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Bio 5

Terms in this set (50)

e. all of these
In simple diffusion
a. the rate of movement of molecules is controlled by temperature and pressure
b. the movement of individual molecules is random
c. the movement of molecules of one substance is independent of the movement
of any other substance.
d. the net movement is away from the region of highest concentration
e. all of these
d. diffusion
Which of the following is NOT a form of active transport?
a. sodium-potassium pump
b. endocytosis
c. exocytosis
d. diffusion
d. active transport
Movement of a molecule against a concentration gradient is
a. simple diffusion
b. facilitated diffusion
c. osmosis
d. active transport
e. passive transport
b. proteins
The carrier molecules used in active transport are
a. calcium ions
b. proteins
c. lipids
d. carbohydrates
c. The cell shrinks.
A single-celled freshwater organism, such as a protistan, is transferred to salt water.
Which of the following is likely to happen?
a. The cell bursts.
b. Salt is pumped out of the cell.
c. The cell shrinks.
d. Enzymes flow out of the cell.
b. A cell placed in a hypotonic solution will swell.
Which statement is true?
a. A cell placed in an isotonic solution will swell.
b. A cell placed in a hypotonic solution will swell.
c. A cell placed in a hypotonic solution will shrink.
d. A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will remain the same size.
e. A cell placed in a hypotonic solution will remain the same size.
d. phagocytosis
White blood cells use _____ to get rid of foreign particles in the blood.
a. simple diffusion
b. bulk flow
c. osmosis
d. phagocytosis
e. facilitated diffusion
c. osmosis
This process specifically moves water molecules across a differentially permeable
membrane.
a. simple diffusion
b. facilitated diffusion
c. osmosis
d. active transport
d. when a plant with flexible cell walls is placed in a hypertonic solution
Wilting of a plant occurs
a. if the plant is placed in an isotonic solution
b. if there is a rise in turgor pressure
c. as a result of facilitated diffusion
d. when a plant with flexible cell walls is placed in a hypertonic solution
a. secretion of cell products
All of the following are associated with the process of endocytosis EXCEPT
a. secretion of cell products
b. endocytic vesicles
c. "coated pits"
d. surface receptors
e. phagocytosis
b. temperatures are low
The rate of diffusion through a semipermeable membrane will be lowest when which of the following are true?
a. concentration gradients are steep
b. temperatures are low
c. solutes are small molecules
d. temperatures are high
a. move into the cell
Immerse a living cell in a hypertonic solution, and eater will tend to _____.
a. move into the cell
b. move out of the cell
c. show no net movement
d. move in by endocytosis
d. b and c are correct
_______ can readily diffuse across a lipid bilayer.
a. glucose
b. oxygen
c. carbon dioxide
d. b and c are correct
b. active transport
Potassium ions cross a membrane through transport proteins that receive an energy boost. This is an example of_____.
a. passive transport
b. active transport
c. facilitated diffusion
d. both a and c
a. isotonic
A solution that has the same concentration of solute as the interior of a cell is said to be _____.
a. isotonic
b. hypotonic
c. hypertonic
d. equotonic
b. hypotonic
A solution that has a lower concentration of solute as compared to the interior of a cell is said to be ____.
a. isotonic
b. hypotonic
c. hypertonic
d. equotonic
c. hypertonic
A solution that has a higher concentration of solute as compared to the interior of a cell is said to be ____.
a. isotonic
b. hypotonic
c. hypertonic
d. equotonic
a. simple diffusion
This phenomenon explains the movement of any kind of molecule from areas of higher concentration to ones of lower concentration.
a. simple diffusion
b. facilitated diffusion
c. osmosis
d. active transport
b. facilitated diffusion
This is the process whereby a protein assists in simple diffusion.
a. simple diffusion
b. facilitated diffusion
c. osmosis
d. active transport
d. active transport
This explains the movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
a. simple diffusion
b. facilitated diffusion
c. osmosis
d. active transport
e. all but glucose
Which of the following does NOT need a transport protein to cross the cell membrane?
a. water
b. carbon dioxide
c. glucose
d. oxygen
e. all but glucose
c. Miescher
Who discovered what would eventually be called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
a. Griffith
b. Avery
c. Miescher
d. Watson
e. Crick
b. it demonstrated that harmless cells had become permanently transformed though a change in the bacterial hereditary system.
The significance of Fred Griffith's experiment in which he used two strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae is that
a. the semiconservative nature of DNA replication was finally demonstrated..
b. it demonstrated that harmless cells had become permanently transformed though a change in the bacterial hereditary system.
c. it demonstrated that pure DNA extracted from disease-causing bacteria transformed killer strains into harmless strains.
d. it demonstrated that radioactively labeled bacteriophages transfer their DNA
but not their protein coats to their host bacteria.
e. all of these.
b. Mice injected with heat-killed S bacteria die.
Which statement is NOT true about Fred Griffith's experiments?
a. Mice injected with S bacteria die.
b. Mice injected with heat-killed S bacteria die.
c. Mice injected with heat-killed S bacteria and live R bacteria die.
d. Mice injected with R bacteria live.
e. S bacteria material was transferred into harmless R bacteria, which put it to use.
a. Avery & fellow biochemists
Which scientist(s) identified the transforming substance involved in changing R
bacteria to S?
a. Avery & fellow biochemists
b. Watson
c. Chargaff
d. Hershey and Chase
e. Pauling
c. viruses
Bacteriophages are
a. large bacteria
b. pathogens (disease-producing bacteria)
c. viruses
d. cellular components
e. protistans
b. establishing most of the principal structural features of DNA.
