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AVSC 3400

Terms in this set (154)

Signed on October 12, 1922, the Warsaw Convention has become one of the most important documents in international commercial air transpiration.
False
The United Kingdom and the United States met and negotiated a bilateral understanding of the development of international air transport.
The Bermuda Agreement
The US has been a party to what convention since 1934?
The Warsaw Convention
The ICAO is composed of how many member states?
152
The rules and regulations of which convention were adopted by the principal European nations?
NOT The Havana Convention
ICAO Annex 18 contains the general rules about how dangerous goods should be packed and transported and the responsibilities of various parties involved with their transportation.
True
Since the early days among international jurist, two principal theories of national sovereignty of air-space have existed. These two theories include: 1. Individual states have the right of sovereignty over the airspace over their soil and 2. Air is free and states have no authority over it.
True
How high should registration marks be painted or otherwise permanently affixed on the wings of an aircraft?
50 cm
The ICAO council members are composed of how many contracting states?
33
The Headquarters for ICAO are in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
False
The direction of the great circle route makes an angle of about _____ with the meridian of New York, about _____ with the meridian of Iceland, and still greater angle with the meridian of London.
About 50° with the meridian of New York; About 90° with the meridian of Iceland
This projection is neither perspective, equal area, nor conformal.
Azimuthal Equidistant Projection
The term knots is used to express "statute miles per hour" and MPH is used for "nautical miles per hour".
False
The only cylindrical projection used for navigation is the Mercator.
True
This projection is a perspective-conformal projection of the sphere.
Stereographic Projection
Choose the term(s) which are used to express the horizontal direction of one terrestrial point from another.
All of the terms
A projection can be defined as a systematic construction of lines on a plane surface to represent the parallels of latitude and the meridians of longitude of the earth or a section of the earth.
True
Classified according to the point of tangency of the plane of projection.
Gnomonic Projections
Azimuth is the true direction to a point in space.
True
The two methods of projection used are called _____ and _____.
Mathematical and perspective
A gyrocompass error caused by forces applied to the axis of the gyro wheel.
Precession
The Doppler Effect applies to which of the following wave motion?
All of the answers are correct
The intended horizontal direction of travel over the surface of the earth, expressed as an angle measured clockwise from true north through 360°.
True Course
The horizontal component of the actual path of the aircraft over the surface of the earth.
Track
The angle formed at any point between the magnetic meridian and the geographic meridian is called?
Magnetic Variation
The horizontal component of the intended path of the aircraft comprising both direction and magnitude or distance.
Course Line
A gyrocompass error caused by the fact that the earth is turning but the gyro wheel remains ridged in space.
Drift
Any straight line plotted on a Lambert conformal chart is approximately an arc of a great circle.
True
Magnetic Deviation
caused by nearby magnetic influences, such as those related to magnetic material in the structure of the aircraft and its electrical systems.
Magnetic Dip
caused by nearby magnetic influences, such as those related to magnetic material in the structure of the aircraft and its electrical systems.
All clock times should be entered in four-digit figures when completing a flight plan form.
True
An aircraft type with a maximum certificated takeoff mass of 7,000 kg (15,500 lbs) or less is defined as
light
What letters should be inserted into the international flight plan form if no ICAO four-letter indicator has been assigned for an aerodrome?
ZZZZ
Standard COM/NAV equipment is considered to be which of the following
All of the above
What is the wake turbulence definition for the term "heavy?"
maximum certificated takeoff mass of 136,000 kg (300,000 lbs) or more.
On an international flight plan form the acronym for "reason for special handling by the ATS" is defined as
STS/
What section of the DOD catalog contains a general description of the scale, code, projection, size, purpose, style and information shown on all charts used for planning references and wall displays?
NOT section 4
Preparation can be categorized into readiness or advanced preparation, as well as specific trip preparation (route specific).
True
On an international flight plan form the acronym for the SELCAL code is defined as
SEL/
It is strongly recommended that crew complete their flight planning with some study of the culture and customs of the countries they will descend upon.
True
Which of the following flight information regions are within the North Pacific?
All of the above
Canada, Denmark, and Iceland will only authorize routes which provide a minimum fuel reserve of in excess of the IFR reserve?
NOT 15%
According to the text, what are the first two principles of survival over the North Atlantic Ocean?
Protection and Location
The Automated Mutual Assistance Vessel Rescue (AMVER) is an International Maritime Mutual Assistance program.
True
The North Atlantic Minimum Navigation Performance Standards (MNSP) airspace is the volume of airspace between FL280 and FL420 extending between latitude 30 degrees North and the North Pole.
False
The wet footprint is the amount of time on either side of the Gsret during which, if specific range is degraded for any reason, the airplane will have to ditch.
False
Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) Airspace is that which has been designated by international agreement, as airspace in which air traffic control (ATC) separates aircraft by a minimum of 1,000 feet vertically between FL290 and FL410 (inclusive). Typically, this airspace is designated in areas of very hight density traffic.
True
Position reports on the routes between gateway fixes shall be made using geographical coordinates.
True
The place(s) where an aircraft enters and leaves oceanic control airspace is called:
coast-in point and coast-out point
What two important tools are used on every trans-oceanic flight?
