isosorbide mononitrateImdurNitrates Tx: Angina pectoris relax and dilate large arteries and veins, increasing oxygen to the myocardium Adverse Reactions: HA, facial flushing Contraindications: avoid concurrent use with PDE5 inhibitors NitrogylcerinNitro-dur, Nitro-statCardiac Glycosides Narrow therapeutic index-causes nephrotoxicity Tx: Heart failure, arrhytthmias MOA: Increase the force of the heart's contractions Adv Reactions: hypokalemia, yellowing of vision Pt ed: maintain adequate potassium intake Contraindications: renal impaired patients avoid rapid calcium infusions Digoxinlanoxinantiarrhythmics tx:arrhytmias moa:prolongs action potential pt ed: avoid grapefruit adv reactions: hypotension amiodaronecordaroneantiarrhythmics tx:arrhytmias moa:prolongs action potential pt ed: avoid grapefruit adv reactions: hypotension LidocaineXylocaineantiarrhythmics tx:arrhytmias moa:prolongs action potential pt ed: avoid grapefruit adv reactions: hypotension ProcainamideProcanantiarrhythmics tx:arrhytmias moa:prolongs action potential pt ed: avoid grapefruit adv reactions: hypotension QuinidineQuinagluteantiarrhythmics tx:arrhytmias moa:prolongs action potential pt ed: avoid grapefruit adv reactions: hypotension Sotalolbetapace