Rosalind Franklin's research contribution was essential in
a. establishing the principle of base-pairing
b. establishing most of the principal structural features of DNA.
c. sequencing DNA molecules.
d. determining the bonding energy of DNA molecules.
d. Watson and Crick
In 1953, who proposed the concept of the double helix as it pertains to a DNA
molecule?
a. Avery
b. Griffith
c. Chargaff
d. Watson and Crick
e. Hershey and Chase
b. twisted ladder
The DNA molecule could be compared to a
a. hairpin
b. twisted ladder
c. key
d. globular mass
e. flat plate
d. guanine is paired with cytosine
In the bonding of nitrogenous bases in DNA
a. adenine is paired with cytosine
b. adenine is paired with guanine
c. cytosine is paired with thymine
d. guanine is paired with cytosine
e. two of the above are correct
a. double-ringed purines
Adenine and guanine are
a. double-ringed purines
b. single-ringed purines
c. double-ringed pyrimidines
d. single-ringed pyrimidines
e. amino acids
d. X-ray diffraction
Rosalind Franklin used which technique to determine many of the physical characteristics of DNA?
a. transformation
b. transmission electron microscopy
c. density-gradient centrifugation
d. X-ray diffraction
e. all of these
e. all of these
In the pairing of two nucleotides within the double helix
a. hydrogen bonds are used.
b. adenine and thymine bind together.
c. purines bind with pyrimidines.
d. double-ring nitrogenous bases connect to single-ring bases.
e. all of these
e. all of these
A nucleotide may contain
a. purine
b. a sugar
c. a phosphate group
d. pyrimidine
e. all of these
b. sugar and phosphate molecules
Each DNA strand has a backbone that consists of alternating
a. purines and pyrimidines
b. sugar and phosphate molecules
c. nitrogen-containing bases
d. hydrogen bonds
e. amines and purines
b. semiconservative
The appropriate adjective to describe DNA replication is
a. nondisruptive
b. semiconservative
c. progressive
d. lytic
c. produces two molecules, each of which is half-new and half-old DNA joined lengthwise to each other.
Replication of DNA
a. produces RNA molecules.
b. produces only new DNA.
c. produces two molecules, each of which is half-new and half-old DNA joined lengthwise to each other.
d. generates excessive DNA, which eventually causes the nucleus to divide.
e. is too complex to characterize.
d. all of these
DNA polymerase
a. is an enzyme
b. adds new nucleotides to a strand
c. proofreads DNA strands to see that they are correct
d. all of these
a. fills in tiny gaps between short stretches of DNA
DNA ligase
a. fills in tiny gaps between short stretches of DNA
b. is a carbohydrate
c. proofreads DNA strands
d. adds new nucleotides to a strand
b. phenylalanine
Four of the five answers listed below are bases used to construct nucleic acids. Select
the exception.
a. cytosine
b. phenylalanine
c. adenine
d. guanine
e. thymine
a. A-C
Four of the five below are correctly paired. Select the exception.
a. A-C
b. C-G
c. A-T
d. T- A
e. purine-pyrimidine
c. uracil
Which is NOT a nucleotide base in DNA?
a. adenine
b. guanine
c. uracil
d. thymine
e. cytosine
d. G-C-T-A-A-C
A DNA strand having the sequence C-G-A-T-T-G would be complementary to the sequence ______.
a. C-G-A-T-T-G
b. G-C-T-A-A-G
c. T-A-G-C-C-T
d. G-C-T-A-A-C
c. base sequences
One species' DNA differs from others in its _____.
a. sugars
b. phosphate groups
c. base sequences
d. all of the above
a. the two DNA strands unwind from each other
When DNA replication begins, _____.
a. the two DNA strands unwind from each other
b. the two DNA strands condense for base transfers
c. two DNA molecules bond
d. old strands move to find new strands
d. all of the above
DNA replication requires _____.
a. free nucleotides
b. new hydrogen bonds
c. enzymes
d. all of the above
d. DNA
For all cells and many viruses, a nucleic acid that is the molecule of inheritance.
a. Adenine
b. Cytosine
c. RNA
d. DNA
e. ATP
f. Phosphate
g. Polymerase
a. Adenine
A purine, a nitrogen containing base with a single-ring structure, that pairs with thymine.
a. Adenine
b. Cytosine
c. RNA
d. DNA
e. ATP
f. Phosphate
g. Polymerase
c. Nucleotide
A small organic compound of a five-carbon sugar, nitrogen-containing base, and a
phosphate group.
a. Bacteriophage
b. DNA Polymerase
c. Nucleotide
d. DNA Ligase
e. DNA repair
f. DNA replication
g. amino acid
e. DNA repair
A process that restores the original base sequence when part of a DNA molecule gets
altered.
a. Bacteriophage
b. DNA Polymerase
c. Nucleotide
d. DNA Ligase
e. DNA repair
f. DNA replication
g. amino acid
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