ETP and the Wet Footprint
In the event an engine failure occurs, the crew is obligated to go directly to the closest...
rim alternate
With the present reliability level of jet engines, engine failure is a very likely occurrence along with other system problems that include, pressurization, fire, smoke, passenger medical, etc.
False
Crews who decide to check or update their long-range navigation systems by reference to VOR's should remember that in the Canadian Northern Control Area, VORs are not aligned with reference to magnetic
North
ETOPS states: At all times, for normal operation, a flight must be within a specified distance from a suitable airport.
True
If unable to comply with specific provisions, the aircraft should leave its assigned route or track by turning 45 degrees to the right or left whenever this is possible.
False
What term best describes the rights of states to regulate air traffic within their territories?
Cabotage
ETOPS states that a flight must be within a specified distance from an airport at all times.
adequate
What time from a suitable alternate is allowed for operators who can show an acceptable engine failure rate.
120 minutes
When operating on IFR clearance, any change of altitude or true airspeed great than 10% requires re-clearance from ATC.
False
An abbreviated clearance is only issued by air traffic services when clearing an aircraft to fly along the whole length of an organized track or along a Polar track within Reykjavik OCA.
True
(ATFM phrases in Europe) The day of operation in which ATFM plans are executed.
The Tactical Phase
A not plannable CDR. This route is usable on ATS instructions only.
CDR3
It is the task of the European Air Traffic Flow Unit, administered by EUROCONTROL, to operate the Real Time Management of the flow of air traffic throughout the area of the member states of the European Civil Aviation Conference.
False
A non-permanent plannable CDR. This route will be flight planned in accordance with conditions published daily in the CRAM only.
CDR2
(ATFM phrases in Europe) Defined as a period more than two days before the day of operation.
Strategic Phase
The slot allocation and slot modification process relies on an exchange of ATFM Messages between the AO, the CFMU and ATC units.
True
The fundamental concept of the Conditional Use of Airspace is that the airspace should no longer be designated as either civil or military airspace, but should be considered as one continuum and used existing conditions on a day to day basis.
False
(ATFM phrases in Europe) Two days before the day of operation.
The Pre-Tactical Phase
A permanently plannable CDR during the times published in the Enroute section of the Jeppesen Airway Manual.
CDR1
ATFM messages do not directly change or modify a flight plan.
True
When a member of state joins ICAO it agrees to support the organization worldwide which therefore makes the implementation of ICAO mandatory.
False
The main functional organization that does the day-to-day operations of ICAO is the
Secretariat
A three-digit number assigned by the United Nations to a particular chemical is referred to as a UN number?
False
Navigation is considered:
Both an art and science
The ICAO country code for Utah, USA is?
None of the above
When interception of a civil aircraft is necessary, ICAO recommends referring to the International Flight Information Manual.
True
Values of latitude range from _____ north and south. Values of longitude range from _____ east and west.
NOT Latitude: 0° to 90°; Longitude: 0° to 90°
When magnetic material in the aircraft deflect the compass needle from its normal alignment the amount of deflection is called?
NOT Magnetic Deviation
Cruising speed should be defined as a maximum of 4 characters on the international flight plan form.
false
A Mach Number Technique is a technique whereby subsonic turbojet aircraft operating successively along suitable routes are cleared by ATC to maintain appropriate Mach Numbers for a relevant portion of the en route phase of their flight.
True
Route planning starts first with the analysis of the range and altitude capability of the aircraft.
True
Canada has not moved toward full adaption of the ICAO/WMO format of aviation weather information.
False
CAVOK stands for Ceiling And Visibility OK.
True
The acquisition and interpretation of weather information is an essential part of the preflight planning process.
True
Temperature and dew point are reported in degree Fahrenheit.
False
What year was the meteorological aviation report (METAR) code developed?
1960
What is the abbreviation for 3 or 4 oktas of cloud coverage?
SCT
A special (SPECI) report is issued anytime weather conditions meet predetermined criteria.
TRUE
Wind speed can be measured in which of the following units?
All of the above
What is the weather abbreviation for fog?
FG
Prevailing visibility is given in the U.S. reports and is defined as the greatest distance objects can be seen and identified throughout at least ______ degrees of the horizon circle.
180
What is the property of matter best described by Newton's first law of motion, which says "A body continues in a state of rest, or uniform motion in a straight line, unless acted upon by unequal external forces."
Inertia
As long as the airplane flies in only one direction, one accelerometer is sufficient to determine distance traveled from the starting position.
True
During the alignment period, the Inertial Reference Unit (IRU) computer has determined true north by sensing the direction of the earth's ______.
rotation
The IRU microprocessors preform computations required for which of the following?
All of the above
Two predictable errors associated with spinning mass gyrocompasses are real drift and changes in magnetic variation.
True
The Strapdown laser-gyro system utilizes inertial sensors that are fixed relative to the structure. These sensors consist of two or more ring laser gyros and two or more accelerometers.
False
The basic principles of an inertial accelerometer have changed drastically over the past several years.
False
A modern Inertial Navigation System is the only self-contained single source for all navigation data.
