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Theory Quiz #2

Terms in this set (84)

What is a safety culture?
A prevention strategy based on the shared commitment of everyone in the office toward ensuring the safety of the work environment, the dental personnel, and the patients.
What is part of a safety culture?
Employees are told when they do not follow good safety practices.
Employees are to report safety violations
New employees quickly learn that they are expected to follow good safety practices
The safety of employees is a priority with management.
Who should be involved in creating a safety culture?
Dentist employer, dental assistants and hygienists, and front office staff.
Does gloving by dental workers benefit patients? If so, how?
Yes, it prevents microbes on the hands of the dental workers from contacting the patient
What infection control element benefits dental personnel rather than patients?
Dental personnel having protective
A preventative vaccine is available in the US against
Tetanus
Usually, adults need to receive the tetanus vaccine every _____ years.
10
The influenza vaccine is given:
Once a year
In what month should health care workers receive the influenza vaccine?
October
The first handwashing of the day involves the use of
a soft brush to clean nails. We want to use a silicone brush so we don't create microscopic cuts which will damage our protective skin border against infection.
When should an alcohol-based hand rub be used?
Only if no soil is visible on the hands
Which bacteria on the hands are most important in spreading disease?
Those that contaminate the hands from touched surfaces. Transient skin flora.
Which microorganims are removed by routine handwashing?
Transient flora
Which of the following hand hygiene agents has a prolonged antimicrobial effect?
Chlorhexidine gluconate
According to the CDC, which of the following antimicrobial hand hygiene agents acts the fastest?
Alcohol
Performing hand hygiene before gloving
reduces the number of bacteria on the skin that may multiply beneath the gloves
The common cold is commonly spread by
contaminated hands
When should an alcohol-based hand rub be used during a surgical scrub?
After handwashing with nonantibacterial soap.
Why should you not just top off the soap when refilling a soap dispenser?
Topping off will allow any contaminants in the container to be carried over to the fresh soap.
Wearing gloves at chairside helps prevent which of the following routes of entry of patient's microbes into the body
Percutaneous
Heavy utility gloves should be used
to work with contaminated instruments
Masks should be used when
spattering of contaminated fluids is possible
A mask should be replaced
with every patient
The last of the personal protective barriers to be put on before patient treatment begins are
gloves
The most common type of skin reaction to gloves is
irritant contact dermatitis
When leaving chairside to get a new package of sterile instruments from the sterilizing room, what barrier should be removed and then replaced on returning to chairside?
Gloves
Wet masks should be changed because they
Cause more air to enter around the edges
Gloves worn by dental personnel protect the
Dental personnel and patients
The mechanism of allergic contact dermatitis is the same as
the reaction to poison ivy
Powder-free gloves are used to
limit the spread of latex protein allergens
Protective eyewear should have
solid side shields
How should one load a sterilizer?
place the packages on their edges
The rationale for packaging instruments before placing them into a sterilizer is to
maintain their sterility after sterilization
spores of Geobacillus stearothermophilus are used to monitor which type of sterilizer?
Unsaturated chemical vapor and steam
What type of sterilization causes carbon steel instruments to rust
steam
How should one sterilize a plastic rubber dam frame
Liquid sterilant such as glutaraldehyde
Spores of Bacillus atrophaeus are used to monitor what type of sterilizer?
Dry heat
A chemical indicator reveals that an item
has been processed through a heat sterilizer
The leading cause of sterilization failure is
overloading the sterilizer
The purpose of an aluminum foil test is to
determine whether an ultrasonic cleaner chamber has an even distribution of sonic energy
The main rationale for cleaning instruments before sterilization is to
Give the sterilization procedure the best chance to work
Placing wet instruments into a dry heat sterilizer or an unsaturated chemical vapor sterilize can:
Counteract the antirusting nature of these sterilizers
Instrument packages are wet after the sterilization portion of which of the following sterilizer cycles
steam
Wet packages should be allowed to dry inside of the sterilizer because paper packaging material may tear on handling and because:
of wicking
A high-speed handpiece that is destroyed at 300 F (149 C)cannot be sterilized in
a dry heat sterilizer
The active ingredient in the unsaturated chemical vapor sterilization process is
formaldehyde
The first thing to do after a sterilization failure is to
take the sterilizer out of service for processing patient care items
The sterilization process is described best as being
sporicidal
When analyzing spore tests, Geobacillus stearothermophilus is incubated at what temperature?
131 F or 55 C
What sterility assurance procedure should be performed while setting up for the next patient?
