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Any substance or object that has mass or volume—meaning it takes up space—including things invisible to the naked eye like molecules, atoms, and subatomic particles, which are particles smaller than atoms, like protons, neutrons, and electrons. These substances are a key area of focus in the study of physics.
A tentative explanation for an unexplained phenomenon, paired with reasons why it is believed to be true. It is the necessary first step in the scientific method, in which researchers and theorists attempt to understand occurrences or observations that are not well explained by current scientific theories. The author of the article mentions that because Professor James Gates is a theoretical physicist, he uses mathematical formulas instead of hands-on experiments to test his proposed ideas.
A quality in which a group consists of a variety of dissimilar, or different types of members, whether based on race, gender, socioeconomic status, nationality, educational background, or some other characteristic. In the article, Professor James Gates asserts that a rich variety of approaches to thinking about complex subjects is essential to arrive at new ideas and advancements in science.