Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

Ankle and Foot II: Intrinsic Soft Tissues and Postural Pathologies

Terms in this set (24)

Before giving off the medial and lateral plantar nerves, what does the tibial artery give off? Clinical significance?
Gives off medial calcaneal nerves. This is clinically significant because they are often impinged in over pronation (flat) feet.
What are the major branches of the Tibial N and Posterior Tibial A?
-Medial Plantar A&N
-Lateral Plantar A&N
-Medial Calcaneal AA & NN
What is the artery of the tarsal canal and what is its significance? (branches off of what?) Is this medial or lateral?
MEDIAL

Branches off of the posterior tibial artery and supplies the body of the talus.

Passes under the neck of the talus and anastamoses with the artery of the tarsal sinus.

If you damage this artery, you can get avascular necrosis of the talus.
What does the anterior tibial artery turn into? What is the landmark that signals this change?
Turns into dorsalis pedis artery after the the ankle.
What does the anterior tibial artery turn into? What branches does this new name give off?
Turns into dorsalis pedis. Gives off 2 medial tarsal AA, A of tarsal sinus (lateral), and lateral tarsal A (lateral).
What is the tarsal canal?
What is the tarsal sinus?
What is the tarsal tunnel?
What is the relationship between the dorsalis pedis and deep plantar arteries?
You can be dominant of one of the other and have supply coming mainly from one or the other.

(sometimes the perforating branch of the fibular artery can form the dorsalis pedis as well!)
What is the cutaneous innervation of the foot?
Note that the black and white drawing on the left is inaccurate. The superficial fibular is named so because it goes OVER the retinacula!
What are the dermatomes of the foot?
S1=lateral
L5=medial
Discuss Extensor Hallicus Brevis and Extensor Digitorum Brevis.
Extensor hallicus brevis does not usually have its own separate muscle belly. They originate on the calcaneus. NOTE different insertions!

NO 5TH DIGIT!
Describe deep fibular nerve as it course above the ankle into the foot.
Course under the retinacula, innervates the intrinsic foot extensors, then shoots to in between the 1st and 2nd toe to do sensory innervation.
What is the support system for the arch of the foot?
Figure this out
What are the muscles in the various compartments of the foot?
Medial: Flexor hallicus brevis, abductor hallicus

Interosseous: interossei

Central: Flexor digitorum brevis (3), flexor digitorum longus tendon/quadratus plantae/lumbricals (2), adductor hallicus (1)

Lateral: abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digit minimi
What is a special function of the quadratus plantae muscle?
It helps pull the muscles on a more straight path. (?) go over this...
What does the foot lumbrical flex? extend? adduct?
Flexes metatarsophalangeal joints

Extends interphalangeal joints

Adducts the digits
What muscles attach to the lateral sesamoid bone of the big toe?
lateral head of flexor hallicus brevis, extensor hallicus brevis, adductor hallicus
What muscles attach to the medial sesamoid bone of the big toe?
medial head of flexor hallicus brevis
What is the axis of ab/adduction of the foot?
2nd digit.
How many plantar interossei do you have?
3. on 3rd, 4th, and 5th digit.
Under what muscle can you find your deep plantar arch?
Adductor hallucis oblique head.
Discuss some foot pathologies related to the metatarsals.
Sets found in the same folder