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Ap Human Geography Chapter 11 Vocab ( only some of the words)

Terms in this set (17)

Second Agricultural Revolution
dovetailing with and benefiting from the Industrial Revolution, improved methods of cultivation, harvesting, and storage of farm produce
von Thunen model
A _____ that explains the location of agricultureal activities in a commercial, profit-making economy. A process of spatial competition allocates various farming activities into rings around a central market city, with profit-earning capability the determining force in how far a crop locates from the market
Third Agricultural Revolution
Currently in progress, the _________________ has as its principal orientation the development of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO's)
Green Revolution
the development of higher-yield and fast-growing crops through increased technology, pesticides, and fertilizers transferred from the developed to developing world to alleviate the problem of food supply in those regions of the globe.
Genetically modified organisms
crops that carry new traits that have been inserted through advanced genetic engineering methods
rectangular survey system
Also called the Public Land Survey, the system was used by the US Land Office Survey to parcel land west of the Appalachian Mountains. The system divides land into a series of rectangular parcels.
township and range system
A rectangular land division scheme designed by Thomas Jefferson to disperse settlers evenly across farmlands of the U.S. interior.
metes and bounds system
A system of land surveying east of the Appalachian Mountains. It is a system that relies on descriptions of land ownership and natural features such as streams or trees. Because of the imprecise nature of ______________ surveying, the U.S. Land Office Survey abandoned the technique in favor of the rectangular survey system.
longlot survey system
distinct regional approach to land surveying found in the Canadian Maritimes, parts of Quebec, Luisiana, and Texas whereby land is divided into narrow parcels stretching back from rivers, roads, or canals
primogeniture
system where the eldest son in a family, or in exceptional cases, a daughter inherits all of the parent's land
commercial agriculture
term used to describe large scale farming and ranching operations that employ vast land bases, large mechanized equipment, factory-type labor fores, and the latest technoloty
monoculture
dependence on a single agricultural commodity
plantation agriculture
Production system based on a large estate owned by an individual, family, or corporation and organized to produce a cash crop. Almost all __________ were established within the tropics; in recent decades, many have been divided into smaller holdings or reorganized as cooperatives
luxury crops
Non-subsistence crops such as tea, cacao, coffee, and tobacco
livestock ranching
the raising of domesticated animals for the produciton of meat and byproducts (leather, wool)
Mediterranean agriculture
Specialized farming that occurs only in areas where the dry-summer Mediterranean climate prevails
agribusiness
General term for the businesses that provide the vast array of goods and services that support the agriculture industry
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