True
An inertial accelerometer is capable of distinguishing between gravitational forces and actual aircraft acceleration.
False
What is the basic measuring instrument of the inertial navigation system?
Accelerometer
The criteria used for satellite selection are not very important factors in GPS receiver design. Criteria includes: health, geometric dilution of precision, user range accuracy, elevation angle, and availability of external aids.
False
Tropospheric Delay Error refers to the differences between actual satellite GPS time and that predicted by satellite data.
False
What GPS segment consists of a master control station and a number of monitor stations located on the ground around the world?
control segment
The Global Positioning System in a space-based radio positioning system which provides suitability equipped users with highly accurate position, velocity, and time data.
True
What GPS segment consists of a constellation of GPS satellites in semi-synchronous orbits around the earth?
space segment
What is a measure of elapsed time required for a receiver to acquire the satellite signals and navigation data, and calculate the first position solution?
Time-to-first-fix
The precision code is a 365-day long code sequence, and each of the GPS satellites is assigned a unique one week segment of this code.
False
The GPS space system consists of how many operational satellites?
21
It is generally accepted that positioning availability is the probability of the user having a position solution with a position dilution of
six
Two levels of navigation are provided by the GPS: the Precise Positioning Service and the Standard Positioning Service.
True
The navigation computer provides a primary means for pilot input to the system.
False
When a message to the pilot is present in the scratchpad, depressing the CLR key deletes that message.
True
The MFD also includes a unique North-up plan mode where the pilot can scroll through the entire flight plan. The North-up plan mode is also referred to as...
Relative-up Plan
What is the pilots interface with the FMS?
Control Display Unit
At the top of the CDU keyboard panel, how many annunciators operate independently from the CRT and keyboard?
6
Which component is NOT part of a Flight Management System?
Navigation Sensor
The alert messages on the CDU are divided into two major groups: advisory messages and alert messages.
True
What component of the FMS provides both lateral and vertical navigation guidance?
Navigation Computer
Depressing what key enables the pilot to access the performance index.
PERF
Depressing the DIR mode key displays the active flight plan with the DIRECT, HOLD, and INTERCEPT prompts.
True
What calendar was based on the assumption that the year is 365.25 days long?
NOT Julian Calendar
The most widely used modern day calendar is based on which of the following calendars?
Gregorian Calendar
GPS is synchronized with UTC (Universal Coordinated Time).
True
The mean solar day is defined as an interval of time equal to the average length of all the individual solar days of the year.
True
The Earth is steadily increasing its rotational speed.
False
Universal Coordinated Time is the same time as what time zone?
Greenwich Mean Time
The Earth travels around the Sun on what type of orbit?
Elliptical Orbit
The United States, excluding Alaska and Hawaii, is divided into how many times zones?
4
The world is divided into 24 time zones.
True
What are the two organizations within the U.S. government primarily responsible for providing time and frequency information?
National Bureau of Standards (NBS) & U.S. Naval Observatory (USNO)
What navigation system limitation is considered the greatest error of all?
Human Error
Pilots do not need to worry about complacency.
False
Flight crews conducting very long range operations may include an extra relief pilot.
True
When an ATC track change is received or updated, it is recommended that _____?
A new master document is prepared for the changed portion of the flight.
Which of the following statements summarizes the gross error check?
Checking the system against another source of information
Misuse of the master document can result in gross navigation errors.
True
The alignment of INS must be completed and the equipment switched to ____ mode prior to releasing the parking brake at the ramp for push-back.
NAV
Which of the following is not a part of the plotting technique?
Select track change 1-2 and check the accuracy of the indicated distance against the listed in the master document.
The pilot does not need to understand the limitations of each navigation system that they will use.
False
Procedures for error detection consist of the following items except for?
Assuming that the aircraft is at a waypoint
Since the adoption by ICAO more than 20 years ago, the use of Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) for surveillance has yet to spread throughout the world.
False
In what year did ICAO establish the special committee on Future Air Navigations Systems (FANS).
1983
What is the correct acronym for Air Route Traffic Control Centers?
ARTCC
What air-ground communications system may need to be retained initially to provide communication over the polar regions where geostationary satellites currently have no coverage?
HF
In computer data networking terminology, the infrastructure required to support the interconnection of automated systems is referred to as an internet.
True
What term best describes a precision approach and landing guidance system which provides position information and various ground to air data.
The Microwave Landing System
The requirement to keep the aircraft in the tunnel is of the RNP type, translated into accuracy, integrity, continuity, and availability parameters.
True
Surveillance is the basic tool the controller uses to monitor the maintenance of safety separation, manage the airspace efficiently and to assist the pilot in navigating his or her aircraft safely.
True
What is the acronym for Global Navigation Satellite System?
GNSS
What is the only method of air-ground communication used between the pilot and air traffic controller?
Voice
What term best describes a numeric code used by meteorologists to transfer information from meteorological stations to mainframe computers?
Synoptic Code
The flight management system, as an example of FMS, is designed as a federated system, where the are independent but interactive components but each component performs a system function.
True
The airborne ADS function transfers data from the aircraft to the controlling ATC unit.
False
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