Ch 1 Study Words

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Radiocarbon dating
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Terms in this set (30)
Radiocarbon dating
Archaeologists use this test to determine the date/age of organic artifacts.
DNA
scientific test to determine the origin of human remains
Native American Arrival
15,000 to 30,000 years ago
Came from Asia
During the Last Ice Age
by land bridge at the Bering Strait
following migrating herds
American Civilizations
Olmecs- 1st Civilization
Mayans- 365 day calendar
Toltecs
Aztecs-great conquerers-here when SP arrive
4 tribes Native to Alabama
Creeks
Cherokee
Choctaw
Chickasaws
Culture/Environment
All cultures survive and adapt to their environment
Middle Ages
Dark Ages
Period after collapse of the Roman Empire
Limited movement and trade in Europe
Very little change or progress
Feudalism/Effects
Nobles or lords control large amounts of lands and divide the lands among lesser lords and they provide military service

EFFECT
People don't go places. Stay in their lands to try to defend them
Manorialism
Peasants or serfs (98% of population) work the land for nobles in exchange for shelter and protection
Crusades/Effects
Series of wars by the Catholic church in Europe to take back control of Jerusalem from the Muslim Turks

EFFECT
Bring back new products and ideas from other places
Sparks interest and will lead to explorations to try to get to Asia
Renaissance/EffectsPeriod in European history known for the rebirth in creativity EFFECTS Will lead to inventions that will help foster sea explorationPrinting Press/EffectsInvented by Johann Gutenberg Books no longer copied by hand (more books) EFFECTS More information available besides the Bible Will spark interest in explorationsReformation/EffectsLed by Martin Luther People begin to question church authority EFFECTS Creates divisions in the Christian religion Will lead to people wanting to leave Europe to escape religious persecutionTechnological Advances/sea travelCompass and Gunpowder Astrolabe (use stars for primative lat. and long.) Mapping Skills Caravel (better balanced and faster ships) Lateen sails (triangular-can sail against the windPrince Henry the NavigatorStarts mariner (sailing) school in Portugal Portugal is #1 exploring nation in EuropeBartholemeu DiasPortuguese sailor that reached the southern tip of Africa in 1488Vasco da GamaPortuguese explorer. In 1497-1498 he led the first naval expedition from Europe to sail to India, opening an important commercial sea route.Land ownershipmajor difference between Europeans and Native Americans after the SP arrival in AmericaChristopher ColumbusItalian explorer Sails for Spain Believes he can get to Asia faster by sailing West on the open waters Accidentally discovers America in 1492Leif EricsonViking leader 1st European on American soil 500 years before Columbus NewfoundlandIsabella and FerdinandMonarchy of Spain that finally backed Columbus' voyage to AsiaColumbus' shipsNiña, Pinta, Santa MariaOctober 12, 1492Columbus reached the "New World" Believed to be Hispaniola in Central America"Indians"Columbus called the native American people "Indians" because he believed the islands he had found were near India.Amerigo VespucciOne of the first explorers to believe where Columbus had landed was a "New World" German mapmaker calls the lands America after VespucciTreaty of TordesillasA 1494 agreement between Portugal and Spain, declaring that newly discovered lands to the west of an imaginary line in the Atlantic Ocean would belong to Spain and newly discovered lands to the east of the line would belong to Portugal. Designed to prevent conflict between the two countriesPonce de LeonSP explorer explored and named Florida (land of flowers) look for the fountain of youthVasco de BalboaFirst European (SP)to reach the Pacific Ocean by land 1513Ferdinand MagellanSP explorer Names the South Sea the Pacific Ocean 1st to circumnavigate (sail around) the world Killed in the Philippines (crew finishes voyage)Columbian ExchangeThe exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages.