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10 - Bone Mineral Homeostasis - Hypercalcemia

Terms in this set (81)

What is the difference between bone mineral homeostasis and balance?
Homeostasis = maintain immediate [Ca+]
Balance = maintain long term [Ca+]
What cells are responsible for the removal of bone matrix?
osteoclasts
What cells produce protein matrix and control mineralization?
osteoblasts
What cells are buried in newly formed bone and connect with one another to form a system which controls the rate of ion transportation and regulates the rate of mineralization in new bone matrix?
osteocytes
What are the two major mineral constituents of bone?
calcium and phosphate
What % of Ca+ in the body exists in crystalline form in skeleton and teeth?
99%
What % of free Ca+ is stored intracellularly w/in soft tissues?
90% (0.9% of total)
Where is 0.1% of total body Ca+ located?
extracellularly
What % of Ca+ is complexed with phosphates, citrate, and other anions?
15%
What % of Ca+ i sbound to serum proteins?
40%
What % of Ca+ is ionized or biologically active?
45%
Is Ca+ of phosphate more tightly regulated?
Ca+
What % of phosphate exists in crystalline form in skeleton and teeth?
85%
What are the two primary hormone regulators of calcium and phosphate homeostasis?
PTH, VitD
What are the three secondary hormonal regulators of calcium and phosphate homeostasis?
calcitonin, glucocorticoids, estrogen
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