The instrument packages should be observed for tears or punctures before being opened
Critical patient care items are to be cleaned and ________ for reuse.
sterilized
Which of the following is an acceptable technique for the handling of sharps?
Recapping a needle using a cap holder
Recapping a needle using the "scoop technique"
Disposing of a needle in a puncture-resistant container
Where should sharps containers be placed in the office?
Wherever disposable sharps are used or may be found
A plan referring to factors that influence overall attitudes and behavior in the office regarding sharp safety is
a culture of safety
Sharps safety procedures indicate what type of gloves should be worn during operatory cleanup and instrument processing?
Utility gloves
Sharps injuries are primarily associated with occupational transmission in which of the following diseases
Hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus disease
Syphilis
Causes sores on the tongue.
It is a sexually transmitted disease. Cell mediated-reaction can be cause by touching them.
Caused by the bacteria Treponema pallidum
Gonorrhea
A sexually transmitted bacterial disease in the mouth caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Causes gonococcal pharyngitis.
Tuberculosis
Has a thick capsule
Caused by the bacterium Myobacterium tuberculosis.
Will eventually cause cancer in the lungs
We don't treat a patient if they have active tuberculosis.
Denture stomatitis
inflammation of the oral mucosa in contact with a denture surface.
Caused by Candidas albcans.
It is an opportunistic pathogen
Strep throat
caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
Causes inflammation of the tonsils and the pharynx.
Opportunistic pathogen
Can eventually spread and cause heart problems.
Herpes labialis
Caused by Herpes simplex 1 (saliva) and 2 virus.
Will cause lesions periodically appearing on the lips
Rheumatic Heart disease
Caused by Streptococcus pyrogenes that have progressively gotten worse and spread to the heart.
Middle ear infections
Caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b or Streptococcus pneumoniae
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Make recommendations
Leading scientific body on the causes and prevention of diseases
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Controls the manufacturing and labeling of items used in the human body.
Examples: food, drugs, cosmetics and medical devices). They ensure the safety and effectiveness of these items
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Controls labeling of chemicals disinfecting agents to ensure their safety and effectiveness.
Set standards for drinking water
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
To protect the workers of America.
Bloodborne Pathogens Standard and Hazard Communication Standard. They enforce recommendations from CDC
What are the 7 sections of the blood-borne pathogens standard?
1. Written exposure control plan
2. Exposure prevention methods
3. Hepatitis B vaccination
4. Post exposure medical evaluation
5. Hazard communication
6. Training
7. Recordkeeping.
"Autoclave" tape is used for which type of sterilizing monitoring?
Chemical monitoring
What conditions lead to corrosion of instruments?
Not rinsing and thoroughly or ensuring instruments are dry.
What conditions lead to sterilization failures?
Overloading
Using closed containers
Not operating sterilizer correctly.
Improper packing materials or procedures
What spore is used in biological indicators in steam and unsaturated chemical vapor sterilizers
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
What is safety culture
The safety of dental patients and office personnel. Helps keep us safe
When do you use spore strips?
To monitor all forms of heat sterilization. Should be done weekly
What does a BI test contain?
An endospore to ensure sterility.
What is chemical monitoring
Uses heat-sensitive chemicals to assess the physical condition during the sterilization process. Indicators that change color or physical form. Tells you that certain temperatures have been reached, doesn't tell you if the item is sterile.
What is mechanical monitoring?
Involves observation of the gauges and displays on the sterilizer and recording of the sterilizing temp, pressure, and exposure time.
Critical instruments
Penetrates soft tissue, contacts bone, enters into or contacts the bloodstream or other normally sterile tissue of the mouth.
EX: Surgical instruments, scalers, blades, Surgical dental burs.
Semicritical instruments
contact mucous membranes but do not penetrate soft tissue, contacts bone, enters into or contacts the bloodstream, or other normally sterile tissue of the mouth.
EX: mouth mirrors, amalgam condenser, impression trays, handpieces
Noncritical instruments
Contacts intact skin
EX: BP cuff, lead x-ray apron, stethoscope, pulse oximeter.
Clinical contact surfaces
Surface that may be touched with gloved hands during patient care or that may become contaminated with blood or other potentially infectious material and subsequently contact instruments, devices, hands, or gloves (e.g., light handles, switches, and drawer handles).
What is the gold standard for the disinfectants?
Tuberculosis. If it can kill that it kills everything below it
What are the 8 steps of instrument processing?
1. holding
2. cleaning
3. Rinse
4. Packaging
5. Sterilization
6. Sterilization monitoring
7. Handling
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