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Exam 2: Lec 8,9

Terms in this set (115)

in the alternative numbering system, A equals to ? T equals to?
A = 1D
T = 20D
which teeth are succedaneous (이어지는?w/adult teeth)
incisors
canines
premolars
*molars are not succedaneous
which one is not the function of primary dentition

a. chewing (mastication
b. support lips & cheeks
c. formulation of speech
d. maintain arch space, room for secondary teeth
e. all of above are functions of primary teeth
e
discoloration of permanent teeth may be due to the infection of primary teeth (t/f)
t
called Turner's spot
time period when there is no teeth (Edentulous)
birth to 6, 8 months
time period when there is only primary dentition
erupt from 6 months - 2 yrs

-all 20 primary teeth present from 2-6 yrs
Delay of primary teeth for more than _____months need further dental evaluation. F teeth tend to erupt ____ than M
12 months; earlier
time period when exfoliation and replacement with permanent (succedaneous) teeth occurs and there is mixed dentition
from 6-12 yrs
time period when there is adult dentition only
-after 12 yrs
-last permanent teeth erupt (thrid molars) = late teens/early 20s
primary crowns begin to form at _____ weeks in utero, begin calcify between _____ months in utero, and is complete about _____ months after beginning of formation which is ___ after birth
6 weeks, 4-6 months, 10 months, ~2 months
primary teeth root complete _________ after eruption/emergence
1.5 - 3 yrs
arrange in order of emergence of primary teeth (btw 6 months and 2 yrs)

* Mand cent incisor
* Second molars
* Canines
* first molars
* other incisors (Max lat incisor last)
-Mand cent incisor-other incisors-first molars-canines-second molars
list the 4 sequential eruption period of primary teeth "7+4"
-1st teeth
-4 teeth
-8 teeth
-12 teeth
-7 months --1st teeth (man cent incisor)
-11 months --4 teeth (other incisors)
-15 months --8 teeth
-19 months --12 teeth (1st molars + canines?)
primary dentition eruption time table
Man cent inc
Max cent inc
Man lat inc
Max lat inc
first molars
canines
sec molars
formation and calcification of secondary crowns begin at birth thru ________
8-10 yrs
list time period of emergence for secondary teeth
-man central incisor
-1st molars
-man canine
-premolars
-max canines
-2nd molar
-3rd molars
-man central incisor & 1st Molars (6yr)
-other incisors (7-9)
-man canine (9)
-premolars (10-12)
-max canines (12)
-2nd molar (12)
-3rd molars (late teens)
delayed eruption >12 months can be caused by
-oral space issue
-endocrine disorders (hypothyroidism, growth h def)
-genetic disorder (displasia, down synd, rickets, cleidocranial dysostosis)
-dense gingival tissue
-dental infection
-radiation therapy
early tooth loss (primary tooth) causes:
-dental caries
-trauma
-endocrine disorders
-immune disorders (DM, eosinophilic d, HIV, etc)
following disorders can cause delayed exfoliation except
a. vitamin C deficiency
b. ectodermal dysplasia
c. genetic disorder (down synd)
d. hypothyroidism or hypopituitarism
a;
Vit D resistant rickets can be a cause, not Vit C
text book lists following items as interventions for teething; except which one is not recommended by dr dinh?
a. pacifier
b. cold spoon
c. frozen bagel/banana
d. refrigerated teething rings (not in freezer)
e. clean wet washcloths
b
tropical teething gels are often used for teething but not recommended due to side effects, and adult dose of acetaminophen/ibuprofen is recommended instead (t/f)
f, only small dose
traits of primary teeth compared to secondary
-relatively long roots compared to crowns
-more wear since less mineralized
-thinner enamel/dentin
-fewer anomalies
-marked CEJ constriction & cervical crown bulges
has labial depression, mamelons, and perikymata

a. permanent teeth
b. primary teeth
c. both
a
primary anterior teeth roots bend __in apical third to let 2ndary teeth come out; Max incisor roots also bend ____ in cervical half
labially ; lingually
primary molars' crown taper narrower toward _____ w/ narrow ________ and shallow occlusal anatomy
occlusal; occlusal table
primary molars: secondary molars are ____than first
larger
from labial view, all primary incisors are longer incisocervically than mesiodistally except ?
(otherwise similar to secondary incisors)
Max central incisor
Mandibular incisors have equal mesiodistal length to that of faciolingual length (t/f)
t
all primary canines have longer incisocervical length than mesiodistal length (t/f)
f; they're about the same for Max canines
only primary Max canine and secondary Mand 1st premolar has _____ contact more cervical than ____
Mesial ; Distal
which primary and secondary teeth have exception of longer mesial cusp ridges than distal
Primary Max Canine; Secondary Max 1st Premolar
which canines have shorter mesial cusp ridges
Primary Mandibular Canine
Secondary canines
primary canine roots are bent ___in apical third
labially
which primary teeth have diamond outline from incisal view
Man canines
what is unique about primary molar cervical line curve?
curve apically in mesial half of buccal surface; permanent molar curve apically in the center
which primary molar resemble secondary 1st molars ? "mini me"
primary second molars
Primary Max second molar type traits
-crown similar to secondary max first molar but smaller
-4 cusps + carabelli
-oblique ridge
-mesiobuccal cusp almost equal to mesiolingual cusp ***
how is primary max second molar different from secondary max first molar
mesiobuccal cusp is about same to mesiolingual cusp; while mesiolingual cusp is larger on Permanent first molars
list the five cusps of primary mand second molar
mesiobuccal, distobuccal, distal, mesiolingual, distolingual
as on permanent max first molar, primary max second molars have 4 major cusps and sometimes a cusp of carabelli. which cusp is smallest (unless there's a cusp of carabelli)
Distolingual cusp
traits that distinguish primary max 2nd molars
Mesiobuccal cusp is almost same or larger than mesiolingual cusp compared to permanent max first molar where mesiolingual cusp is largest
from occlusal view, crown of primary max second molars taper narrower toward the _______
lingual
compared to the permanent first molar, primary second molar has mesial surface that is more convergent toward the __________ and oblique ridge that is aligned closer to _____ from buccal to lingual
lingual; straight
how does primary mand second molar diff from permanent first molars
Primary: distobuccal cusp is largest and mesiobuccal and distal cusps are almost same size & lingual cusps are slightly shorter than buccal cusps;

Secondary: distal cusp is smallest on permanent first molars
__________crowns are "wanna be" which resembles both permanent PM and M; primary mand first molar resemble no other tooth
primary first molar
primary max first molar has two prominent cusps =
and two very small cusps =
mesiobuccal and mesiolingual;
distobuccal and siatolingual
what occlusal groove shape does primary max first molar have
H pattern
which cusp of primary mandibular first molar has prominent cervical ridge/bulge w/ more apical cervical line in mesial half of buccal face
Mesiobuccal
primary mand first molar has pronounced _______ridge, an occlusal table that's wider in its ______half w/ prominent _______ fossa, and pronounced transverse ridge in its _________half
Mesiobuccal; distal; central; mesial
order of primary mand first molar cusps
largest and longest Mesiobuccal, next largest mesiolingual, then distobuccal, and smallest and shortest distolingual
pulps are larger in __________teeth
primary
primary teeth pulps are located mostly in_____ with narrow pulp horns
crown; due to short root trunk
__________ crown is often used for primary teeth cavities
stainless steel
if baby teeth erupt too early, what is likely to rupture
lingual frenulum
1. which primary teeth have crowns that are wider mesiodistally than incio-or occlusocervically?

a. Max cent incisor
b. Max first M
c. Mand lat incisor
d. Mand first M
e. Mand canine
a, b, d,
2. which tooth is adjacent and distal to primary max second molar in 7 yr old
permanent Max first molar
3. how many teeth should be visible in mouth of 3 yr old
a. none
b. 10
c. 20
d. 24
c
4. how many teeth should be present in mouth of 13 yr old

a. 10
b. 20
c. 24
d. 28
e. 32
d
5. which primary molar most resembles permanent max first first molar

a. A
b. E
c. F
d. T
e. B
a
6. a child with: all primary max incisors, canines, and molars, and permanent Man central incisors and first M

a. 2-4 yrs
b. 5-7 yrs
c. 8-9 yrs
d. 10-11 yrs
b
7. which have mesial proximal contact more cervically than distal proximal contact

a. Mand 1 PM
b. Max 1 PM
c. Primary Max canine
d. Primary Mand canine
e. Mand 2 PM
a, c
8. which have mesial cusp ridge longer than distal cusp ridge of facial cusp

a. Man 1 PM
b. Max 1 PM
c. primary max canine
d. primary man canine
e. mand 2 pm
b, c
9. which succedaneous tooth erupts beneath tooth J

a. 1
b. 5
c. 10
d. 13
e. 16
d
10 which trait differentiate primary from secondary
a. prim have greater facial cervical bulges
b. prim have relatively thinner/longer roots
c. prim teeth are whiter
d. prim anterior teeth are larger than successors
e. prim teeth have larger pulps
a, b, c, e
11. which permanent teeth would u expect to be erupted in 9-10 yr old

a. max lateral incisor
b. max central incisor
c. mandibular canine
d. max canine
e. mand 2nd M
a, b, c
12 which apply to primary mand 1 M

a. roots are resorbed due to eruption of 6 yr mand 1 M
b. resembles Mand 6 yr first M
c. has prominent buccal cervical bulge
d. has prominent mesial marginal ridge
e. has prominent transverse ridge
f. has occlusal table larger in mesial half than distal half
c, d, e ?????
The pt has a darker tooth #8, this may be due to:
childhood trauma (may show up much later after the incident)
pulp cavity
the cavity in the inner portion of the tooth; contains nerves & blood supply
two main division of pulp cavity
1. pulp chamber & pulp horns (more coronal)
2. root canals (pulp canals) in the roots
The floor of pulp chamber is only present in the teeth with ________ roots
two or more; not present w/one root
There is One horn per cusp; it is not present in the ___________cusp Except _____________________________
Nonfunctional; Peg shaped lateral incisors
Anterior teeth tend to have the pulp chamber partly at the crown; whereas it's located more __________between crown & root
cervical
Accessory (or lateral) canals are typically located @ __________________
apical 1/3
How many pulp canal types (anatomic configurations) can exist within any one root?
4
Type I pulp canal
one canal to one foramen
Type II pulp canal
two separate canals join at one apical foramen
Type III pulp canal
two separate canals from chamber continue to two separate apical foramina
Type IV pulp canal
one canal from chamber but splits to two canals & apical foramina (at the tip of apex)
label each type

a,b,c,e = type 1
d = type 4
what is 'sound young teeth' and why do we study them
newly erupted teeth; they are not calcified, no trauma hx, canals are easier to view
incisors often have ____ pulp horns in correlation w/ _____ facial lobes/mamelons
three (mesial, central, distal)
Peg lateral incisors form from ____lobe and are likely to have ____ pulp horn
one; one
canines have _____ pulp horn under _____cusp
one; one
if two canals exist, most likely one is _____ and one is _____
facial; lingual
number of canal always equal to the number of root (t/f)
f
typically, Maxillary molars have ___roots and ____ canals and _____orifices in the chamber floow
3 roots; 4 canals (2 in mesiobuccal root); 4 orifices
mandibular molars often have ___ roots but ____canals and ____orifices in the chamber floor
2 roots; 3 canals (2 in mesial); 3 orifices
pulp cavities get ______in older teeth b/c:
smaller;
deposit of secondary dentin/new dentin form as rxn to injury/ Calcium hydroxide base can be used to stimulate additional dentin
irreversible pulpitis
pulp inflamed and cannot heal
periapical disease: periapical radiolucency
dark area on x-ray around apex indicating bone loss
periapical disease: granuloma
granule from chronic inflammation
pulp death (necrosis)
pulp is devital but tooth may still function
sometimes pt with pulpitis may need to be intubated bc?
airway can be closed up if sub-mandibular area gets affected..
crown discoloration from pulp damage may be treated with __________
tooth whitening
correct steps of endodontic therapy:

* develop access opening thru roof of pulp chamber
* fill cleaned canal with gutta percha
* clean out each canal, remove pulpal tissue using files
* locate canal orifices
-develop access opening-locate canal orifices-clean out each canal -fill cleaned canal with gutta percha
Maxillary central incisors: root, canal, depression
1 root
1 canal

mesial depression
Mandibular central/lateral incisors: root, canal, depression
1 root
1 canal
M&D depression, bigger Distal depression
Maxillary canines: root, canal, depression
1 root
1 canal
M& D depression, bigger Distal depression

ovoid shape
Mandibular canines: root, canal, depression
1 root
1 canal (may get 2 canals facial/lingual)
M& D depression, bigger Distal depression
Maxillary first PM: root, canal, depression
2 roots
2 canals (f,l)
M& D depression, bigger Mesial depression
maxillary second PM: root, canal, depression
1 root
1 canal
M&D depression, bigger Distal depression

ovoid shape
Mandbular 1st PM: root, canal, outline
1 root
1 canal
M&D depression, bigger Distal depression

ovoid outline
Mandibular 2nd PM: root, canal, outline
1 root
1 canal
M depression rare; bigger Distal depression

3 cusp type-wider Lingual side
Mandibular 1,2 Molars
2 roots (M,D)
3 canals (2 in M)

Mesial root w/ M&D depression
-mesial root w/ M,D depression
-furcation access midfacial & midlingual
Mandibular molars
Maxillary 1,2 Molars
3 roots
4 canals (2MB)
-MB root has M,D depression
-furcation access midfacial, mesial, distal
Maxillary 1st & 2nd molars
what is the most important anatomic variation of canals
C-shaped canals - single ribbon shaped orifice w/ 180 arc; often in Asian population ~30%
reason for variation in canal shapes and number of roots
shape and number are determined by Hertwig's epithelial sheath
1. which teeth are Not likely to have root depressions on both mesial & distal surfaces of the root

a. Max central & lateral incisor
b. Max canine
c. Max second premolar
d. Mand second premolar
a,d
2. Max anterior teeth are most likely to have how many root canals?

a. one
b. two
c. three
a
3. Max first M are most likely to have ___ roots and ___ root canals

a. two, two
b. two, three
c. two, four
d. three, three
e. three, four
e
4. the one PM most likely to have two roots and two root canals is the

a. Max first PM
b. Max second PM
c. Man first PM
d. Man second PM
a
5. the two roots of Max first PM are called

a. mesial and ligual
b. mesial and distal
c. buccal and mesial
d. buccal and lingual
d
6. on a tooth w/ severe bone loss due to periodontal disease, a probe can access the root furcation of Max first M on which of following surface

a. buccal
b. lingual
c. mesial
d. distal
a, c, d
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